Decoding RoPax Ship Capsizes and Development of an ISO Ship Safety Standard

Marine accidents often result in significant losses of human life, environmental damage, and property destruction. Additionally, ships and offshore plants are large-scale and complex systems, making safety assessments challenging. However, the advent of onboard electronic systems has made it possible to monitor and respond more effectively. These new technologies can enhance safety levels while reducing the workload on crews. In this paper, authors analyze recent accidents involving ships with high structures above the water, such as car carriers or RoPax vessels, and propose preventive safety indicators to help prevent similar accidents from recurring.

Unmanned Ship Identification Based on Improved YOLOv8s Algorithm

Aiming at defects such as low contrast in infrared ship images,uneven distribution of ship size,and lack of texture details,which will lead to unmanned ship leakage misdetection and slow detection,this paper proposes an infrared ship detection model based on the improved YOLOv8 algorithm(R_YOLO).The algorithm incorporates the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention mechanism(EMA),the efficient Reparameterized Generalized-feature extraction module(CSPStage),the small target detection header,the Repulsion Loss function,and the context aggregation block(CABlock),which are designed to improve the model’s ability to detect targets at multiple scales and the speed of model inference.The algorithm is validated in detail on two vessel datasets.The comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that,in the infrared dataset,the YOLOv8s algorithm exhibits improvements in various performance metrics.Specifically,compared to the baseline algorithm,there is a 3.1%increase in mean average precision at a threshold of 0.5(mAP(0.5)),a 5.4%increase in recall rate,and a 2.2%increase in mAP(0.5:0.95).Simultaneously,while less than 5 times parameters,the mAP(0.5)and frames per second(FPS)exhibit an increase of 1.7%and more than 3 times,respectively,compared to the CAA_YOLO algorithm.Finally,the evaluation indexes on the visible light data set have shown an average improvement of 4.5%.

Capsizing Probability of Dead Ship Stability in Beam Wind and Wave for Damaged Ship

The International Maritime Organization has developed the second-generation intact stability criteria. Thus, damage stability criteria can be established in the future. In order to identity the capsizing probability of damaged ship under dead ship condition, this paper investigates two methods that can be used to research the capsizing probability in time domain, which mainly focus on the nonlinear righting lever GZ curve solution. One method subjects the influence of damaged tanks on the hull shape down to the wind and wave, and the other method is consistent with the real-time calculation of the GZ curve. On the basis of one degree of freedom rolling equation, the solution is Monte Carlo method, and a damaged fishery bureau vessel is taken as a sample ship. In addition, the results of the time-domain capsizing probability under different loading conditions are compared and analyzed. The relation of GM and heeling angle with the capsizing probability is investigated, and its possible reason is analyzed. On the basis of combining the time-domain flooding process with the capsizing probability calculation, this research aims to lay the foundation for the study of capsizing probability in time domain under dead ship condition, as well as provide technical support for capsizing mechanism of dead ship stability and damage stability criteria establishment in waves.

海浪扰动下电液3-UPS/S舰船并联稳定平台振动特性分析

针对电液驱动的舰船并联稳定平台在实际工况下的振动问题,以电液3-UPS/S舰船并联稳定平台为研究对象,在考虑铰链刚度的基础上应用虚功原理建立稳定平台的动力学模型;通过海浪谱函数,计算了随机海浪激励下船舶的运动响应,进而得到稳定平台跟踪舰船运动的响应规律;分析了稳定平台在随机海浪激励条件下和初始工作空间内的固有频率变化特性;最后,为验证动力学模型的正确性,采用脉冲激励法对稳定平台样机进行模态试验,固有频率理论值与试验值的最大误差为4.66%,可以验证动力学模型的正确性。

洋山港VTS报告船舶流的统计特性

为分析某水域船舶流特征和运行规律,量化研究船舶流到港规律,为港口营运和船舶交通管理(vessel traffic services, VTS)提供数据支持,以洋山港水域2020年66 d内连续的1387条VTS实测船舶流记录数据为统计样本,基于矩估计理论的K-S检验和χ^(2)检验,从拟合最优的角度对船舶到港情况进行参数估计。结果表明,洋山港水域VTS报告的船舶在8、9月的船舶流样本服从正态分布,7月船舶流样本不服从泊松分布和正态分布,证明船舶流的分布特征随环境和时间因素变化显著,仅采用泊松分布或正态分布并不能全面描述水域交通流特征。相关研究结论可为船舶流特征分析、通航调度等相关研究提供借鉴和参考。

The Applicability of Hydrofoils as a Ship Control Device

Centrifugal forces are commonly created when ships turn, which may cause a ship to capsize in a critical situation. A mathematical model has been developed to optimize the stability coefficients for ship, with the aim to prevent capsizing and to increase ship maneuverability in high-speed water craft. This model can be used to develop algorithms for control system improvement. The mathematical model presented in this paper optimized the use of multipurpose hydrofoils to reduce heeling and the trimming moment, maintaining an upright ship’s position and lessening the resistance via transverse force. Conventionally, the trimming and heeling of a ship are controlled using ballast water;however, under variable sea conditions it is sometimes difficult to control a ship’s motion using ballast water. In this case, a hydrofoil would be more stable and maneuverable than a ballast tank controlled vessel. A movable hydrofoil could theoretically be adapted from moveable aerofoil technology. This study proves the merit of further investigation into this possibility.

