Based on the analysis of the basic principle of slope compensation, a high-precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for peak current mode boost DC/DC converter is designed. The circuit dynamically detects the inp...Based on the analysis of the basic principle of slope compensation, a high-precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for peak current mode boost DC/DC converter is designed. The circuit dynamically detects the input and output voltage of the boost circuit to realize automatic adjustment of the compensation amount with the change of duty ratio, which makes the ramp compensation slope optimized. The design uses a high-precision subtracter to improve the accuracy of slope compensation. While eliminating sub-slope oscillation and improving the stability of boost circuit, the negative impact of compensation on boost circuit is minimized, and the load capacity and transient response speed of boost circuit are guaranteed. The circuit is designed based on SMIC 0.18um CMOS technology, with simple structure, high reliability and easy engineering implementation. Spectre circuit simulator 17.1.0.124 64b simulation results show that the circuit has high compensation accuracy and wide input and output voltage range. When the working voltage is 3.3 V, the compensation slope can be adjusted adaptively under different duty cycles, and the minimum error between the compensation slope and the theoretical optimal compensation slope is only 0.42%.展开更多
AlAs/GaAs/In0.1Ga0.9As/GaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTDs) grown on a semi-insulated GaAs substrate with molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. By sandwiching the In0.1 Ga0.9 As layer betwee...AlAs/GaAs/In0.1Ga0.9As/GaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTDs) grown on a semi-insulated GaAs substrate with molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. By sandwiching the In0.1 Ga0.9 As layer between GaAs layers, potential wells beside the two sides of barrier are deepened, resulting in an increase of the peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) and a peak current density. A special shape of collector is designed in order to reduce contact resistance and non-uniformity of the current;as a result the total chrrent density in the device is increased. The use of thin barriers is also helpful for the improvement of the PVCR and the peak current density in DBRTDs. The devices exhibit a maximum PVCR of 13.98 and a peak current density of 89kA/cm^2 at room temperature.展开更多
The study of pressure stimulated current(PSC)changes of rocks is significant to monitor dynamic disasters in mines and rock masses.The existing studies focus on change laws and mechanism of currents generated under th...The study of pressure stimulated current(PSC)changes of rocks is significant to monitor dynamic disasters in mines and rock masses.The existing studies focus on change laws and mechanism of currents generated under the loading of rocks.An electrical and mechanics test system was established in this paper to explore the impacts of loading rates on PSCs.The results indicated that PSC curves of different rocks had different change laws under low/high loading rates.When the loading rate was relatively low,PSC curves firstly changed gently and then increased exponentially.Under high loading rates,PSC curves experienced the rapid increase stage,gentle increase stage and sudden change stage.The compressive strength could greatly affect the peak PSC in case of rock failure.The loading rate was a key factor in average PSC.Under low loading rates,the variations of PSCs conformed to the damage charge model of fracture mechanics,while they did not at the fracture moment.Under high loading rates,the PSCs at low stress didn’t fit the model due to the stress impact effects.The experimental results could provide theoretical basis for the influence of loading rates on PSCs.展开更多
An analytic closed-form based loop compensator for direct current-direct current (DC-DC) buckboost converter in discontinuous conduction with peak current-mode control is proposed to increase efficiency of the desir...An analytic closed-form based loop compensator for direct current-direct current (DC-DC) buckboost converter in discontinuous conduction with peak current-mode control is proposed to increase efficiency of the desired process through systemization. As a result, the process saves a lot of computation time that can be translated into design cost savings. Finally, the output voltage regulation in the presence of audio susceptibility and output impedance is shown for verifying.展开更多
The asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor has two sets of stator windings,in which the back EMF coefficients are different.This paper takes advantage of the asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor’s structural featur...The asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor has two sets of stator windings,in which the back EMF coefficients are different.This paper takes advantage of the asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor’s structural features and proposes a new method for the accelerated problem of the BLDC motor operating in the high speed and the constant electromagnetic power.The dual phase windings of the BLDC motor are integrated into the circuit in the starting stage.When the motor’s back EMF value is equal to the terminal voltage value,switch off a set of RST three phase windingswhose back EMF coefficient is bigger and make the other set of stator windingUVWwith smaller back EMF coefficient continue to operate under the rated power.As the motor rotor speed continues to increase,the electromagnetic torque remains unchanged.By using the peak current control strategy,we can deduce that the phase current of the UVW three-phase winding is twice the RSTthree-phase windingwhen the asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor operates at high speed and constant power.展开更多
