It is important to examine the lateral shift rate variation of river banks in different periods. One of the challenges in this regard is how to obtain the shift rate of river banks, as gauging stations are deficient f...It is important to examine the lateral shift rate variation of river banks in different periods. One of the challenges in this regard is how to obtain the shift rate of river banks, as gauging stations are deficient for the study of river reaches. The present study selected the Yinchuan Plain reach of the Yellow River with a length of 196 km as a case study, and searched each point of intersection of 153 cross-sections （interval between two adjacent cross-sections was 1.3 km） and river banks in 1975, 1990, 2010 and 2011, which were plotted according to remote sensing images in those years. Then the shift rates for the points of intersection during 1975-1990, 1990-2010 and 2010-2011 were calculated, as well as the average shift rates for different sections and different periods. The results show that the left bank of the river reach shifts mostly to the right, with the average shift rates being 36.5 m/a, 27.8 m/a and 61.5 m/a in the three periods, respectively. Contemporarily, the right bank shifts mostly to the right in the first period, while it shifts to the left in the second and third periods, with the average shift rates being 31.7 m/a, 23.1 m/a and 50.8 m/a in the three periods, respectively. The average shift rates for the left and right banks during the period 1975-2011 are 22.3 m/a and 14.8 m/a, respectively. The bank shift rates for sections A, B and C are different. The shift rate ratio of the left bank in the three sections is 1：7.6：4.6 for shift to the left and 1：1.7：3.8 for shift to the right, while that of the right bank is 1：1.8：1.2 for shift to the left and 1：5.6：17.7 for shift to the right during the period 1975-2011. Obviously, the average shift rate is the least in section A, while it is maximum in section B for shift to the left and in section C for shift to the right. The temporal variation of the shift rate is influenced by human activities while the spatial variation is controlled by the local difference in bank materials.展开更多
本文设计了一个多输入单输出(Multiple-Input Single-Output,MISO)的三维室内可见光定位通信一体化(Visible Light Position and Communication,VLPC)系统,该系统在接收端基于接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength,RSS)的三维可见光定...本文设计了一个多输入单输出(Multiple-Input Single-Output,MISO)的三维室内可见光定位通信一体化(Visible Light Position and Communication,VLPC)系统,该系统在接收端基于接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength,RSS)的三维可见光定位(Visible Light Position,VLP)算法获得定位数据,同时估计信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)并上传给发射端进行定向通信.该系统的发射端基于空移键控(Space Shift Keying,SSK)的室内可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)技术实现系统的通信功能.另外,本方案可以完全避免通信与定位子系统之间的干扰.同时,通过推导定位误差的克拉美罗下界(Cramér-Rao Lower Bound,CRLB)和SSK-VLC的通信可达速率来评估本文提出的VLPC系统的性能.仿真结果验证了本文所提方案的有效性.展开更多
“双高”电力系统对实时仿真算法的计算效率提出了更高的要求,采用单一的仿真算法往往难以兼顾计算效率与仿真精度。为解决这一问题,提出了一种混合使用移频分析(shifted frequency analysis,SFA)与传统电磁暂态(electromagnetic transi...“双高”电力系统对实时仿真算法的计算效率提出了更高的要求,采用单一的仿真算法往往难以兼顾计算效率与仿真精度。为解决这一问题,提出了一种混合使用移频分析(shifted frequency analysis,SFA)与传统电磁暂态(electromagnetic transients program,EMTP)方法的多速率实时仿真方案,并对子系统的接口算法进行了改进。首先,充分发挥SFA方法的高效性优势,建立了在移频相量下联立子系统诺顿等效电路的SFA-EMTP混合仿真框架。随后,从减少计算量的角度出发,提出了一种滑窗离散傅里叶变换与三相坐标变换相结合的解析信号构造方法。进而,为兼顾计算的实时性与仿真精度,提出了一种开关状态更新时刻与仿真节点错位的多速率仿真计算时序。最后,对含分布式电源接入的配电网算例采用所提算法与其他多种算法进行仿真,并将仿真结果与PSCAD(Power Systems Computer Aided Design)的离线仿真结果进行对比,验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性。展开更多
The analysis is based on the error rate and the secure communication rate as functions of distance for three quantum-key-distribution （QKD） protocols： the Bennett-Brassard 1984, the Bennett Brassard Mermin 1992, an...The analysis is based on the error rate and the secure communication rate as functions of distance for three quantum-key-distribution （QKD） protocols： the Bennett-Brassard 1984, the Bennett Brassard Mermin 1992, and the coherent differential-phase-shift keying （DPSK） protocols. We consider the secure communication rate of the DPSK protocol against an arbitrary individual attack, including the most commonly considered intercept-resend and photonnumber splitting attacks, and concluded that the simple and efficient differential-phase-shift-keying protocol allows for more than 200 km of secure communication distance with high communication rates.展开更多
Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK syste...Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK system can be improved effectively.In this paper,considering imperfect channel information,the performance of cooperative SSK system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol is investigated,and the effect of estimation error on the performance is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,the probability density function and moment generating function of effective signal-to-noise ratio are derived,respectively.Using these results,the closed-form expression of average bit error rate (BER) can be achieved.Meanwhile,the asymptotically approximated BER and the corresponding diversity order analysis are presented for the performance evaluation.By computer simulations,the validness of the presented theoretical analysis is verified,and the theoretical BERs with different estimation errors are shown to be close to those of the corresponding simulations.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle...<strong>Background:</strong> There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle. <strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the differences in male climacteric symptoms depending on the number of working years and to determine whether lifestyle habits differ depending on the number of working years in rotating shift workers. <strong>Methods:</strong> We collected participant’s data from the manufacturing companies in Japan during the period from March to May in 2017. We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey in 1561 male rotating night shift workers. Male climacteric symptoms were evaluated by using the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) rating scale. We analyzed 636 rotating shift workers aged over 40 years old whose all AMS data was collected. <strong>Results:</strong> A significant difference in psychological AMS score was found between men who had worked for 10 - 19 years (9.4 ± 3.9) and men who had worked for more than 40 years (7.6 ± 3.0) (p = 0.011). Sexual functional AMS score significantly differed depending on the number of working years (less than 10 years: 8.1 ± 3.9, 10 - 19 years: 9.8 ± 4.1, 20 - 29 years: 7.9 ± 3.3, 30 - 39 years: 9.3 ± 3.5, more than 40 years: 9.3 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001). The proportion of workers with a balanced meal intake was significantly lower in men who had worked for less than 10 years and the proportions of such workers were significantly higher in men who had worked for 10 - 19 years and for more than 40 years. The proportions of men who did not drink alcohol were high in men who had worked for less than 10 years and 20 - 29 years and low in men who had worked more than 30 years. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological AMS score and sexual functional AMS score are significantly different among the 5 groups according to the number of working years on rotating shift. In addition, well-balanced diet on day shift and reduction of alcohol drinking is a related-factor for long-term rotating night shift workers.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41271027 National Basic Research Program of China, No. 2011CB403305
文摘It is important to examine the lateral shift rate variation of river banks in different periods. One of the challenges in this regard is how to obtain the shift rate of river banks, as gauging stations are deficient for the study of river reaches. The present study selected the Yinchuan Plain reach of the Yellow River with a length of 196 km as a case study, and searched each point of intersection of 153 cross-sections （interval between two adjacent cross-sections was 1.3 km） and river banks in 1975, 1990, 2010 and 2011, which were plotted according to remote sensing images in those years. Then the shift rates for the points of intersection during 1975-1990, 1990-2010 and 2010-2011 were calculated, as well as the average shift rates for different sections and different periods. The results show that the left bank of the river reach shifts mostly to the right, with the average shift rates being 36.5 m/a, 27.8 m/a and 61.5 m/a in the three periods, respectively. Contemporarily, the right bank shifts mostly to the right in the first period, while it shifts to the left in the second and third periods, with the average shift rates being 31.7 m/a, 23.1 m/a and 50.8 m/a in the three periods, respectively. The average shift rates for the left and right banks during the period 1975-2011 are 22.3 m/a and 14.8 m/a, respectively. The bank shift rates for sections A, B and C are different. The shift rate ratio of the left bank in the three sections is 1：7.6：4.6 for shift to the left and 1：1.7：3.8 for shift to the right, while that of the right bank is 1：1.8：1.2 for shift to the left and 1：5.6：17.7 for shift to the right during the period 1975-2011. Obviously, the average shift rate is the least in section A, while it is maximum in section B for shift to the left and in section C for shift to the right. The temporal variation of the shift rate is influenced by human activities while the spatial variation is controlled by the local difference in bank materials.