A Non-geometrically Similar Model for Predicting the Wake Field of Full-scale Ships

The scale effect leads to large discrepancies between the wake fields of model-scale and actual ships, and causes differences in cavitation performance and exciting forces tests in predicting the performance of actual ships. Therefore, when test data from ship models are directly applied to predict the performance of actual ships, test results must be subjected to empirical corrections. This study proposes a method for the reverse design of the hull model. Compared to a geometrically similar hull model, the wake field generated by the modified model is closer to that of an actual ship. A non-geometrically similar model of a Korean Research Institute of Ship and Ocean Engineering （KRISO）’s container ship （KCS） was designed. Numerical simulations were performed using this model, and its results were compared with full-scale calculation results. The deformation method of getting the wake field of full-scale ships by the non-geometrically similar model is applied to the KCS successfully.

Experimental Investigation of the Decay from A Ship’s Propeller

In the present study, an experimental investigation of the decay of the maximum velocity and its turbulent characteristics behind a ship propeller, in ＂bollard pull＂ condition （zero speed of advance）, is reported. Velocity measurements were performed in laboratory by use of a Laser Doppler Anemometry （LDA） measurement system. Earlier researchers described that the maximum axial velocity is constant at the initial stage of a ship＇s propeller jet （Fuehrer and Romisch, 1977; Blaauw and van de Kaa, 1978; Berger et al, 1981; Verhey, 1983） as reported in a pure water jet （Albertson et al., 1950; Lee et al., 2002; Dai, 2005）, but a number of researchers disagreed with the constant velocity assumption. The present study found that the maximum axial velocity decays in the zone of flow establishment and the zone of established flow with different rates. The investigation provides an insight into the decays of both the maximum velocity and the maximum turbulent fluctuation in axial, tangential and radial components and the decay of the maximum turbulent kinetic energy. Empirical equations are proposed to allow coastal engineers to estimate the jet characteristics from a ship＇s propeller.

Fuzzy Optimal Control Design for Ship Steering

This paper presents a method to design a control scheme for nonlinear systems using fuzzy optimal control.In the design process,the nonlinear system is first converted into local subsystems using sector non linearity approach of Takagi Sugeno(T S)fuzzy modeling.For each local subsystem,an optimal control is designed.Then,the parameters of local controllers are defuzzified to construct a global optimal controller.To prove the effectiveness of this control scheme,simulations are performed using the mathematical model of Esso Osaka tanker ship for set point regulation with and without disturbance and reference tracking.In addition,the simulation results are compared with that of a PID controller for further verification and validation.It has been shown that the proposed optimal controller can be used for the nonlinear ship steering with good rise time,zero steady state error and fast settling time.

Powership＇s Identity and MARPOL Convention Application

The concept, although it is not new, came to surface in the last ten years with significant technological improvement and became a temporary solution for the port cities where the supply of electricity is in need. A ship shaped floatable structure with a huge power generator on board becomes the temporary but effective solution. However, these converted ex-ships are still legally ships in order to admit them sufficiently within the scope of a leading convention, which applies to marine and air pollution from ships. This issue needs research on the legal definition of the ＂ship＂ to clarify if it is a ship and to determine whether that would also fall within the concept of MARPOL.

Calculate Thermal Infrared Intensity of the Hull’s Military Ship

Stealth technology emphasizes on the reduction in reflection and radiation energies, the surface of target's body in the range of visual, radar, thermal and near IR and so on. Providing solutions to reduce thermal IR intensity radiation is one of the appropriate actions in passive defense for identifying power and targeting enemy. Therefore, questions are brought up: How much is the thermal IR intensity radiation of surface of the hall’s vessel? How much is the effect of each parameter? This thesis tries to provide the software to answer these questions. The provided software measures thermal IR intensity radiation of the surface of the hall’s vessel by the material substance, the temperature of the surface of the hall’s vessel, the situation and characteristic of the thermal detector, noticing the coefficient of environment atmospheric transmittal. This software by changing the effective parameters on thermal IR radiation calculates the thermal radiation on thermal detector in different situations.

China's Shipping Market

Since the New China, the nation’s ports have been under the centralized control and development program of the Ministry of Traffic, with a separate shipping line. With the growth of the national economy and foreign trade after reform and opening to the outside world, it has become more evident that construction of coastal ports has lagged behind. To catch up, China is opening

A Full Mission Simulator of the Ship＇s Automated Electric Power System for Training and Competence Testing of Marine Engineers

