The short neuropeptide F(sNPF)family of peptides is a multifunctional group of neurohormones involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in insects.They have been found in a broad spectrum of species...The short neuropeptide F(sNPF)family of peptides is a multifunctional group of neurohormones involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in insects.They have been found in a broad spectrum of species,but the number of isoforms in the precursor molecule varies from one to four.The receptor for sNPF(sNPFR),which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family,has been characterized in various insect orders and was shown to be an ortholog of the mammalian prolactin-releasing peptide receptor(PrPR).The sNPF signaling pathway interacts with other neurohormones such as insulin-like peptides,SIFamide,and pigment-dispersing factors(PDFs)to regulate various processes.The main physiological function of sNPF seems to be involved in the regulation of feeding,but the observed effects are species-specific.sNPF is also connected with the regulation of foraging behavior and the olfactory system.The influence of sNPF on feeding and thus energy metabolism may also indirectly affect other vital processes,such as reproduction and development.In addition,these neurohormones are involved in the regulation of locomotor activity and circadian rhythm in insects.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the sNPF system in insects.展开更多
Mythimna separata is a notorious phytophagous pest which poses serious threats to cereal crops owing to the gluttony of the larvae.Because short neuropeptide F(sNPF)and its receptor sNPFR are involved in a diversity o...Mythimna separata is a notorious phytophagous pest which poses serious threats to cereal crops owing to the gluttony of the larvae.Because short neuropeptide F(sNPF)and its receptor sNPFR are involved in a diversity of physiological functions,especially in functions related to feeding in insects,it is a molecular target for pest control.Herein,an sNPF and 2 sNPFRs were identified and cloned from M.separata.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the sNPF and its receptors had a highly conserved RLRFamide C-terminus and 7 transmembrane domains,respectively.The sNPF and its receptor genes were distributed across larval periods and tissues,but 2 receptors had distinct expression patterns.The starvation-induced assay elucidated that sNPF and sNPFR expression levels were downregulated under food deprivation and recovered with subsequent re-feeding.RNA interference knockdown of sNPF,sNPFR1,and sNPFR2 by injection of double-stranded RNA into larvae not only suppressed food consumption and increased body size and weight,but also led to decrease of glycogen and total lipid contents,and increase of trehalose compared with double-stranded green fluorescent protein injection.Furthermore,molecular docking was performed on the interaction mode between sNPFR protein and its ligand sNPF based on the 3-dimensional models constructed by AlphaFold;the results indicated that both receptors were presumably activated by the mature peptide sNPF-2.These results revealed that sNPF signaling played a considerably vital role in the feeding regulation of M.separata and represents a potential control target for this pest.展开更多
基金supported by the Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology,Adam Mickiewicz University,Poznan,Poland(No.4102020104/604/5060000/BN002024)。
文摘The short neuropeptide F(sNPF)family of peptides is a multifunctional group of neurohormones involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in insects.They have been found in a broad spectrum of species,but the number of isoforms in the precursor molecule varies from one to four.The receptor for sNPF(sNPFR),which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family,has been characterized in various insect orders and was shown to be an ortholog of the mammalian prolactin-releasing peptide receptor(PrPR).The sNPF signaling pathway interacts with other neurohormones such as insulin-like peptides,SIFamide,and pigment-dispersing factors(PDFs)to regulate various processes.The main physiological function of sNPF seems to be involved in the regulation of feeding,but the observed effects are species-specific.sNPF is also connected with the regulation of foraging behavior and the olfactory system.The influence of sNPF on feeding and thus energy metabolism may also indirectly affect other vital processes,such as reproduction and development.In addition,these neurohormones are involved in the regulation of locomotor activity and circadian rhythm in insects.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the sNPF system in insects.
基金funded by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201403031)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0201807).
文摘Mythimna separata is a notorious phytophagous pest which poses serious threats to cereal crops owing to the gluttony of the larvae.Because short neuropeptide F(sNPF)and its receptor sNPFR are involved in a diversity of physiological functions,especially in functions related to feeding in insects,it is a molecular target for pest control.Herein,an sNPF and 2 sNPFRs were identified and cloned from M.separata.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the sNPF and its receptors had a highly conserved RLRFamide C-terminus and 7 transmembrane domains,respectively.The sNPF and its receptor genes were distributed across larval periods and tissues,but 2 receptors had distinct expression patterns.The starvation-induced assay elucidated that sNPF and sNPFR expression levels were downregulated under food deprivation and recovered with subsequent re-feeding.RNA interference knockdown of sNPF,sNPFR1,and sNPFR2 by injection of double-stranded RNA into larvae not only suppressed food consumption and increased body size and weight,but also led to decrease of glycogen and total lipid contents,and increase of trehalose compared with double-stranded green fluorescent protein injection.Furthermore,molecular docking was performed on the interaction mode between sNPFR protein and its ligand sNPF based on the 3-dimensional models constructed by AlphaFold;the results indicated that both receptors were presumably activated by the mature peptide sNPF-2.These results revealed that sNPF signaling played a considerably vital role in the feeding regulation of M.separata and represents a potential control target for this pest.
