Under the assumption of sixth power large.sieve mean-value of Dirichlet L-function, we improve Bombieri＇s theorem in short intervals by virtue of the large sieve method and Heath-Brown＇s identity.
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a less invasive cancer treatment using photochemical reactions induced by light irradiation to a photosensitizer (PS). Highly selective PDT with fast accumulation of the PS in...Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a less invasive cancer treatment using photochemical reactions induced by light irradiation to a photosensitizer (PS). Highly selective PDT with fast accumulation of the PS in target site might be a promising treatment option for drug-resistant prostate cancer facing high incidence rate of elderly men who have no effective treatment options and require a minimally invasive treatment. Hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) allows selective and fast drug delivery to the drug-resistant prostate cancer cells via rapid cell membrane fusion. PS named porphyrus envelope (PE) has been developed by insertion of lipidated protoporphyrin IX (PpIX lipid) into HVJ-E. In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions for PE preparation and laser irradiation for highly selective PDT using PE with a short drug-light interval. Materials and Methods: Human hormon refractory prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and human normal prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 were cultured. PpIX lipid uptake and cytotoxicity of PDT in the cells incubated with PE for 10 min were evaluated by measuring fluorescence intensity and by using a cell counting reagent 24 h after PDT, respectively. Results: PpIX lipid uptake and cytotoxicity of PDT were increased with PpIX lipid concentration. Cytotoxicity of PDT using PE was more than 9 times as strong as that with PpIX lipid and PpIX induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid. Much stronger cytotoxicity was induced in PC-3 cells than PNT2 cells with the ratio of cell death rate for cancer to normal cells up to 4.64 ± 0.09. Conclusions: Fast PS delivery with HVJ-E allows highly selective PDT with a short drug-light interval. Therefore, PDT using PE has a potential to shorten treatment period and reduce side effects of PDT.展开更多
The Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as transient apical dysfunction, transient apical dyskinesia, stress-induced cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy in which there is...The Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as transient apical dysfunction, transient apical dyskinesia, stress-induced cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy in which there is a sudden temporary weakening of the myocardium. The PR interval reflects the time the electrical impulse takes to travel from the sinus node through the AV node and entering the ventricles. The PR interval is therefore a good estimate of AV node function. Its normal values are between 0.120 - 0.200 seconds. When its length is lesser than 0.120 seconds, we speak as a short PR-interval. This event has a great capacity for severe cardiac arrhythmia production. Both entities can be very dangerous, separately. When they are together in the same individual, the consequences could be deadly.展开更多
Denote by E(X,Y) the number of integers a∈ [X, X + Y] which is not the sum of a prime and a square. In this paper we prove that E(X, Y)【【Y(logX)(-4) for any A 】 0 provided that Y≥X7/12+s.
Asymptotic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the Orr-Sommerfeld equation in two-dimensional and three-dimensional incompressible flows on an infinite domain and on a semi-infinite domain are obtained. Two configurati...Asymptotic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the Orr-Sommerfeld equation in two-dimensional and three-dimensional incompressible flows on an infinite domain and on a semi-infinite domain are obtained. Two configurations are considered, one in which a short-wave limit approximation is used, and another in which a long-wave limit approximation is used. In the short-wave limit, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) methods are utilized to estimate the eigenvalues, and the eigenfunctions are approximated in terms of Green’s functions. The procedure consists of transforming the Orr-Sommerfeld equation into a system of two second order ordinary differential equations for which the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions can be approximated. In the long-wave limit approximation, solutions are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Our procedure works regardless of the values of the Reynolds number.展开更多
We study the short-term memory capacity of ancient readers of the original New Testament written in Greek, of its translations to Latin and to modern languages. To model it, we consider the number of words between any...We study the short-term memory capacity of ancient readers of the original New Testament written in Greek, of its translations to Latin and to modern languages. To model it, we consider the number of words between any two contiguous interpunctions I<sub>p</sub>, because this parameter can model how the human mind memorizes “chunks” of information. Since I<sub>P</sub> can be calculated for any alphabetical text, we can perform experiments—otherwise impossible— with ancient readers by studying the literary works they used to read. The “experiments” compare the I<sub>P</sub> of texts of a language/translation to those of another language/translation by measuring the minimum average probability of finding joint readers (those who can read both texts because of similar short-term memory capacity) and by defining an “overlap index”. We also define the population of universal readers, people who can read any New Testament text in any language. Future work is vast, with many research tracks, because alphabetical literatures are very large and allow many experiments, such as comparing authors, translations or even texts written by artificial intelligence tools.展开更多
针对光伏出力和电动汽车充电特性的随机特性对电力系统的冲击不断增强,准确及时的源荷预测是实现增强电力系统适应性和稳定性的重要课题。因此,提出一种基于共享权重长短期记忆网络(shared weight long short-term networks,SWLSTM)与St...针对光伏出力和电动汽车充电特性的随机特性对电力系统的冲击不断增强,准确及时的源荷预测是实现增强电力系统适应性和稳定性的重要课题。因此,提出一种基于共享权重长短期记忆网络(shared weight long short-term networks,SWLSTM)与Stacking集成模型相结合的源荷区间预测方法。首先,光伏出力存在时序性特征,采用局部线性嵌入改进k-means算法聚类提取特征日,在实现数据降维同时,减少了网络训练难度;其次,在Stacking集成模型的框架下,将SWLSTM作为元学习器,并通过Q统计量筛选合适的基学习器模型,从而实现多模型融合的多异学习器Stacking集成学习的源荷预测;紧接着,为了得到预测的不确定信息,引入置信度区间预测;最后,采用实测数据对本文所提方法进行验证。结果表明改进k-means算法能够降低其求解难度,加快求解速度,可以快速获取聚类特征;所引入集成学习模型和置信度区间,有效表征源荷预测的不确定性,提升区间预测模型的泛化能力。展开更多
基金Tianyuan Mathematics Foundation (11026075)the NSF (10971119) of Chinathe NSF (ZR2009AQ007) of Shandong Province
文摘Under the assumption of sixth power large.sieve mean-value of Dirichlet L-function, we improve Bombieri＇s theorem in short intervals by virtue of the large sieve method and Heath-Brown＇s identity.
