An experimental device was designed for studying methane explosion ignited by sparks of cable bolt breakage. With the methane concentration being in explosion range, a series of experiments were conducted to study the...An experimental device was designed for studying methane explosion ignited by sparks of cable bolt breakage. With the methane concentration being in explosion range, a series of experiments were conducted to study the law of spark generation during cable bolt breakage and the probability of methane explosion caused by the spark. The results show that the probability of generating sparks during cable bolt breakage is 50%. The spark generated by the breakage of steel cable bolt strand can't ignite a methane explosion. A detection was carried out using infrared-ray imaging apparatus (IRIA) to measure temperature of the spark generated by cable bolt breakage. It is indicated that the maximum temperature of the spark generated by cable bolt breakage is far less than the required ignition temperature for a methane explosion.展开更多
In this paper, two types of underwater discharges, spark discharge and corona discharge, are investigated by optical diagnosis using a high speed framing camera （HSFC） with the framing time within nanoseconds under ...In this paper, two types of underwater discharges, spark discharge and corona discharge, are investigated by optical diagnosis using a high speed framing camera （HSFC） with the framing time within nanoseconds under the same experimental conditions. In order to capture the photographs of streamer propagation, the influence of the randomicity of the prebreakdown duration is taken into consideration. By increasing the conductivity of water, the randomicity reduces effectively. Experimental results show that, for a spark discharge, the process can be separated into three stages： the generation and propagation of a streamer, the generation and expansion of the discharge channel, and the development and annihilation of the plasma. The streamers do not directly move to the opposite electrode, but form a bush-like figure. With the increase of the number of branches, the velocity of streamer propagation slows down. The trajectory of the initial channel between electrodes is not straight. However, with the channel expanding, its shape transforms into a straight column. For a corona discharge, there are two stages： the generation and propagation of a streamer, and the stagnation and annihilation of the streamer. The initial streamer in a corona discharge is generated later than in a spark discharge. The forms of streamers for both kinds of discharge are similar; however, streamers generated by a corona discharge propagate with a slower velocity and the number of branches is less compared with a spark discharge. When the energy injection stops, the luminescence of plasma inside the discharge channel （spark discharge） or streamers （corona discharge） becomes weaker and weaker, and finally disappears.展开更多
This is the twinned paper of the increased mass paper, “Gravity is acting at superluminous infinite speed, thus collapsing special theory of relativity of Einstein, an explanation for almost everything (according to ...This is the twinned paper of the increased mass paper, “Gravity is acting at superluminous infinite speed, thus collapsing special theory of relativity of Einstein, an explanation for almost everything (according to the authors’ rigorous mathematical proof and overwhelming experimental evidence)"?[1]. In the present paper, we describe the repeated spark or repeat current in terms of the hidden, Non-Relativistic Longitudinal Cardinal Ampere Force which is not found yet infallible for every case. The impressive finding is the fact that these repeated sparks as we shall see, have no back-emf, but forward-emf and forward-Ampere-motive-force. The only consumption is the resistive load with the very high currents needed. This means its total energy consumption is less than the released energy-output work plus heat, plus the energy recharging the batteries. All these are in excess of the consumed input energy. This means the Repeated sparking is “over-unity” efficiency and that, using super-conductive materials, we shall have constructed the first “perpetual mobile” plus producing extra electrical energy. Several previous journals that we did not mention here their names did not dare to publish our disliked papers of very important and revolutionary results but were not able to counter argue our arguments. They preferred the silence and have not answered us at all for many years now. Even some of them were involved previously with the repeated sparking which is the same topic of our present paper.展开更多
文摘An experimental device was designed for studying methane explosion ignited by sparks of cable bolt breakage. With the methane concentration being in explosion range, a series of experiments were conducted to study the law of spark generation during cable bolt breakage and the probability of methane explosion caused by the spark. The results show that the probability of generating sparks during cable bolt breakage is 50%. The spark generated by the breakage of steel cable bolt strand can't ignite a methane explosion. A detection was carried out using infrared-ray imaging apparatus (IRIA) to measure temperature of the spark generated by cable bolt breakage. It is indicated that the maximum temperature of the spark generated by cable bolt breakage is far less than the required ignition temperature for a methane explosion.
文摘In this paper, two types of underwater discharges, spark discharge and corona discharge, are investigated by optical diagnosis using a high speed framing camera （HSFC） with the framing time within nanoseconds under the same experimental conditions. In order to capture the photographs of streamer propagation, the influence of the randomicity of the prebreakdown duration is taken into consideration. By increasing the conductivity of water, the randomicity reduces effectively. Experimental results show that, for a spark discharge, the process can be separated into three stages： the generation and propagation of a streamer, the generation and expansion of the discharge channel, and the development and annihilation of the plasma. The streamers do not directly move to the opposite electrode, but form a bush-like figure. With the increase of the number of branches, the velocity of streamer propagation slows down. The trajectory of the initial channel between electrodes is not straight. However, with the channel expanding, its shape transforms into a straight column. For a corona discharge, there are two stages： the generation and propagation of a streamer, and the stagnation and annihilation of the streamer. The initial streamer in a corona discharge is generated later than in a spark discharge. The forms of streamers for both kinds of discharge are similar; however, streamers generated by a corona discharge propagate with a slower velocity and the number of branches is less compared with a spark discharge. When the energy injection stops, the luminescence of plasma inside the discharge channel （spark discharge） or streamers （corona discharge） becomes weaker and weaker, and finally disappears.
文摘This is the twinned paper of the increased mass paper, “Gravity is acting at superluminous infinite speed, thus collapsing special theory of relativity of Einstein, an explanation for almost everything (according to the authors’ rigorous mathematical proof and overwhelming experimental evidence)"?[1]. In the present paper, we describe the repeated spark or repeat current in terms of the hidden, Non-Relativistic Longitudinal Cardinal Ampere Force which is not found yet infallible for every case. The impressive finding is the fact that these repeated sparks as we shall see, have no back-emf, but forward-emf and forward-Ampere-motive-force. The only consumption is the resistive load with the very high currents needed. This means its total energy consumption is less than the released energy-output work plus heat, plus the energy recharging the batteries. All these are in excess of the consumed input energy. This means the Repeated sparking is “over-unity” efficiency and that, using super-conductive materials, we shall have constructed the first “perpetual mobile” plus producing extra electrical energy. Several previous journals that we did not mention here their names did not dare to publish our disliked papers of very important and revolutionary results but were not able to counter argue our arguments. They preferred the silence and have not answered us at all for many years now. Even some of them were involved previously with the repeated sparking which is the same topic of our present paper.