The ?method is used in this paper to calculate the leakage magnetic field of SSZ11-50000/110 Power transformer, and by which the structures’ influences to the main leakage flux are analyzed. Through the combination o...The ?method is used in this paper to calculate the leakage magnetic field of SSZ11-50000/110 Power transformer, and by which the structures’ influences to the main leakage flux are analyzed. Through the combination of the product and TEAM Problem 21B, the surface impedance method shows its great advantage in the calculation of eddy current loss.展开更多
A non-sputtering discharge is utilized to verify the effect of replacement of gas ions by metallic ions and consequent decrease in the secondary electron emission coefficient in the discharge current curves in high-po...A non-sputtering discharge is utilized to verify the effect of replacement of gas ions by metallic ions and consequent decrease in the secondary electron emission coefficient in the discharge current curves in high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). In the non-sputtering discharge involving hydrogen, replacement of ions is avoided while the rarefaction still contributes. The initial peak and ensuing decay disappear and all the discharge current curves show a similar feature as the HiPIMS discharge of materials with low sputtering yields such as carbon. The results demonstrate the key effect of ion replacement during sputtering.展开更多
A new cycle-by-cycle control flyback converter with primary side detection and peak current mode control is proposed and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The flyback converter is verified by the OrCAD simulat...A new cycle-by-cycle control flyback converter with primary side detection and peak current mode control is proposed and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The flyback converter is verified by the OrCAD simulator. The main advantages of this converter over the conventional one are simplicity, small size, rapid regulating and no sensing control signals over the isolation barrier. The circuit is suitable for digital control implementations.展开更多
Bifurcation and chaos in high-frequency peak current mode Buck converter working in continuous conduction mode(CCM) are studied in this paper. First of all, the two-dimensional discrete mapping model is established....Bifurcation and chaos in high-frequency peak current mode Buck converter working in continuous conduction mode(CCM) are studied in this paper. First of all, the two-dimensional discrete mapping model is established. Next, reference current at the period-doubling point and the border of inductor current are derived. Then, the bifurcation diagrams are drawn with the aid of MATLAB. Meanwhile, circuit simulations are executed with PSIM, and time domain waveforms as well as phase portraits in i_L–v_C plane are plotted with MATLAB on the basis of simulation data. After that, we construct the Jacobian matrix and analyze the stability of the system based on the roots of characteristic equations. Finally, the validity of theoretical analysis has been verified by circuit testing. The simulation and experimental results show that,with the increase of reference current I_(ref), the corresponding switching frequency f is approaching to low-frequency stage continuously when the period-doubling bifurcation happens, leading to the converter tending to be unstable. With the increase of f, the corresponding Irefdecreases when the period-doubling bifurcation occurs, indicating the stable working range of the system becomes smaller.展开更多
The change of the over-current protection point of the power switches, caused by slope compensation, is analyzed in detail. It is discovered that the peak current protecting value increases as the duty cycle decreases...The change of the over-current protection point of the power switches, caused by slope compensation, is analyzed in detail. It is discovered that the peak current protecting value increases as the duty cycle decreases. As a result, the safety operation of the switches is damaged greatly. A novel solution to improve over-current protection with constant peak current limitation is proposed by inducing synchronous slope compensation into the current limit function instead of the original constant voltage. The design principle and method of the protection circuit based on a UC3846 PWM controller for the interleaved dual-forward converter is presented. Experimental results are given to verify the analysis.展开更多
A hybrid energy transmission pipeline is proposed with the aim of long-distance cooperative transmission of electricity and chemical fuels, which is composed of an inner high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power ca...A hybrid energy transmission pipeline is proposed with the aim of long-distance cooperative transmission of electricity and chemical fuels, which is composed of an inner high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable and outer liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline. The flowing LNG could maintain the operating temperature of the inner HTS power cable within the range of 85 K-90 K, thus the Bi-2223 superconductors in the HTS power cable produce little Joule loss with the transmission current below the critical current. Owing to the advantages of high power density, low transmission losses and economical manufacturing costs, the hybrid energy transmission pipeline is expected to be widely utilized in the near future. In order to ensure the safety of the HTS power cable and explosive LNG in case of short-circuit faults, this paper tests and analyzes the characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS tapes of the Type HT-CA, Type HT-SS and Type H models under short-circuit current impacts at the LNG cooling temperature (85 K-90 K). An experimental platform is designed and established for the ampacity tests of HTS tapes above LN2 cooling temperature (77 K). The AC over-current impact tests at 85 K-90 K are carried out on each sample of Bi-2223 tapes respectively, and the experimental results are analyzed and compared to evaluate their performances under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the Type HT-CA tape can withstand 50 Hz short-circuit current impact with the amplitude of 1108 A (10 times of critical current Ic ) for 100 ms at 90 K, and its resistance is the smallest of the three tested samples under similar current impacts. Therefore, the Type HT-CA Bi-2223 tape is the optimal superconductor of the HTS power cable in the hybrid energy transmission pipeline.展开更多