文摘Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a less invasive cancer treatment using photochemical reactions induced by light irradiation to a photosensitizer (PS). Highly selective PDT with fast accumulation of the PS in target site might be a promising treatment option for drug-resistant prostate cancer facing high incidence rate of elderly men who have no effective treatment options and require a minimally invasive treatment. Hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) allows selective and fast drug delivery to the drug-resistant prostate cancer cells via rapid cell membrane fusion. PS named porphyrus envelope (PE) has been developed by insertion of lipidated protoporphyrin IX (PpIX lipid) into HVJ-E. In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions for PE preparation and laser irradiation for highly selective PDT using PE with a short drug-light interval. Materials and Methods: Human hormon refractory prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and human normal prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 were cultured. PpIX lipid uptake and cytotoxicity of PDT in the cells incubated with PE for 10 min were evaluated by measuring fluorescence intensity and by using a cell counting reagent 24 h after PDT, respectively. Results: PpIX lipid uptake and cytotoxicity of PDT were increased with PpIX lipid concentration. Cytotoxicity of PDT using PE was more than 9 times as strong as that with PpIX lipid and PpIX induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid. Much stronger cytotoxicity was induced in PC-3 cells than PNT2 cells with the ratio of cell death rate for cancer to normal cells up to 4.64 ± 0.09. Conclusions: Fast PS delivery with HVJ-E allows highly selective PDT with a short drug-light interval. Therefore, PDT using PE has a potential to shorten treatment period and reduce side effects of PDT.
文摘The Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as transient apical dysfunction, transient apical dyskinesia, stress-induced cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy in which there is a sudden temporary weakening of the myocardium. The PR interval reflects the time the electrical impulse takes to travel from the sinus node through the AV node and entering the ventricles. The PR interval is therefore a good estimate of AV node function. Its normal values are between 0.120 - 0.200 seconds. When its length is lesser than 0.120 seconds, we speak as a short PR-interval. This event has a great capacity for severe cardiac arrhythmia production. Both entities can be very dangerous, separately. When they are together in the same individual, the consequences could be deadly.
文摘Denote by E(X,Y) the number of integers a∈ [X, X + Y] which is not the sum of a prime and a square. In this paper we prove that E(X, Y)【【Y(logX)(-4) for any A 】 0 provided that Y≥X7/12+s.
文摘Asymptotic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the Orr-Sommerfeld equation in two-dimensional and three-dimensional incompressible flows on an infinite domain and on a semi-infinite domain are obtained. Two configurations are considered, one in which a short-wave limit approximation is used, and another in which a long-wave limit approximation is used. In the short-wave limit, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) methods are utilized to estimate the eigenvalues, and the eigenfunctions are approximated in terms of Green’s functions. The procedure consists of transforming the Orr-Sommerfeld equation into a system of two second order ordinary differential equations for which the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions can be approximated. In the long-wave limit approximation, solutions are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Our procedure works regardless of the values of the Reynolds number.
文摘We study the short-term memory capacity of ancient readers of the original New Testament written in Greek, of its translations to Latin and to modern languages. To model it, we consider the number of words between any two contiguous interpunctions I<sub>p</sub>, because this parameter can model how the human mind memorizes “chunks” of information. Since I<sub>P</sub> can be calculated for any alphabetical text, we can perform experiments—otherwise impossible— with ancient readers by studying the literary works they used to read. The “experiments” compare the I<sub>P</sub> of texts of a language/translation to those of another language/translation by measuring the minimum average probability of finding joint readers (those who can read both texts because of similar short-term memory capacity) and by defining an “overlap index”. We also define the population of universal readers, people who can read any New Testament text in any language. Future work is vast, with many research tracks, because alphabetical literatures are very large and allow many experiments, such as comparing authors, translations or even texts written by artificial intelligence tools.
文摘针对光伏出力和电动汽车充电特性的随机特性对电力系统的冲击不断增强,准确及时的源荷预测是实现增强电力系统适应性和稳定性的重要课题。因此,提出一种基于共享权重长短期记忆网络(shared weight long short-term networks,SWLSTM)与Stacking集成模型相结合的源荷区间预测方法。首先,光伏出力存在时序性特征,采用局部线性嵌入改进k-means算法聚类提取特征日,在实现数据降维同时,减少了网络训练难度;其次,在Stacking集成模型的框架下,将SWLSTM作为元学习器,并通过Q统计量筛选合适的基学习器模型,从而实现多模型融合的多异学习器Stacking集成学习的源荷预测;紧接着,为了得到预测的不确定信息,引入置信度区间预测;最后,采用实测数据对本文所提方法进行验证。结果表明改进k-means算法能够降低其求解难度,加快求解速度,可以快速获取聚类特征;所引入集成学习模型和置信度区间,有效表征源荷预测的不确定性,提升区间预测模型的泛化能力。
