APPROXIMATE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED CURVED PANEL USING HIGHER-ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY

An approximate analysis for free vibration of a laminated curved panel(shell)with four edges simply supported(SS2),is presented in this paper.The transverse shear deformation is considered by using a higher-order shear deformation theory.For solving the highly coupled partial differential governing equations and associated boundary conditions,a set of solution functions in the form of double trigonometric Fourier series,which are required to satisfy the geometry part of the considered boundary conditions,is assumed in advance.By applying the Galerkin procedure both to the governing equations and to the natural boundary conditions not satisfied by the assumed solution functions,an approximate solution,capable of providing a reliable prediction for the global response of the panel,is obtained.Numerical results of antisymmetric angle-ply as well as symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated curved panels are presented and discussed.

Finite element analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates with porosity via a new hyperbolic shear deformation theory

This study focusses on establishing the finite element model based on a new hyperbolic sheareformation theory to investigate the static bending,free vibration,and buckling of the functionally graded sandwich plates with porosity.The novel sandwich plate consists of one homogenous ceramic core and two different functionally graded face sheets which can be widely applied in many fields of engineering and defence technology.The discrete governing equations of motion are carried out via Hamilton’s principle and finite element method.The computation program is coded in MATLAB software and used to study the mechanical behavior of the functionally graded sandwich plate with porosity.The present finite element algorithm can be employed to study the plates with arbitrary shape and boundary conditions.The obtained results are compared with available results in the literature to confirm the reliability of the present algorithm.Also,a comprehensive investigation of the effects of several parameters on the bending,free vibration,and buckling response of functionally graded sandwich plates is presented.The numerical results shows that the distribution of porosity plays significant role on the mechanical behavior of the functionally graded sandwich plates。

Bending and stress analysis of polymeric composite plates reinforced with functionally graded graphene platelets based on sinusoidal shear-deformation plate theory

The bending and stress analysis of a functionally graded polymer composite plate reinforced with graphene platelets are studied in this paper.The governing equations are derived by using principle of virtual work for a plate which is rested on Pasternak’s foundation.Sinusoidal shear deformation theory is used to describe displacement field.Four different distribution patterns are employed in our analysis.The analytical solution is presented for a functionally graded plate to investigate the influence of important parameters.The numerical results are presented to show the deflection and stress results of the problem for four employed patterns in terms of geometric parameters such as number of layers,weight fraction and two parameters of Pasternak’s foundation.

节点域承载力对半刚性钢框架地震易损性影响研究

目的 通过考察节点域承载力变化与地震易损性曲线间的关系,获得半刚性钢框架地震易损性曲线,量化节点域屈服承载力对半刚性钢框架地震易损性的影响。方法 采用OpenSEES抗震分析软件建立以节点域承载力比为主要参数的半刚性钢框架模型,通过地震需求分析和抗震能力分析,绘制不同节点域屈服承载力比(0.5~1.0)对应的半刚性钢框架地震易损性曲线。结果 节点域屈服承载力比的取值为0.7时,半刚性钢框架地震易损性曲线在四种极限状态下均小于其他半刚性钢框架,且形成包络趋势。结论 在水平地震作用下,允许节点域屈服,可显著降低钢框架的失效概率,结构的抗震性能也得到了明显改善;节点域屈服承载力比取0.7时,结构抗震性改善效果最显著。