文摘Based on the analysis of the basic principle of slope compensation, a high-precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for peak current mode boost DC/DC converter is designed. The circuit dynamically detects the input and output voltage of the boost circuit to realize automatic adjustment of the compensation amount with the change of duty ratio, which makes the ramp compensation slope optimized. The design uses a high-precision subtracter to improve the accuracy of slope compensation. While eliminating sub-slope oscillation and improving the stability of boost circuit, the negative impact of compensation on boost circuit is minimized, and the load capacity and transient response speed of boost circuit are guaranteed. The circuit is designed based on SMIC 0.18um CMOS technology, with simple structure, high reliability and easy engineering implementation. Spectre circuit simulator 17.1.0.124 64b simulation results show that the circuit has high compensation accuracy and wide input and output voltage range. When the working voltage is 3.3 V, the compensation slope can be adjusted adaptively under different duty cycles, and the minimum error between the compensation slope and the theoretical optimal compensation slope is only 0.42%.
文摘AlAs/GaAs/In0.1Ga0.9As/GaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTDs) grown on a semi-insulated GaAs substrate with molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. By sandwiching the In0.1 Ga0.9 As layer between GaAs layers, potential wells beside the two sides of barrier are deepened, resulting in an increase of the peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) and a peak current density. A special shape of collector is designed in order to reduce contact resistance and non-uniformity of the current;as a result the total chrrent density in the device is increased. The use of thin barriers is also helpful for the improvement of the PVCR and the peak current density in DBRTDs. The devices exhibit a maximum PVCR of 13.98 and a peak current density of 89kA/cm^2 at room temperature.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(No.SKLCRSM22KF011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52130411,52104191,51974120,and 51904103)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2021JJ40204)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2020RC3047).
文摘The study of pressure stimulated current(PSC)changes of rocks is significant to monitor dynamic disasters in mines and rock masses.The existing studies focus on change laws and mechanism of currents generated under the loading of rocks.An electrical and mechanics test system was established in this paper to explore the impacts of loading rates on PSCs.The results indicated that PSC curves of different rocks had different change laws under low/high loading rates.When the loading rate was relatively low,PSC curves firstly changed gently and then increased exponentially.Under high loading rates,PSC curves experienced the rapid increase stage,gentle increase stage and sudden change stage.The compressive strength could greatly affect the peak PSC in case of rock failure.The loading rate was a key factor in average PSC.Under low loading rates,the variations of PSCs conformed to the damage charge model of fracture mechanics,while they did not at the fracture moment.Under high loading rates,the PSCs at low stress didn’t fit the model due to the stress impact effects.The experimental results could provide theoretical basis for the influence of loading rates on PSCs.
文摘An analytic closed-form based loop compensator for direct current-direct current (DC-DC) buckboost converter in discontinuous conduction with peak current-mode control is proposed to increase efficiency of the desired process through systemization. As a result, the process saves a lot of computation time that can be translated into design cost savings. Finally, the output voltage regulation in the presence of audio susceptibility and output impedance is shown for verifying.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61773006。
文摘The asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor has two sets of stator windings,in which the back EMF coefficients are different.This paper takes advantage of the asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor’s structural features and proposes a new method for the accelerated problem of the BLDC motor operating in the high speed and the constant electromagnetic power.The dual phase windings of the BLDC motor are integrated into the circuit in the starting stage.When the motor’s back EMF value is equal to the terminal voltage value,switch off a set of RST three phase windingswhose back EMF coefficient is bigger and make the other set of stator windingUVWwith smaller back EMF coefficient continue to operate under the rated power.As the motor rotor speed continues to increase,the electromagnetic torque remains unchanged.By using the peak current control strategy,we can deduce that the phase current of the UVW three-phase winding is twice the RSTthree-phase windingwhen the asymmetric dual-three phase BLDC motor operates at high speed and constant power.
