BACKGROUND:Hypothermia is associated with poor outcome in trauma patients;however,hemorrhagic shock(HS)model with anesthetized swine was different from that of clinical reality.To identify the effects of environmental...BACKGROUND:Hypothermia is associated with poor outcome in trauma patients;however,hemorrhagic shock(HS)model with anesthetized swine was different from that of clinical reality.To identify the effects of environmental hypothermia on HS,we investigated hemodynamics and oxygen dynamics in an unanesthetized swine model of HS under simulating hypothermia environment.METHODS:Totally 16 Bama pigs were randomly divided into ambient temperature group(group A)and low temperature group(group B),8 pigs in each group.Venous blood(30 mL/kg)was continuously withdrawn for more than 15 minutes in conscious swine to establish a hemorrhagic shock model.Pulmonary arterial temperature(Tp),heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP),pulmonary arterial wedge pressure(PAWP),central venous pressure(CVP),cardiac output(CO),hemoglobin(Hb),saturation of mixed venous blood(SvO_2)and blood gas analysis were recorded at the baseline and different hemorrhagic shock time(HST).The whole body oxygen delivery indices,DO_2l and VO_2l,and the O_2 extraction ratio(O_2ER)were calculated.RESULTS:Core body temperature in group A decreased slightly after the hemorrhagic shock model was established,and environmental hypothermia decreased in core body temperature.The mortality rate was significantly higher in group B(50%)than in group A(0%).DO_2l and VO_2l decreased significantly after hemorrhage.No difference was found in hemodynamics,DO_2l and VO_2l between group A and group B,but the difference in pH,lactic acid and O_2ER was significant between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Environmental hypothermia aggravated the disorder of oxygen metabolism after hemorrhagic shock,which was associated with poor prognosis.展开更多
The effect of thermal shock, in an accelerated-corrosion environment spectrum, on the fatigue and corrosion behavior of 7B04-T6 aluminum alloy, was determined. The environment spectrum consists of two modules, namely...The effect of thermal shock, in an accelerated-corrosion environment spectrum, on the fatigue and corrosion behavior of 7B04-T6 aluminum alloy, was determined. The environment spectrum consists of two modules, namely： salt-spray corrosion and thermal shock. The effect of thermal shock on the mechanical properties was determined via tensile tests; SEM, DCS, and XRD were used to determine the effect of thermal shock on the corrosion products. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the products was ascertained through electrochemical testing. The results show that the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the aluminum alloy will decline with prolonged thermal shock time. The thermal shock process may result in denser surface corrosion products than those formed on the no thermal shock specimens, and transformation of some Al（OH）_3 into Al OOH. Al OOH may have resulted in improved corrosion resistance and hence a lower decrease in the fatigue life after corrosion, compared with that of the no thermal shock specimen. Repeated corrosion/thermal shock may have delayed further decease in the fatigue life. Therefore, selection of an appropriate equivalent thermal shock temperature and time was essential for designing the environmental spectrum.展开更多
The westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidental＆ （Pergande） is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock prot...The westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidental＆ （Pergande） is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein （HSP） genes （Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9） were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved fimction of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. The expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs： one is from 0 to 4℃ and the other is around -8℃. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from 11th Five-Year Plan Medical Science Scientific Research Fund of the Chinese People's Liberation Army(08G002)
文摘BACKGROUND:Hypothermia is associated with poor outcome in trauma patients;however,hemorrhagic shock(HS)model with anesthetized swine was different from that of clinical reality.To identify the effects of environmental hypothermia on HS,we investigated hemodynamics and oxygen dynamics in an unanesthetized swine model of HS under simulating hypothermia environment.METHODS:Totally 16 Bama pigs were randomly divided into ambient temperature group(group A)and low temperature group(group B),8 pigs in each group.Venous blood(30 mL/kg)was continuously withdrawn for more than 15 minutes in conscious swine to establish a hemorrhagic shock model.Pulmonary arterial temperature(Tp),heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP),pulmonary arterial wedge pressure(PAWP),central venous pressure(CVP),cardiac output(CO),hemoglobin(Hb),saturation of mixed venous blood(SvO_2)and blood gas analysis were recorded at the baseline and different hemorrhagic shock time(HST).The whole body oxygen delivery indices,DO_2l and VO_2l,and the O_2 extraction ratio(O_2ER)were calculated.RESULTS:Core body temperature in group A decreased slightly after the hemorrhagic shock model was established,and environmental hypothermia decreased in core body temperature.The mortality rate was significantly higher in group B(50%)than in group A(0%).DO_2l and VO_2l decreased significantly after hemorrhage.No difference was found in hemodynamics,DO_2l and VO_2l between group A and group B,but the difference in pH,lactic acid and O_2ER was significant between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Environmental hypothermia aggravated the disorder of oxygen metabolism after hemorrhagic shock,which was associated with poor prognosis.
文摘The effect of thermal shock, in an accelerated-corrosion environment spectrum, on the fatigue and corrosion behavior of 7B04-T6 aluminum alloy, was determined. The environment spectrum consists of two modules, namely： salt-spray corrosion and thermal shock. The effect of thermal shock on the mechanical properties was determined via tensile tests; SEM, DCS, and XRD were used to determine the effect of thermal shock on the corrosion products. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the products was ascertained through electrochemical testing. The results show that the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the aluminum alloy will decline with prolonged thermal shock time. The thermal shock process may result in denser surface corrosion products than those formed on the no thermal shock specimens, and transformation of some Al（OH）_3 into Al OOH. Al OOH may have resulted in improved corrosion resistance and hence a lower decrease in the fatigue life after corrosion, compared with that of the no thermal shock specimen. Repeated corrosion/thermal shock may have delayed further decease in the fatigue life. Therefore, selection of an appropriate equivalent thermal shock temperature and time was essential for designing the environmental spectrum.
基金partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201526)the National 973 Program of China(2009CB119000)+1 种基金the Earmarked Fund for Modern AgroIndustry Technology Research System(CARS-25-B-07)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(20090332)
文摘The westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidental＆ （Pergande） is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein （HSP） genes （Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9） were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved fimction of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. The expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs： one is from 0 to 4℃ and the other is around -8℃. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis.
