Biomolecules of Interest Present in the Main Industrial Wood Species Used in Indonesia-A Review

As a tropical archipelagic country,Indonesia’s forests possess high biodiversity,including its wide variety of wood species.Valorisation of biomolecules released from woody plant extracts has been gaining attractive interests since in the middle of 20th century.This paper focuses on a literature review of the potential valorisation of biomolecules released from twenty wood species exploited in Indonesia.It has revealed that depending on the natural origin of the wood species studied and harmonized with the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge,the extractives derived from the woody plants have given valuable heritages in the fields of medicines and pharmacology.The families of the bioactive compounds found in the extracts mainly consisted of flavonoids,stilbenes,stilbenoids,lignans,tannins,simple phenols,terpenes,terpenoids,alkaloids,quinones,and saponins.In addition,biological or pharmacological activities of the extracts/isolated phytochemicals were recorded to have antioxidant,antimicrobial,antifungal,anti-inflammatory,anti-diabetes,anti-dysentery,anticancer,analgesic,anti-malaria,and anti-Alzheimer activities.Aside from these remarkable characteristics of woody plant extractives,further studies concerning the valorisation of these extractives in the fields of nutraceutical,cosmetic,bio-control,bio-stimulation,and other advanced applications would be of interest.

An Experimental Investigation of Fluidized Bed Gasification of Biomass Blended from Wood, Miscanthus, Straw and other Industrial Bioresidues

In order to identify potential wood substitutes for the production of energy by gasification, binary blends （wood/miscanthus, miscanthus/straw and wood/straw） and ternary blends （wood, miscanthus and organic residue） were systematic tested in a laboratory bubbling fluidized bed gasification system. The results of experiments were compared with results of wood gasification. Of the binary blends, wood and miscanthus exhibited great potential as a wood substitute in fluidized bed gasification in terms of process stability and product gas quality. Adding 10 wt. % of organic residues to form ternary blends further improved the product gas quality. Gasification of fuels blended with straw tended to agglomerate in the fluidized bed because of straw＇s low ash melting temperature. This can be counteracted by adding Ca（OH）2 to fuels. Nonetheless, fuels blended with straw with higher percentages of Ca（OH）2 need further study to establish the optimal additive ratio.

Little Secrets for the Successful Industrial Use of Tannin Adhesives:A Review

This brief article reviews a very particular and quite narrowfield,namely what has been done and what is needed to know for tannin adhesives for wood panels to succeed industrially.The present fashionable focus on bioadhe-sives has led to producing chemical adhesive formulations and approaches for tannin adhesives as a subject of academic publications.These,as good and original they might be,are and will still remain a rather empty aca-demic exercise if not put to the test of real industrial trials and industrial use.They will remain so without the“little”secrets and techniques outlined here that show that there is a great gap between developing an adhesive formulation in the laboratory and the hard reality to make it work where it does really count,in its industrial application.It outlines the fact that even more modern and excellent,newly developed bioadhesive formulations might well miserably fail once tried in the industry if the problems that always arise in their upgrading are not identified and solved,and solved well.It also outlines the fact that not only must costs always be taken into account and that a practical and possibly easy-to-handle approach must always be used,but too expensive or complex and unyielding adhesive systems are also often shown to be unusable or unsuitable in industry.

The possibilities of entering new markets for Romanian companies from wood manufacturing industries

Romania has the potential of resources, labor and real capacity to adapt to the gait of a global economic competition. But it required a long term policy and environment which could support this potential value. If not, we will risk turning into a consumer economy, consumption will not be funded on internal production and become supplier of labor services for peripheral. In the context of economic crisis, Romanian furniture retains its significant competitive advantages, including the price in export markets. The most important markets for exporters of furniture from Romania are Ukraine and Russia, markets with great potential, but affected by problems such as devaluing local currencies, and recently, imposing new duties.

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Wood Ash for Agronomic Purposes

The oil refinery of the food products company SOPAL, located in the port area of TOGO, produces an average of 200 kg of eucalyptus wood ash per day. This ash is stored in large quantities within the premises of the refinery, without any disposal solution. The aim of this study is to identify the physico-chemical properties of SOPAL’s wood ash for agronomic valorization. Physico-chemical analyses reveal the presence of major and secondary elements such as potassium (15.71 g/kg DM), phosphorus (27.90 g/kg DM), calcium (9.76 g/kg DM), magnesium (0.03 g/kg DM), sodium (1.24 g/kg DM), iron (1.49 g/kg DM) and manganese (7.82 g/kg DM). The pH is alkaline (12.97) with fairly high conductivity (24.10 mS/Cm). Heavy metals identified are cobalt (0.19 mg/kg DM), cadmium (0.10 mg/kg DM), lead (1.14 mg/kg DM), copper (19.77 mg/kg DM) and nickel (12.82 mg/kg DM). The results show that the ash contains considerable amount of major and secondary elements for agronomic uses.