This article describes practical preparation of marine engineers on the full mission simulator complex of the ship＇s automated electrical power plant. A full mission simulator complex of the ship＇s automated power management system meets International Convention STCW （Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping） 78 （with Manila amendments 2010） requirements in part of adequate reproduction of its operational modes corresponding to the actual configuration and layout of the ship＇s automated power management system with real consumers and typical loads. The simulator is fully consistent with the goals and objectives of the practical training, as well as the goals and objectives of proficiency testing engine department officers on issues of technical maintenance of real ship＇s equipment （high voltage installations included） and means of automation. The simulator＇s complex is designed for training and proficiency testing of cadets and students of maritime educational institutions, as well as training and proficiency testing of marine specialists （mechanics and electricians） by watch-keeping and maintenance of modem integrated automated control systems of ship＇s electric power plant and the individual ship electromechanical systems, including high-voltage systems. A simulator＇s complex provides adequate reproduction of operational situations on technical side of real ship electric and automation equipment provides training on monitoring, control and management diesel-generator sets in hand, semi-automatic and automatic modes of power station, control and management of electromechanical systems, as well as the set of tasks upon parameterization, visualization and etc. Besides number of combinations of monitoring, control and management tasks, the simulator＇s complex provides an opportunity to simulate various practical fault conditions. It allows students to focus on the work of automatic control system in emergency situations and to work out correct actions for a watch-keeper on searching, localizing of faults and troubleshooting of equipment.

Shipping Giant Launches New Line between Tianjin,U.S East Coast

The Grand Alliance group, one of the world＇s shipping giants, has launched a new route betweennorth China＇s port city of Tianjin and the U.S. east coast.

Granny's Ship

Throughout~*the Depression years^1,mybrothers,sisters and I often heard our grannysay,“One of these days,my ship is comingin.”Of course Granny s ship was just a~*dream—her escape from the reality of beingpoor^2 most of her life.But to us it was veryreal.~*Our family got by with the barest of ne-cessities;there rarely was enough left over forspecial desires.~3 So if we wished for

和平海运与HACHIMAN SHIPPING S.A.等船舶碰撞损害赔偿纠纷案

一、当事人名称 原告汕头市和平海运有限公司. 被告HACHIMAN SHIPPING S.A.. 被告DORVAL KAIUN K.K.. 二、当事人诉辨 原告汕头市和平海运有限公司诉称,2000年7月3日,原告所属"和平"轮在长江口水域正常出口航行时,相向行驶的被告所属"金亚马"轮突然违章穿越航道,在"和平"轮的正常水道上碰撞了"和平"轮的首部,造成船艏左舷严重受损,原告营运被迫中止,损失达90万元人民币.原告认为,本起事故是由于"金亚马"轮违章航行穿越航道避让措施严重不当所致,被告对此应负90%的责任.据此,原告向本院起诉,请求判令两被告赔偿原告经济损失人民币81万元及利息,并承担诉讼费用及律师费用.

The Cradle of China's First Class Seafarers:Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College——by Lin Jinhe,President of Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College

Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College is a College subordinate to China Ocean Shipping (Group) Company under the Ministry of Communications. In our college there are the Department of Marine Navigation,Department of Marine Engineering, Department of Shipping Management and Department of Foreign Languages, offering speciahies of Marine Navigation, Marine Engine Control, Marine Electrical Equipment Control, Marine Radio Communication, International Shipping Management and International Finance and Accounting. We have 3 types of education: the education of formal college schooling, the training for implementation of the 95 revised STCW Convention and the continuation education. Meanwhile we undertake different training of COSCO’s contracted seafarers overseas and other managerial per-

REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING REGISTRATION OF SHIPS

Chapter Ⅴ Registration of Bareboat Charter Article 25 In any of the following cases,the shipowner and the charterer shall apply for the registration of barehoat charter: a. A ship of Chinese nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; b. A ship of foreign nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; c. A ship of Chinese nationality

REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING REGISTRATION OF SHIPS

Chapter Ⅲ Nationality of Ships Article 15 A shipowner applying for the nationality of a ship shall, in addition to the Certificate of Registration of Ship’s Ownership, submit the following docu-ments according to the ship’s navigation zone: 1. For ships engaged in international voyages, the valid technical documents of the ship issued by an authorized organization for survey of ships in accordance with

30 m宽隧洞内万吨级货船拖曳通航船周水位分布特性试验研究

通航隧洞作为穿越山体的隐蔽航道,对于隧洞通航水力条件而言,水位则是影响超限性航道通航的关键因素。为探究货船在通航隧洞内拖曳航行时船周水位变化规律及由水位变化引起的航行水力特性。建立了1:40包含隧洞及隧洞顶部船舶拖曳装置物理模型试验系统,开展了不同水深工况下5级拖曳速度物理试验,重点探讨了2倍船长范围内船前后水位变化情况、影响水位波动的因素以及船舶纵倾角度变化。研究结果表明:拖曳速度的增加导致船前水位升高和船后水位下降,但在适度拖曳速度范围内(0.5~1.5 m/s),水位变化较小,提高通航的安全性;增加隧道水深可减小船前水位升高和船后水位下降的幅度,尤其在水深6~8 m范围内,水位变化较小,改善通航条件;随着拖曳速度的增加,船舶的纵倾角度增大,而随着隧道水深的增加,纵倾角度减小,适度控制拖曳速度在水深6~8 m的范围内有助于减小船体的纵倾角度,提高通航的稳定性和安全性。研究结果可为通航隧道船舶拖曳通航关键技术提供重要的参考和借鉴。