The Study on Protection and Construction Mode of Urban Ecologically Sensitive Areas

The paper had analyzed the necessity and feasibility for the protection and utilization of urban ecologically sensitive areas, proposed planning urban ecologically sensitive areas reasonably and combining ecological protection with development construction. Guiding the healthy and ordered development of urban spaces was the key part and important approach to realize ecological cities. The guiding thought for development construction of ecological cities had been discussed, which was conducting laddered development according to the location and coverage of urban ecologically sensitive areas and protection grades of these sensitive areas. Then, it had proposed four kinds of protection and construction modes, which were tourism leisure green lands, relevant expositions, industrial areas and new city groups, and which had been analyzed by combining with successful cases, so as to provide feasible win-win development strategies of ecology and economy for the planning of urban ecologically sensitive areas in the future.

Research of Pure Electric Ferry System and Its Short-Circuit Protection and Calculation

System control and safety reliability are important links of the marine DC (Direct Current) power system. The simulationmodel is built by Matlab/Simulink, the battery and super-capacitor are supplied to the system through a three-phase interleaved DC/DCconverter, the fuse and disconnector switch combination are used as the protection device, and the short-circuit point is set betweeneach branch and the DC distribution board, performing short-circuit simulation. This paper also proposes a short-circuit calculationmethod for super-capacitors based on the simplified model of series RC (Resistors & Capacitors), and verifies its correctness throughsimulation data. The results show that the introduction of a three-phase interleaved DC/DC converter reduces the current ripple andmakes the system control more convenient;short-circuit calculation and simulation have determined the short-circuit withstandcapability of the DC distribution board, and verified the feasibility of the fuse selection method and the short-circuit calculation methodof the super-capacitor. This provides reliable verification for the application and calculation of the actual project.

Protection of Distributed Generation: Challenges and Solutions

Distributed generation (DG) is the future of energy. This technology allows the bidirectional flow of power within an electrical network. Researchers are faced with many challenges to the accurate implementation of protection schemes for DG-connected distribution network. The schemes designed must satisfy the performance requirements of selectivity, reliability, and sensitivity. Most researchers opine that conventional protection schemes based on over current detection are insufficient to completely and accurately protect a DG-connected distributed power system. There are many challenges?that?need to be tackled before embarking upon the journey to successfully implement these schemes. This paper summarizes the major challenges which one can encounter while designing protection schemes for DG-connected distribution networks. Some possible solutions from the literature are also mentioned. Moreover, a suggested solution for protecting future active distribution networks is provided. It is expected that this paper will act as a benchmark for future researchers in this field to tackle the challenges related to the protection of active distribution networks.

Analysis of Reservoir Sensitivity and Optimization of Drilling Fluid System in Block H9 of Tarim Oilfield

针对塔里木油田H9区块钻井过程中存在的储层损害问题,采用黏土矿物分析、扫描电镜及压汞法等方法,分析掌握了目标区块储层地质特征,并结合储层敏感性试验评价,明确了储层潜在敏感性损害因素,揭示了储层损害机理。结果表明,H9区块储层黏土矿物含量为10%~20%,具有中高孔渗特征,非均质性较好,且存在潜在的强速敏和强水敏性损害。针对现场用钻井液体系存在的抑制性、润滑性及储层保护效果存在的不足,室内优化了一套综合性能优良的KCl-聚合醇储层保护钻井液体系。通过模拟储层动态损害试验评价可知,储层岩心渗透率恢复值可达85%以上。现场试验结果表明,KCl-聚合醇钻井液体系可较好地抑制泥页岩水化膨胀分散,有效避免了井眼缩径、起下钻遇阻等井下复杂情况发生,保障了钻井施工高效、安全,且储层保护效果良好。

Polymer Coatings for Protection of Wood and Wood-Based Materials

Three major types of protective coating of wood and wood-based materials have been considered. These three types include the coatings based on carboxyl-containing water-soluble polymers which are easily cross-linked by inorganic salts or OH-containing compounds, pH-sensitive coatings and polymer multi-layer structures. First of three mentioned approaches allows affecting permeability and enhancing the prevention the loss of water from the surface of wood to its surrounding. The advantage of the second approach is its ability to vary and purposely adjust the polymer composition and the number and distribution of -COOH groups in the chain which make the originally water-soluble polymers completely insoluble. The strong feature of the third approach which includes broad use of hydrogen-bonded films produced by layer-by-layer self-assembly is the possibility of manipulation of coatings stability after construction.

