[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the cause of the generation of short-term heavy precipitations in a regional heavy rainstorm in Shannxi Province. [Method] Taking a heavy rainstorm covering most parts of Shaanx...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the cause of the generation of short-term heavy precipitations in a regional heavy rainstorm in Shannxi Province. [Method] Taking a heavy rainstorm covering most parts of Shaanxi Province in late July 2010 as an example, data of five Doppler weather radars in Shaanxi Province were employed for a detailed analysis of the evolution of the heavy rainstorm pro- cess. [Result] Besides the good large-scale weather background conditions, the de- velopment and evolution of some mesoscale and small-scale weather systems direct- ly led to short-term heavy precipitations during the heavy rainstorm process, involv- ing the intrusion of moderate IS-scale weak cold air and presence of small-scale wind shear, convergence and adverse wind area. In addition, small-scale convection echoes were arranged in lines and formed a ＂train effect＂, which would also con- tribute to the generation of short-term heavy precipitation. [Conclusion] This study provided basic information for more clear and in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism of short-term heavy precipitations.展开更多
Objective To explore associations between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2)and the risk of cardiovascular events in a Chinese population,with a long-term follow-up.Methods A random sample of 2,031 parti...Objective To explore associations between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2)and the risk of cardiovascular events in a Chinese population,with a long-term follow-up.Methods A random sample of 2,031 participants(73.6%males,mean age=60.4 years)was derived from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study(APAC)from 2010 to 2011.Serum Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The composite endpoint was a combination of first-ever stroke,myocardial infarction(MI)or all-cause death.Lp-PLA2 associations with outcomes were assessed using Cox models.Results The median Lp-PLA2 level was 141.0 ng/m L.Over a median follow-up of 9.1 years,we identified 389 events(19.2%),including 137 stroke incidents,43 MIs,and 244 all-cause deaths.Using multivariate Cox regression,when compared with the lowest Lp-PLA2 quartile,the hazard ratios with95%confidence intervals for developing composite endpoints,stroke,major adverse cardiovascular events,and all-cause death were 1.77(1.24–2.54),1.92(1.03–3.60),1.69(1.003–2.84),and 1.94(1.18–3.18)in the highest quartile,respectively.Composite endpoints in 145(28.6%)patients occurred in the highest quartile where Lp-PLA2(159.0 ng/m L)was much lower than the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists recommended cut-off point,200 ng/m L.Conclusion Higher Lp-PLA2 levels were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular event/death in a middle-aged Chinese population.The Lp-PLA2 cut-off point may be lower in the Chinese population when predicting cardiovascular events.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors.Compared with traditional treatments such as surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,PDT has the advantages of targeted killing ...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors.Compared with traditional treatments such as surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,PDT has the advantages of targeted killing of primary and recurrent tumor cells,less damage to surrounding normal tissue,less complications and high repetition rate.The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy and adverse reactions of photodynamic therapy in advanced elderly patients with esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma without surgical indications.A patient with advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagus and fundus was treated with photodynamic therapy under gastroscope.Intravenous drip of Cipofen(hematoporphyrin injection 150mg/0.9%saline 250ml)for 1 hour to keep the patient away from light.48 hours after administration,photodynamic therapy was performed with"Leimai"PDT630-A photodynamic therapy apparatus,3cm columnar optical fiber,laser treatment wavelength of 630nm,transmission efficiency of 0.70,output power of 1.4W,irradiation at the lower segment of the esophagus and cardia for 150s.The curative effect was evaluated by comparing gastroscopy before and after photodynamic therapy.Before treatment,there were proliferative lesions in the lower part of esophagus and cardia,erosion and necrosis on the surface,stricture of esophageal cavity,huge ulcer near gastric fundus,filthy moss and dam-like hyperplasia and eminence of surrounding mucosa.After treatment,the local mucosa at the entrance of cardia became white and there was no bleeding.Within four days after treatment,the symptoms of nausea and vomiting disappeared;the adverse reaction of retrosternal discomfort began to occur on the second day after operation,and the adverse reaction was not improved after photodynamic therapy.Photodynamic therapy has a significant short-term effect on advanced elderly patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction,which can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms and relieve the pain of the patients.However,the adverse reactions can not be ignored.Therefore,photodynamic targeting therapy for tumor needs to be futher studied.It is believed that with the continuous development of high-performance photosensitizers and new generation lasers,and the continuous progress of endoscopy and image guidance technology,photodynamic therapy will become an important adjuvant or palliative treatment for tumor prevention and treatment.展开更多