文摘The ?method is used in this paper to calculate the leakage magnetic field of SSZ11-50000/110 Power transformer, and by which the structures’ influences to the main leakage flux are analyzed. Through the combination of the product and TEAM Problem 21B, the surface impedance method shows its great advantage in the calculation of eddy current loss.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 51301004 and U1330110the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program under Grant No 2013N080+1 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grant under Grant Nos JCYJ20140903102215536 and JCYJ20150828093127698the City University of Hong Kong Applied Research Grant under Grant No 9667104
文摘A non-sputtering discharge is utilized to verify the effect of replacement of gas ions by metallic ions and consequent decrease in the secondary electron emission coefficient in the discharge current curves in high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). In the non-sputtering discharge involving hydrogen, replacement of ions is avoided while the rarefaction still contributes. The initial peak and ensuing decay disappear and all the discharge current curves show a similar feature as the HiPIMS discharge of materials with low sputtering yields such as carbon. The results demonstrate the key effect of ion replacement during sputtering.
文摘A new cycle-by-cycle control flyback converter with primary side detection and peak current mode control is proposed and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The flyback converter is verified by the OrCAD simulator. The main advantages of this converter over the conventional one are simplicity, small size, rapid regulating and no sensing control signals over the isolation barrier. The circuit is suitable for digital control implementations.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61376029)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Chinathe College Graduate Research and Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.SJLX15 0092)
文摘Bifurcation and chaos in high-frequency peak current mode Buck converter working in continuous conduction mode(CCM) are studied in this paper. First of all, the two-dimensional discrete mapping model is established. Next, reference current at the period-doubling point and the border of inductor current are derived. Then, the bifurcation diagrams are drawn with the aid of MATLAB. Meanwhile, circuit simulations are executed with PSIM, and time domain waveforms as well as phase portraits in i_L–v_C plane are plotted with MATLAB on the basis of simulation data. After that, we construct the Jacobian matrix and analyze the stability of the system based on the roots of characteristic equations. Finally, the validity of theoretical analysis has been verified by circuit testing. The simulation and experimental results show that,with the increase of reference current I_(ref), the corresponding switching frequency f is approaching to low-frequency stage continuously when the period-doubling bifurcation happens, leading to the converter tending to be unstable. With the increase of f, the corresponding Irefdecreases when the period-doubling bifurcation occurs, indicating the stable working range of the system becomes smaller.
文摘The change of the over-current protection point of the power switches, caused by slope compensation, is analyzed in detail. It is discovered that the peak current protecting value increases as the duty cycle decreases. As a result, the safety operation of the switches is damaged greatly. A novel solution to improve over-current protection with constant peak current limitation is proposed by inducing synchronous slope compensation into the current limit function instead of the original constant voltage. The design principle and method of the protection circuit based on a UC3846 PWM controller for the interleaved dual-forward converter is presented. Experimental results are given to verify the analysis.
基金supported by National Key R&D Project under Grant(2018YFB0904400).
文摘A hybrid energy transmission pipeline is proposed with the aim of long-distance cooperative transmission of electricity and chemical fuels, which is composed of an inner high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable and outer liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline. The flowing LNG could maintain the operating temperature of the inner HTS power cable within the range of 85 K-90 K, thus the Bi-2223 superconductors in the HTS power cable produce little Joule loss with the transmission current below the critical current. Owing to the advantages of high power density, low transmission losses and economical manufacturing costs, the hybrid energy transmission pipeline is expected to be widely utilized in the near future. In order to ensure the safety of the HTS power cable and explosive LNG in case of short-circuit faults, this paper tests and analyzes the characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS tapes of the Type HT-CA, Type HT-SS and Type H models under short-circuit current impacts at the LNG cooling temperature (85 K-90 K). An experimental platform is designed and established for the ampacity tests of HTS tapes above LN2 cooling temperature (77 K). The AC over-current impact tests at 85 K-90 K are carried out on each sample of Bi-2223 tapes respectively, and the experimental results are analyzed and compared to evaluate their performances under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the Type HT-CA tape can withstand 50 Hz short-circuit current impact with the amplitude of 1108 A (10 times of critical current Ic ) for 100 ms at 90 K, and its resistance is the smallest of the three tested samples under similar current impacts. Therefore, the Type HT-CA Bi-2223 tape is the optimal superconductor of the HTS power cable in the hybrid energy transmission pipeline.