基于结构保持的匿名人脸合成方法

针对目前人脸隐私保护方法难以兼顾隐私保护和数据可用性的问题,提出了一种基于结构保持的匿名人脸合成方法(Structure Preserving Anonymous Face Synthesis,SPAS)。首先,设计了SPAS网络用于合成匿名人脸图像;其次,为确保人脸身份信息的隐私安全,提出了多尺度敏感特征匿名方法;最后,利用全重构自监督方法,结合多重损失函数训练该模型。此外,通过控制非身份属性输入,使得生成的匿名结果更多样化。通过在CelebA-HQ和LFW 2个权威人脸数据集上进行实验,所提方法的FID分别为26.13和24.56,人脸检测率分别为99.60%和99.72%。实验结果表明,所提方法在降低身份泄露风险的同时,有效地提高了数据的可用性。

Study on Connection of Spatial Planning of Oil and Gas Infrastructure and Environmental Sensitive Area

By analyzing the influence of pollution factors in each process on the environmentally sensitive area in construction and operation of oil and gas infrastructure,main problems were obtained:delimitation and implementation of three control lines in land space planning,relevant environmental protection laws and regulations not perfect and specific,delimitation of environmentally sensitive area lack of sufficient demonstration,"conditional permission to pass"not be raised to an explicit provision,urban energy corridor planning not fully implement the concept of environmental protection,and the idea of adjacent spatial planning not be implemented yet.Moreover,it put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the construction department of oil and gas infrastructure.

A bull-heading water control technique of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent

Aimed at the disadvantages of secondary damage to oil layers caused by the conventional bull-heading water control technique, a thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent for water control was synthesized by water solution polymerization and applied in the field with a new secondary temporary plugging technique. The optimization and performance evaluation of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent were carried out through laboratory experiments. The optimized formula is as follows:(6%-8%) acrylamide +(0.08%-0.12%) ammonium persulfate +(1.5%-2.0%) sepiolite +(0.5%-0.8%) polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent is suitable for formation temperatures of 70-90 ?C, it has high temporary plugging strength(5-40 k Pa), controllable degradation time(1-15 d), the apparent viscosity after degradation of less than 100 m Pa?S and the permeability recovery value of simulated cores of more than 95%. Based on the research results, secondary temporary plugging technique was used in a horizontal well in the Jidong Oilfield. After treatment, the well saw a drop of water cut to 27%, and now it has a water cut of 67%, its daily increased oil production was 4.8 t, and the cumulative oil increment was 750 t, demonstrating that the technique worked well in controlling water production and increasing oil production.

长距离输水泵站中空气罐参数敏感度分析及正交优化设计

为了探讨长距离输水泵站中空气罐的优化设计方法,以西北某长距离输水工程为例,以泵站水击最大正压水头和最小负压水头作为优化目标,以初始气体压力、高度直径比、连接管直径、进口阻力系数和出口阻力系数为优化变量,基于正交优化设计方法和KYPipe软件,采用极差分析法获得空气罐各参数对于水击最大正压水头和最小负压水头的影响,同时对得到的结果进行排序,比较并找到最优参数组合.结果表明:初始气体压力、连接管直径和出口阻力系数等因素对于水击最大正压水头和最小负压水头的影响程度较大,其中初始气体压力是最敏感的参数,对于最大正压水头和最小负压水头的影响程度最大;经过比较发现最优方案的参数组合为初始气体压力水头50 m、高度直径比4、连接管直径250 mm、进口阻力系数10、出口阻力系数5;相比原始方案,优化方案使泵站的水击最大正压水头降低4.98%、最小负压水头升高64.00%.