压电集成石墨烯增强功能梯度多孔板的等几何建模与分析

基于等几何分析方法和一种仅含有4自由度的简化一阶剪切变形理论(simple first-order shear deformation theory,S-FSDT)建立了压电集成石墨烯增强功能梯度多孔(piezoelectric integrated graphene platelets reinforced functionally graded porous,P-GPLs-FGP)板的数值分析模型。利用Halpin-Tsai微观力学模型、闭胞体高斯随机场理论和混合定律得到了石墨烯增强功能梯度多孔板的有效材料属性;基于等几何分析方法、S-FSDT和哈密顿原理推导了P-GPLs-FGP板的运动控制方程,并通过与已有算例对比验证了模型的准确性和有效性;利用所建模型分析了孔隙分布形式、孔隙系数、石墨烯分布形式、石墨烯质量分数、边界条件和宽厚比对P-GPLs-FGP板固有频率和机-电载荷作用下静态弯曲响应的影响。研究结果表明:板的刚度与孔隙系数成反比,而在基体材料中添加少量的石墨烯可以有效地增强结构的刚度;与其他组合形式相比,板的刚度在孔隙PD-S分布和石墨烯GPL-S分布时最大。

基于n阶剪切变形理论的表面梯度脱碳汽车前轴弯曲分析

汽车前轴在热锻和热处理过程中,材料的表面会发生一定深度的脱碳,脱碳层的力学性能随脱碳深度呈梯度变化,影响了前轴在载荷下的弯曲性能。利用分段函数构建两侧表面功能梯度变化、内部性能均匀的简支夹芯梁,根据n阶剪切变形理论研究梁在两点载荷作用下的弯曲行为。利用虚功原理推导出位移场控制方程,采用Navier解析方法得到简支边界条件下梁的弯曲行为,并与相关文献中的实例进行比较。结果表明:n阶剪切变形理论具有良好的精度与可靠性;梁的挠度与转角随脱碳指数k的增大而增大,并于k≈10处达到准稳态;脱碳深度大于5 mm时,脱碳层厚度对梁弯曲时产生应力的影响比梁的高度变化带来的影响更大;两侧脱碳深度不对称时,物理中性面发生迁移;梁的弯曲挠度与转角随梁的厚度、宽度的增大而减小,但梁的厚度变化的影响更大。

Stress and buckling analysis of a thick-walled micro sandwich panel with a flexible foam core and carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTRC) face sheets

In this paper,the stresses and buckling behaviors of a thick-walled mi-cro sandwich panel with a flexible foam core and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)face sheets are considered based on the high-order shear deformation theory(HSDT)and the modified couple stress theory(MCST).The governing equations of equi-librium are obtained based on the total potential energy principle.The effects of various parameters such as the aspect ratio,elastic foundation,temperature changes,and volume fraction of the canbon nanotubes(CNTs)on the critical buckling loads,normal stress,shear stress,and deflection of the thick-walled micro cylindrical sandwich panel consider-ing different distributions of CNTs are examined.The results are compared and validated with other studies,and showing an excellent compatibility.CNTs have become very use-ful and common candidates in sandwich structures,and they have been extensively used in many applications including nanotechnology,aerospace,and micro-structures.This paper also extends further applications of reinforced sandwich panels by providing the modified equations and formulae.

直线往复密封性能影响因素分析

以手动泵密封结构为研究对象,旨在获得直线往复运动过程中的密封性能。基于ANSYS Workbench仿真平台,以接触压力和剪应力为密封失效判定依据,研究预密封过程中剪应力分布规律,分析工作过程中压缩率、流体压力、配合间隙、摩擦系数、材料硬度对密封性能影响,讨论磨损和热变形对失效形式的激励作用。结果表明:预密封过程中,密封圈在高压缩率时从内部出现断裂失效的概率较大;工作状态下,密封圈接触压力呈非对称分布,在高流体压力、大配合间隙、高摩擦系数及低材料硬度时导致间隙挤出,密封圈从挤出部分表面断裂失效;磨损增大泄漏失效风险,热变形增大剪切失效风险,高温增大油膜泄漏量。

A General Model for Analysis of Sound Radiation from Orthogonally Stiffened Laminated Composite Plates