文摘本文设计了一个多输入单输出(Multiple-Input Single-Output,MISO)的三维室内可见光定位通信一体化(Visible Light Position and Communication,VLPC)系统,该系统在接收端基于接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength,RSS)的三维可见光定位(Visible Light Position,VLP)算法获得定位数据,同时估计信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)并上传给发射端进行定向通信.该系统的发射端基于空移键控(Space Shift Keying,SSK)的室内可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)技术实现系统的通信功能.另外,本方案可以完全避免通信与定位子系统之间的干扰.同时,通过推导定位误差的克拉美罗下界(Cramér-Rao Lower Bound,CRLB)和SSK-VLC的通信可达速率来评估本文提出的VLPC系统的性能.仿真结果验证了本文所提方案的有效性.
文摘“双高”电力系统对实时仿真算法的计算效率提出了更高的要求,采用单一的仿真算法往往难以兼顾计算效率与仿真精度。为解决这一问题,提出了一种混合使用移频分析(shifted frequency analysis,SFA)与传统电磁暂态(electromagnetic transients program,EMTP)方法的多速率实时仿真方案,并对子系统的接口算法进行了改进。首先,充分发挥SFA方法的高效性优势,建立了在移频相量下联立子系统诺顿等效电路的SFA-EMTP混合仿真框架。随后,从减少计算量的角度出发,提出了一种滑窗离散傅里叶变换与三相坐标变换相结合的解析信号构造方法。进而,为兼顾计算的实时性与仿真精度,提出了一种开关状态更新时刻与仿真节点错位的多速率仿真计算时序。最后,对含分布式电源接入的配电网算例采用所提算法与其他多种算法进行仿真,并将仿真结果与PSCAD(Power Systems Computer Aided Design)的离线仿真结果进行对比,验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,China (Grant No XK100130837)
文摘The analysis is based on the error rate and the secure communication rate as functions of distance for three quantum-key-distribution （QKD） protocols： the Bennett-Brassard 1984, the Bennett Brassard Mermin 1992, and the coherent differential-phase-shift keying （DPSK） protocols. We consider the secure communication rate of the DPSK protocol against an arbitrary individual attack, including the most commonly considered intercept-resend and photonnumber splitting attacks, and concluded that the simple and efficient differential-phase-shift-keying protocol allows for more than 200 km of secure communication distance with high communication rates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61601220,61172077)the Foundation of Graduate Innovation Center in NUAA (No. kfjj20170410)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory of Southeast University(No.2017D03)the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province(No.2015-DZXX-007)
文摘Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK system can be improved effectively.In this paper,considering imperfect channel information,the performance of cooperative SSK system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol is investigated,and the effect of estimation error on the performance is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,the probability density function and moment generating function of effective signal-to-noise ratio are derived,respectively.Using these results,the closed-form expression of average bit error rate (BER) can be achieved.Meanwhile,the asymptotically approximated BER and the corresponding diversity order analysis are presented for the performance evaluation.By computer simulations,the validness of the presented theoretical analysis is verified,and the theoretical BERs with different estimation errors are shown to be close to those of the corresponding simulations.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle. <strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the differences in male climacteric symptoms depending on the number of working years and to determine whether lifestyle habits differ depending on the number of working years in rotating shift workers. <strong>Methods:</strong> We collected participant’s data from the manufacturing companies in Japan during the period from March to May in 2017. We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey in 1561 male rotating night shift workers. Male climacteric symptoms were evaluated by using the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) rating scale. We analyzed 636 rotating shift workers aged over 40 years old whose all AMS data was collected. <strong>Results:</strong> A significant difference in psychological AMS score was found between men who had worked for 10 - 19 years (9.4 ± 3.9) and men who had worked for more than 40 years (7.6 ± 3.0) (p = 0.011). Sexual functional AMS score significantly differed depending on the number of working years (less than 10 years: 8.1 ± 3.9, 10 - 19 years: 9.8 ± 4.1, 20 - 29 years: 7.9 ± 3.3, 30 - 39 years: 9.3 ± 3.5, more than 40 years: 9.3 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001). The proportion of workers with a balanced meal intake was significantly lower in men who had worked for less than 10 years and the proportions of such workers were significantly higher in men who had worked for 10 - 19 years and for more than 40 years. The proportions of men who did not drink alcohol were high in men who had worked for less than 10 years and 20 - 29 years and low in men who had worked more than 30 years. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological AMS score and sexual functional AMS score are significantly different among the 5 groups according to the number of working years on rotating shift. In addition, well-balanced diet on day shift and reduction of alcohol drinking is a related-factor for long-term rotating night shift workers.