Heat-treated wood and its development in Europe

Efficient use of timber is a vital concern problem, especially in these regions where the forestry coverage ratio is decreasing. Studies on physical modification of wood have been taken more attention due to the increasing attentions on environmental protection. Thermal modification is emphasized and developed quickly in developing countries, especially in European countries. A large number of researches have been conducted and some industrial production plants have been built. This paper reviewed the history of heat treatment, exemplifies the industrial developments in several European countries, summarized the basic principle of heat treatment and describes the environmental characteristics. The properties of heat-treated wood and its usage are also summed up.

A model of supplying poplar wood for Iranian paper & wood factories

The objective of this research is to design a method for an appropriate alternative to supply poplar wood as raw material for wood and paper factories in Iran. Due to the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, replacement of the forest wood by the fast growing wood is vital to satisfy all requirements of these factories. A hierarchy was used to prioritize benefits, opportunities, costs and risks （BOCR） using the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） ratings approach. To evaluate the ＂control criteria＂ of the system, a control hierarchy was also created and prioritized by applying the Analytic Network Process （ANP）. A total of four major control criteria in the system are prioritized where each one controls a network structure evaluated by using ANE The final synthesis results of the system showed that internal poplar tree farming supplied by the forest product factories was the best choice among three potential alternatives （factory procurement, external procurement and mix procurement）.

Wood Pellet Co-Firing for Electric Generation Source of Income for Forest Based Low Income Communities in Alabama

Alabama imports coal from other states to generate electricity. This paper assessed the direct and indirect economic impacts of wood pellet production to be co-fired with coal for power generation in Alabama. Four sizes of wood pellet plants and regional input-output models were used for the analysis. The results showed that the economic impact increases with the size of the plant. Wood pellet production will have a multiplier effect on the economy especially, forest-related services, retail stores, the health service industry, and tax revenue for the government. Domestic wood pellet production can reduce the use of imported coal, allow the use of local woody biomass, and create economic activities in Alabama’s rural communities. Policies that support the production of wood pellet will serve to encourage the use of wood for power generation and support the rural economies.

Rejuvenating wood carving industry in Taiwan Sanyi： A perspective of strategic management

This research aimed at providing suggestions to rejuvenate the wood carving industry in Taiwan Sanyi. The authors conducted interviews with representative store keepers and sculptors to gain industrial insights, and applied the strategic matrix analysis developed by Dr. Seetoo to examine industrial conditions and formulate strategic suggestions for wood carving companies. The industry was found lack of market orientation, which was considered as the critical factor of the long term depression. However, a market of tourism for nostalgic and cultural experience started developing in the near area, providing opportunities for Sanyi wood carving industry to recover. The main suggestions the authors made are （1） restructuring the product scope to respond to the market, and （2） branding with resorts in near area.

我国木材工业企业数字化车间发展现状与思考

智能制造是我国制造业发展的重要方向,数字化车间是智能制造系统的核心基础单元,我国各省级政府高度重视数字化车间的认定工作。本文以我国各省级政府官方网站的公开信息为依据,梳理了2016—2023年我国木材工业企业获得省级数字化车间认定的总体情况,并且从年份、地区、细分领域3个维度进行了系统分析,阐明了我国木材工业企业省级数字化车间的发展现状与分布特征。基于木材工业企业的发展现状,提出了我国木材工业企业开展数字化车间建设的建议,形成了“以需求为主、分步实施”的建设思路。

2023年中国三聚氰胺产业和进出口贸易现状及其在木材加工业应用分析

以中国海关、中国林产工业协会、中国氮肥工业协会发布的数据作为数据采集源,分析2023年中国三聚氰胺产量,进出口贸易量、单价以及贸易对象,并浅析三聚氰胺在木材加工业的应用情况。2023年中国三聚氰胺产量约145万t,同比上年略有下降,但基本持平。进口量为265.93 t,创近10年历史新低,但是进口单价达到近10年最高。出口量理性回归,较上年小幅下降,为47.65万t,平均出口单价也逐渐回归常态。三聚氰胺广泛用于三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸、胶黏剂、涂料和阻燃剂等木材加工业。

中国人造板产业标准化发展30年回顾与展望

标准化在推动产品和服务质量提升、促进转型升级、推进高质量发展、保护消费者权益等方面都发挥着重要的支撑和引领作用。人造板标准化在中国人造板产业发展中发挥了重要作用。本文回顾了30年以来中国人造板产业标准化发展取得主要成就,结合建设支撑现代化人造板产业体系与人造板质量强国的需求,提出了中国人造板标准化工作未来发展目标和4项工作重点。

广西人造板产业存在的主要问题及对策建议

为破解广西人造板产业“大而不强”的困局,根据Wind金融终端、广西林业产业协会统计数据、IncoPat专利数据库等剖析了广西人造板产业链上中下游市场、产业政策的引领与落地,产业“大而不强”的现状,指出了存在融资难、创新弱、名牌少等主要问题,并从强化要素保障、激发创新活力、推进品牌建设、提升产业层次等方面提出了对策建议,以便为产业发展的形势研判,提供科学数据支撑。