基于压力衰减法的低渗透储层高温敏感性评价实验

低渗透油气藏在钻完井过程中易受到损害且难以解除,而利用传统的稳态驱替法评价低渗透储层损害存在适用性差及实验效率低等技术局限。为此,基于压力脉冲衰减法基本原理,分析了上游压力衰减规律及其与岩心渗透率的关系,以岩心损害前后压力脉冲衰减时间为评价指标,建立了适用于低渗透储层损害评价的实验设备与方法,并利用渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷深部低渗透砂岩岩心,开展了室温和150℃高温条件下的敏感性实验。研究结果表明:(1)当实验条件一定时,压力衰减时间仅与岩心的渗透率有关,压力脉冲衰减法可在无需计算渗透率的情况下对低渗透岩心的损害程度进行评价;(2)实验设备组成简单且操作便捷,避免了复杂的渗透率计算及其带来的误差,实验所需时间远低于常规的稳态法且可重复性良好,在低渗透气藏、特低渗透及超低渗透油藏具有很好的适用性;(3)高温环境明显加剧了储层的敏感性损害,深部高温储层损害特征及技术对策研究需要充分考虑高温的影响。结论认为,该认识解决了传统低渗透储层敏感性评价方法适用性差的难题,为高温低渗透储层保护技术对策研究提供了实验方法支撑和理论依据。

运动员个人敏感信息法律保护的内在逻辑、现实挑战与实施路径

运动员个人敏感信息具有较强的隐私性与商业价值属性,对其加强法律保护有助于维护运动员的隐私权和财产权。综合运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、案例分析法等方法,厘定运动员个人敏感信息及其法律保护概念内涵,系统研究运动员个人敏感信息法律保护的内在逻辑、现实挑战及实施路径。研究发现,增强法律意识是运动员个人敏感信息保护的基础,完善专项立法是运动员个人敏感信息保护的指引,统一处理规则是运动员个人敏感信息保护的关键,加强监管是运动员个人敏感信息保护实施的保障,优化司法救济是运动员个人敏感信息保护的防线。运动员个人敏感信息保护目前面临意识缺失、立法滞后、规则混乱、监管不足、救济短板等重要挑战。完善运动员个人敏感信息保护实施路径包括增强信息保护自觉性、推动法制化建设、建立信息处理准则、构建信息防护网、健全司法救济途径等。

航空发动机电子控制器的高强辐射场干扰及防护

针对航空发动机电子控制器(EEC)易受高强辐射场(HIRF)干扰问题,以ZF-M600型EEC为研究对象,通过三维电磁仿真软件CST对EEC建模并进行平面波辐照仿真,模拟HIRF对EEC的干扰效应,仿真结果表明,HIRF可以通过孔缝耦合进入EEC内部并在腔体内部产生谐振,谐振频率处电场强度显著增加。依据RTCA DO-160G在400 MHz~4 GHz开展EEC辐射敏感度试验,试验结果表明:EEC失效频点为2.40 GHz和3.48 GHz,敏感模块为模拟量输入输出模块,敏感现象为模拟量数据丢失。EEC失效频点与谐振频率接近,说明EEC失效与腔体谐振有关,在EEC内部贴装吸波材料并进行仿真,分析吸波材料的放置方式和厚度对EEC谐振电磁干扰强度的影响,仿真结果表明,贴装吸波材料可以有效抑制谐振电磁干扰。

基于有限元法的油气田集输管网阴极保护布局优化

在利用有限元法建立外加电流阴极保护模型的基础上,借助Sobol灵敏度分析,确定了显著影响某油气田集输管网阴极保护效果的关键参数,并通过粒子群优化(PSO)算法对其系统布局进行优化。结果表明:由于外加电流阴极保护模型的模拟电位与测试桩的测定电位误差较小,故该模型能够较好地反映出油气田集输管网的电位分布现状;改变防护涂层电阻率等一阶敏感性系数较高的因素会对阴极保护效果产生较大影响,土壤电阻率、防护涂层电阻率以及管道埋深与其他参数之间可能存在明显交互作用;当利用PSO算法对油气田集输管网的阴极保护效果进行全局寻优时,该模型经过47700次粒子进化迭代后的最佳阴极保护系统有效覆盖率高达99.14%,优化效果显著。