A general theoretical model is developed to investigate the sound radiation from an infinite orthogonally stiffened plate under point excitation force. The plate can be metallic or composite, and fluid loading is also considered in the research. The first order shear deformation theory is used to account for the transverse shear deformation. The motion of the equally spaced stiffeners is examined by considering their bending vibrations and torsional movements. Based on the periodic structure theory and the concepts of the equivalent dynamic flexibility of the plate, the generalized vibro-acoustic equation of the model is obtained by applying the Fourier transform method. The generalized model that can be solved numerically is validated by comparing model predictions with the existing results. Numerical calculations are performed to investigate the effects of the location of the excitation, the spacing of the stiffeners, the plate thickness, the strengthening form and the fiber orientation on the sound radiation characteristic of the orthogonaUy stiffened plate, and some practical conclusions are drawn from these parameter studies.

原位剪切试验在工程滑坡勘察中的应用

岩土体的抗剪强度指标,尤其是作为薄弱层的岩体结构面的抗剪强度,在滑坡稳定分析中起着至关重要的作用。现场原位剪切试验,试样受扰动小,试验状态与岩土体所处真实状态较为吻合,得到的参数也更加真实,是滑坡勘察原位测试的重要手段之一。适用于测定边坡的岩土结构面、岩土接触面、滑动面以及含碎石黏土的混合土层和其他粗颗粒土层的抗剪强度。重庆华宇·观澜华府项目工程滑坡勘察,在现场做原位剪切试验的同时,采集原状样品进行室内直剪试验,获取2种不同试验下的抗剪强度参数,分别取用2种参数对不同工况下的滑坡体进行稳定性分析计算,并与滑坡体的实际变形特征进行比较,从而验证了原位剪切试验确定岩土体抗剪强度参数的合理性,可为类似工程提供参考和借鉴。

Determination of Shear Center of Arbitrary Cross-Section

In structural analysis, it is often necessary to determine the geometrical properties of cross section. The location of the shear center is greater importance for an arbitrary cross section. In this study, the problems of coupled shearing and torsional were analyzed by using the finite element method. Namely, the simultaneous equations with respect to the warping, shear deflection, angle of torsion and Lagrange’s multipliers are derived by finite element approximation. Solving them numerically, the matrix of the shearing rigidity and torsional rigidity is obtained. This matrix indicates the coupled shearing and torsional deflection. The shear center can be obtained determining the coordinate axes so as to eliminate the non-diagonal terms. Several numerical examples are performed and show that the present method gives excellent results for an arbitrary cross section.

Size dependent free vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric micro/nano shell based on modified couple stress theory with considering thickness stretching effect

Higher-order shear and normal deformation theory is used in this paper to account thickness stretching effect for free vibration analysis of the cylindrical micro/nano shell subjected to an applied voltage and uniform temperature rising.Size dependency is included in governing equations based on the modified couple stress theory.Hamilton’s principle is used to derive governing equations of the cylindrical micro/nano shell.Solution procedure is developed using Navier technique for simply-supported boundary conditions.The numerical results are presented to investigate the effect of significant parameters such as some dimensionless geometric parameters,material properties,applied voltages and temperature rising on the free vibration responses.

Measurement of the Deformation of Aluminum Alloys under High Strain Rates Using High Speed Digital Cameras

Aluminum alloys exhibit an attractive combination of mechanical and physical properties such as high stiffness and low density, which favors their utilization in many structural applications. Thus, increasing the structural applications of aluminum alloy is the driving force for the need to adequately understand its deformation and failure mechanisms under various types of dynamic loading conditions. In this study, full field plastic deformation of AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy at high strain-rates under compressive and torsion loads are measured using split Hopkinson compression, torsion Kolsky bars, and a high speed digital image correlation system. The stress-strain curves obtained using the high speed digital cameras are compared with results obtained from the elastic waves in the compression and torsion bars. A post deformation analysis of the specimen also shows strain localization along narrow adiabatic shear bands in the AA6061-T6 alloy.