“双碳”背景下木材加工产业的发展重点与方向的研讨

在国家“双碳”目标的指引下,绿色低碳的木材加工行业将迎来重要的发展机遇。本文分析了木材加工行业与“双碳”目标的关联性,探讨了传统木材加工行业的具体发展路径,并在新型功能材料、建筑、家具、能源等领域提出了木材加工利用的发展建议,旨在为我国木材加工行业的绿色低碳高质量发展提供借鉴。

木材产业绿色低碳发展路径浅析

随着全球对环境保护和可持续发展的重视,木材产业作为重要的经济产业之一,其绿色低碳发展变得至关重要,但面临着资源消耗、环境污染等挑战。为实现绿色低碳高质量发展,提出了一系列建议和措施,从产业结构优化、生产工艺优化、木材资源循环利用、绿色低碳标准建设和行业交流合作5个方面,深入剖析推动木材产业绿色低碳发展的关键因素。旨在探讨木材产业实现绿色低碳发展的有效路径,为实现全球绿色低碳发展做出贡献。

粉尘爆炸载荷作用下钢框架结构动力响应分析

通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件进行非线性有限元分析,对不同温度和爆炸荷载作用下单层钢框架厂房结构柱跨中和梁柱节点的动力响应特性进行分析。模拟结果表明:木粉尘爆炸产生的高温和爆炸荷载作用下钢框架结构工业厂房边跨柱较中柱更易发生变形,当温度不低于500℃时,边跨角柱较边跨中柱更易发生弯曲变形;在粉尘爆炸产生的不低于500℃高温和不低于8.3×10^(4)Pa荷载作用下,单层钢框架厂房边跨角柱与梁的连接节点相较于边跨中柱与梁的连接节点更易产生竖向位移。

中国实木家具智能制造技术研究与应用现状

随着全球家居消费市场的变革,定制实木家具已成为行业发展的新趋势。目前,数字化设计与制造技术在家具企业中的应用虽有一定的基础,但距离真正意义上的智能制造还存在较大差距,突破实木家具数字化设计与智能制造关键技术已成为未来家居产业变革的重要方向。从实木家具产品界定和特征、实木家具产品的市场需求现状、实木家具智能制造技术研究与应用三方面对实木家具智能制造转型升级的基本情况进行综述,详细分析了产品数字化设计存在短板、智能化设备和柔性化制造水平落后、智能管理技术和方法缺失、智能物流与服务需要提升等四方面实木家具智能制造面对的技术问题;在此基础上,提出了现阶段我国实木家具智能制造的关键技术突破方向,包括构建实木家具原材料与零部件的标准化体系、形成实木定制家具产品数字化设计方法、突破实木家具智能化设备和柔性生产线的研发、优化实木家具生产工艺及其流程、实现实木家具工艺技术数字化和管控平台智能化与可视化、推进实木家具产业链协同发展。为传统实木家具产业高质量发展过程中如何创新和占领市场起到借鉴作用,也为世界了解中国家具智能制造的发展情况提供帮助。

中国人造板工业的发展历程与未来展望

人造板工业是木材综合利用、高效利用和高值化利用的重要途径。人造板原料来自可再生的森林资源,其生产过程的碳排放远低于钢材、塑料、水泥等材料。发展人造板工业不仅可以缓解我国木材供需矛盾,助力我国“碳中和”目标实现,而且还能提高营林效益、推动人工林建设、改善生态环境。本文简要回顾了我国人造板工业100年来的发展历程,从产业发展速度和质量的视角,提出我国人造板工业的发展分为4个阶段:培育和成长期(1920—1990)、快速发展期(1991—2008)、高速发展期(2009—2020)和高质量发展期(2021至今)。前3个阶段我国人造板产量年平均增速分别为3.5万m^(3)、507万m^(3)和1087.6万m^(3)。重点比较分析了胶合板、刨花板和纤维板在我国人造板工业发展过程中的历史地位和变化。文章还对我国人造板工业的未来发展进行了展望,认为挑战和机遇并存,高质量发展和绿色循环低碳发展是我国人造板工业未来的发展方向和必由之路。

“双碳”战略下中国人造板产业的绿色发展之路

“双碳”战略背景下,我国人造板产业逐步迈进绿色低碳循环发展阶段。人造板产业具有的储碳和碳减排潜力,对助力“碳达峰、碳中和”具有积极作用。本文分析了我国人造板产业背景,并从宏观、中观、微观三个层面研究人造板产业绿色发展路径,对人造板产业未来的绿色发展提出了建议。

我国人造板工业对尿素及三聚氰胺市场需求分析

简要论述了我国人造板工业发展现状,按板种分析了近10年来生产情况。详细分析了我国人造板脲醛树脂消耗情况和工业尿素消耗情况,在此基础上预测我国人造板工业尿素需求前景。通过分析我国人造板需求三聚氰胺现状,并基于此预测三聚氰胺需求趋势。以期为尿素、三聚氰胺等生产企业进入我国人造板市场提供参考,同时为政府有关部门、证券公司及期货公司等科学决策,提供数据支撑。