侵犯公民个人信息罪中敏感个人信息的特殊保护研究

大数据时代,敏感个人信息与公民人身、财产安全直接相关且易受侵犯,故需作特殊保护。近年来,侵犯公民个人信息罪中敏感个人信息特殊保护的规范,经历了从无到有、从有到优、从粗到细的过程,并由此形成了比较完善的敏感个人信息分类保护规则、从严保护规则、弹性保护规则。侵犯公民个人信息罪中敏感个人信息的范围和分类,可基于刑法保护法益的独立性原则,作适当有别于《个人信息保护法》的评判。侵犯公民个人信息罪中高度敏感个人信息与低度敏感个人信息的区别保护模式应继续坚持,高度敏感个人信息和低度敏感个人信息的既有数量标准不宜调整,高度敏感个人信息的既有种类不宜增加,高度敏感个人信息的司法认定应坚持实质标准从严慎重判断。《个人信息保护法》施行后,应在坚持刑法保护敏感个人信息的模式不变、力度不减的基础上,着力通过《个人信息保护法》等前置法的严格实施,增强敏感个人信息法律保护的整体效能。

基于运动特性的反末敏弹雷达探测技术

本文通过对投送型末敏子弹从母弹抛洒到完成攻击的全过程分析,提出了利用运动特征参数与目标雷达反射信号特征相结合的方法,探测并正确识别出了来袭末敏弹,剔除了假目标类型,同时也给出末敏子弹识别判定时间策略,为装甲车辆顶部综合防护系统提供参考数据。

个人金融账户信息的法律界定

《个人信息保护法》将金融账户信息纳入敏感个人信息的范围,但未作出明确的界定。界定标准的不明确将导致权利主体权益易损、义务主体责任不明、司法裁判依据不清。考察域外立法例,同时结合我国有关立法现状和实践,宜采取“定义+列举+排除”的界定模式,以“信息主体”“信息性质”和“信息处理”为定义的考量因素,从立法、实践的综合角度进行列举,并排除通过间接识别才能确认的金融账户信息。基于此,我国出台“金融账户信息”的司法解释可侧重四个方面,以实现个人信息的保护和社会信息利用的动态平衡。

基于密文域敏感信息表征的隐私保护算法

网络中提供身份信息的网络资源容易导致个人身份数据的泄露,为了保障身份信息安全,需要进行信息隐私保护设计,提出一种基于密文域敏感信息表征的隐私保护算法.采用双线性映射编码技术构建表征个人隐私信息的比特序列信息模型,提取比特序列信息的信息熵特征量,在密文域中对提取的特征量进行混沌加密设计.设计隐私保护敏感信息的密钥构造方案,运用到数字签名中,对每组信息进行分块加密和身份认证,实现隐私保护设计.仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行隐私保护,对用户敏感信息加密后的抗攻击性能较好,模型的可信度较高,具有较好的隐私保护能力.

海上风电柔性直流输电换流变差动保护的适应性分析

海上风电柔性直流输电系统的故障特性有别于常规电力系统,因此常规继电保护方案应用于海上风电柔性直流输电系统时可能存在适应性不足的风险。分析了海上风电柔性直流输电系统故障情形下,不对称的电气量引发的谐波分量以及故障穿越过程中的负序抑制、限流措施对差动保护的影响。推导了计及序分量的差动保护灵敏度计算式并进行适应性分析,指出故障情形下的奇次谐波容易对差动保护产生影响,负序抑制及限流措施也将导致差动保护灵敏度下降。结合实际示范工程的仿真系统进行了大量仿真计算,结果表明,常规差动保护方案的灵敏性、可靠性均存在下降的问题。

外国人乘坐境内交通工具实名制管理工作中的数据安全保护问题研究

我国交通运输工具实名制管理离不开数据安全。随着经济文化蓬勃发展,来华外国人日趋增多。由于外国人在境内乘坐交通工具时存在识别核验困难、人员往来分散、登记漏失、文化差异误解等问题,采用实名制管理的数据安全保护问题凸显。文中分析了外国人乘坐境内交通运输工具实名制管理的重要性和存在的数据安全问题,讨论了公共安全秩序中的数据安全保护问题,并提出了数据保护对策,为提升数据安全保护能力提供了借鉴。