Study of laser beam scattering by inhomogeneous ensemble of red blood cells in a shear flow

Laser elktacytometry is a technique widely used for measuring the deformability of red blood cells(erythrocytes)in blood samples in vitro.In ektacytometer,a flow of highly diluted suspension of erythrocytes in variable shear stress conditions is iluninated with a laser beam to obtain a diffraction pattern.The diffraction pattern provides information about the shapes(shear induced elongations)of the cells under investigation.This paper is dedicated to developing the technique of laser ektacytometry s0 that it would enable one to measure the distrilbution of the erythrocytes in deformability.We discuss the problem of calibration of laser elktacytometer and test a novel data processing algorithm allowing to determine the parameters of the distribution of ery-throcytes deformability.Experimentally,we examined 12 specimens of blood of rats under the action of 4 shear stresses.Analysis of the data shows that in conditions of a limited range of digitizing the diffraction patterns,the measurement errors for the mean deformability,deform-ability scatter and the skewness of erythrocytes distribution in deformability by our method are respectively 15%,20%and 20%.

基于构件变形的全框支剪力墙结构抗震性能分析

以广州某典型地铁上盖全框支转换项目为基础,参考现行规范中对部分框支剪力墙结构的抗震等级和轴压比限值的要求,设计9个全框支剪力墙结构。通过基于构件变形的抗震性能评估方法,研究该结构体系在大震作用下的性能,并给出全框支剪力墙结构的抗震设计的合理化建议。结果表明:9个全框支剪力墙结构均能满足“小震不坏,大震不倒”的抗震设防要求以及“强转换弱上部”的抗震设计思想;在强震作用下,当转换层上部剪力墙屈服时,转换层及转换层以下部分不屈服,则全框支剪力墙结构的安全性与纯剪力墙结构一样。

长期效应下不同边界钢-混凝土组合梁挠度分析

为了研究长期荷载效应对钢-混凝土组合梁挠度的影响,本文对不同边界钢-混凝土组合梁进行分析。考虑组合梁的剪切变形、层间滑移及剪力滞效应,引入长期荷载下的混凝土收缩徐变作用,运用能量法和变分原理推导出均布荷载作用下不同边界条件的组合梁长期挠度解析解,并通过有限元和试验结果验证了解析解的正确性。通过简支组合梁、固结组合梁和连续组合梁3个算例的挠度分析结果表明:长期荷载作用对组合梁总挠度影响较大,对两跨连续梁尤其显著;除长期荷载影响外,简支组合梁挠度主要受层间滑移作用的影响,两端固结梁挠度主要受剪切变形和层间滑移作用的影响,两跨连续组合梁挠度主要受层间滑移作用的影响;3种不同边界条件的钢-混凝土组合梁挠度受剪力滞效应的影响最小。

Triangle tilt and humeral surgery:Meta-analysis of efficacy and functional outcome

AIM: To systematically review and analyze the overall impact and effectiveness of bony surgical procedures, the triangle tilt and humeral surgery in a comparative manner in permanent obstetric brachial plexus injury(OBPI) patients.METHODS: We conducted a literature search and identified original full research articles of OBPI patients treated with a secondary bony surgery, particularly addressing the limitation of shoulder abduction and functions. Further, we analyzed and compared the efficacy and the surgical outcomes of 9 humeral surgerypapers with 179 patients, and 4 of our secondary bony procedure, the triangle tilt surgical papers with 86 patients. RESULTS: Seven hundred and thirty-one articles were identified, using the search term "brachial plexus" and obstetric or pediatric(246 articles) or neonatal(219 articles) or congenital(188 articles) or "birth palsy"(121 articles). Further, only a few articles were identified using the bony surgery search, osteotomy "brachial plexus" obstetric(35), "humeral osteotomy" and "brachial plexus"(17), and triangle tilt "brachial plexus"(14). Of all, 12 studies reporting pre- and postoperative or improvement in total Mallet functional score were included in this study. Among these, 9 studies reported the humeral surgery and 4 were triangle tilt surgery. We used modified total Mallet functional score in this analysis. Various studies with humeral surgery showed improvement of 1.4, 2.3, 5.0 and 5.6 total Mallet score, whereas the triangle tilt surgery showed improvement of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0 and 6.2.CONCLUSION: The triangle tilt surgery improves on what was achieved by humeral osteotomy in the management of shoulder function in OBPI patients.

