Since the New China, the nation’s ports have been under the centralized control and development program of the Ministry of Traffic, with a separate shipping line. With the growth of the national economy and foreign t...Since the New China, the nation’s ports have been under the centralized control and development program of the Ministry of Traffic, with a separate shipping line. With the growth of the national economy and foreign trade after reform and opening to the outside world, it has become more evident that construction of coastal ports has lagged behind. To catch up, China is opening展开更多
Ⅰ. Review the past of 1994 international shiPPing market: 1994 saw world economy begin a new cycle of boom. The economy of the West was on the way to a complete recovery, and that of East Asia was keeping up its stea...Ⅰ. Review the past of 1994 international shiPPing market: 1994 saw world economy begin a new cycle of boom. The economy of the West was on the way to a complete recovery, and that of East Asia was keeping up its steady growth. ACCOFding to the estimation 0f International Monetary Fund, the 1994 growth rate of world economy was 3% and that of world—trade volume was about 5%. Thanks to these factors, the international shipping market had also Undergone considerable changes. 1. In 1994,world dry—bulk shipping market first sagged and thenstiffened. Affected by the negative growth of展开更多
欧盟委员会提出了“Fit for 55”草案,以市场机制的措施应对欧盟区内航运业的减排目标。为评估今后船舶在欧盟区内需要缴纳的碳税及罚金,该文讨论了欧盟税费的组成及影响因素,提出3种降低欧盟税费的措施,并以大型集装箱船为研究对象,分...欧盟委员会提出了“Fit for 55”草案,以市场机制的措施应对欧盟区内航运业的减排目标。为评估今后船舶在欧盟区内需要缴纳的碳税及罚金,该文讨论了欧盟税费的组成及影响因素,提出3种降低欧盟税费的措施,并以大型集装箱船为研究对象,分别对3种措施进行了对比分析。研究表明:使用低碳或零碳燃料是未来降低碳排放的趋势。展开更多
文摘Since the New China, the nation’s ports have been under the centralized control and development program of the Ministry of Traffic, with a separate shipping line. With the growth of the national economy and foreign trade after reform and opening to the outside world, it has become more evident that construction of coastal ports has lagged behind. To catch up, China is opening
文摘Ⅰ. Review the past of 1994 international shiPPing market: 1994 saw world economy begin a new cycle of boom. The economy of the West was on the way to a complete recovery, and that of East Asia was keeping up its steady growth. ACCOFding to the estimation 0f International Monetary Fund, the 1994 growth rate of world economy was 3% and that of world—trade volume was about 5%. Thanks to these factors, the international shipping market had also Undergone considerable changes. 1. In 1994,world dry—bulk shipping market first sagged and thenstiffened. Affected by the negative growth of
文摘欧盟委员会提出了“Fit for 55”草案,以市场机制的措施应对欧盟区内航运业的减排目标。为评估今后船舶在欧盟区内需要缴纳的碳税及罚金,该文讨论了欧盟税费的组成及影响因素,提出3种降低欧盟税费的措施,并以大型集装箱船为研究对象,分别对3种措施进行了对比分析。研究表明:使用低碳或零碳燃料是未来降低碳排放的趋势。