盾构隧道变阻滑移锚式接头抗剪性能研究

盾构隧道管片接头是整体衬砌结构的薄弱环节,接缝张开量超限极易导致结构出现不同程度的损伤和破坏。针对盾构隧道环间大变形问题,提出了一种变阻滑移锚式接头,并基于有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了接头-管片三维精细化数值模型,考虑管片厚度、强度、轴力等影响因素对接头-管片结构抗剪性能及破坏机理展开深入研究。结果表明:管片强度对接头-管片结构抗剪刚度及结构损伤影响较小;不同轴力下管片损伤及套杆应力分布情况不一致,随着轴力的逐渐增加,摩擦力增大后会分担一部分剪力,造成管片损伤相应减小,而套杆损伤程度相对增加;管片较薄时难以充分发挥接头力学性能,甚至会在管片内侧表面出现裂缝进而影响衬砌结构安全。该研究成果可为新型接头的设计与加工提供技术参考。

分级加卸载作用下冻结界面黏弹塑性剪切蠕变解耦分析研究

桩-土界面间冻结力及荷载作用下界面的剪切力学行为是决定冻土区桩基础承载性能和荷载传递的关键。由于冰的显著流变性及高含冰量冻土区上限附近厚层地下冰的广泛分布特征,桩基础中上位具有的冰冻结界面剪切蠕变特性对桩基础的承载性能有显著影响。为研究桩冰冻结界面剪切变形特征及其内在机制,开展了-3℃、-5℃下冰-钢管结构分级加卸载剪切蠕变试验。通过对变形曲线的分段独立解耦,分析了冻结界面的黏弹塑性剪切变形行为。结果表明,界面剪切变形可分解为瞬弹性(Sie)、瞬塑性(S_(ip))、黏塑性(S_(vp))以及黏弹性变形(S_(ve))。广义弹性剪切模量随分级荷载的增加逐渐变大,表明加卸载过程中结构未加速破坏前界面存在明显的强化效应。界面剪切蠕变特征随剪应力水平的增加由衰减向非衰减过渡。其中,黏弹性变形和低剪应力水平下黏塑性变形均表现为衰减性,且荷载越大,黏弹性变形越大。高应力水平下黏塑性表现为非衰减性,且变形速率随剪应力水平增加显著提升。整体而言,冻结界面塑性变形值占总累计变形的比例先减小,后增大,其中瞬塑性变形主要存在于应力水平较小的加载阶段。蠕变过程中冻结界面的强化效应可能与剪应力作用下界面接触带压密、负温环境下界面重冻结有关。

薄壁梁剪切挠曲性能解耦分析方法研究

为快速准确地获得薄壁梁的挠曲应力及位移,提出一种考虑各板剪切变形影响的薄壁梁挠曲分析方法。从薄壁板剪应变与位移关系出发,推导出具有明确力学机制的挠曲纵向位移函数;选取剪切变形引起的挠度作为广义位移,通过解耦挠曲性能提出剪切翘曲应力及挠度的一种简化分析方法;基于矩形板条的平面应力解,导出翼板翘曲应力修正系数的表达式;利用中支点的变形连续条件及简化分析理论,提出薄壁连续梁的剪切挠曲简化分析方法。数值算例结果表明,本文方法求得的应力结果与3D FEM结果最大误差在3%以内,挠度最大误差为6%以内,说明所提方法可靠且精度较高;参数分析表明,材料泊松比及板宽比对翼板的翘曲应力影响较大。