Objective:The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of short-term protocols for Helicobacter pylori eradication and to review the safety and adverse profiles of these er...Objective:The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of short-term protocols for Helicobacter pylori eradication and to review the safety and adverse profiles of these eradication protocols.Methods:Literatures were located through electronic searches by PubMed,Medline,ISI Web of Knowledge,and Cochrane Library using the relevant terms.Abstracts of important meetings were searched manually in some journal supplements.Additional bibliographies were identified from the reference lists of identified studies.Three independent reviewers systemically identified randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing short-duration protocols vs.7-d proton pump inhibitor(PPI)-based triple protocols,as well as studies reporting eradication rates of short-duration protocols for H.pylori.Summary effect size was calculated as relative risk(RR) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) using Review Manager 4.2,and P<0.05 was defined as statistically significant in all analyses.Results:Among 90 abstracts retrieved,15 studies were analyzed,including a total of 30 treatment regimens with 1856 subjects.Mean intention-to-treat(ITT) cure rates of 63.2% and 81.3% were achieved with short-term protocols and 7-d PPI-containing protocols,respectively.Per-protocol(PP)-based overall cure rates were 66.6% and 86.1%,respectively.Short-term therapy was inferior to 7-d triple regimen(P<0.00001).After sub-analysis,however,comparing the effects of ≥3-d protocols and 7-d triple protocols,the cumulative ITT RR was 0.95(P=0.26),and PP RR was 0.95(P=0.10),without significant heterogeneity.Moreover,slightly fewer adverse-effects were found in short-term protocols.Conclusions:Although more economical,short-duration protocols are inferior to 7-d PPI-based triple protocols with regarding to eradication rate of H.pylori.Protocols of more than 3 d,however,may be equivalent to 7-d protocols.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for National Weather Service Forecaster of China (CMAYBY2011-050)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the cause of the generation of short-term heavy precipitations in a regional heavy rainstorm in Shannxi Province. [Method] Taking a heavy rainstorm covering most parts of Shaanxi Province in late July 2010 as an example, data of five Doppler weather radars in Shaanxi Province were employed for a detailed analysis of the evolution of the heavy rainstorm pro- cess. [Result] Besides the good large-scale weather background conditions, the de- velopment and evolution of some mesoscale and small-scale weather systems direct- ly led to short-term heavy precipitations during the heavy rainstorm process, involv- ing the intrusion of moderate IS-scale weak cold air and presence of small-scale wind shear, convergence and adverse wind area. In addition, small-scale convection echoes were arranged in lines and formed a ＂train effect＂, which would also con- tribute to the generation of short-term heavy precipitation. [Conclusion] This study provided basic information for more clear and in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism of short-term heavy precipitations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant No. 81973112 and Grant No.9204930002]
文摘Objective To explore associations between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2)and the risk of cardiovascular events in a Chinese population,with a long-term follow-up.Methods A random sample of 2,031 participants(73.6%males,mean age=60.4 years)was derived from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study(APAC)from 2010 to 2011.Serum Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The composite endpoint was a combination of first-ever stroke,myocardial infarction(MI)or all-cause death.Lp-PLA2 associations with outcomes were assessed using Cox models.Results The median Lp-PLA2 level was 141.0 ng/m L.Over a median follow-up of 9.1 years,we identified 389 events(19.2%),including 137 stroke incidents,43 MIs,and 244 all-cause deaths.Using multivariate Cox regression,when compared with the lowest Lp-PLA2 quartile,the hazard ratios with95%confidence intervals for developing composite endpoints,stroke,major adverse cardiovascular events,and all-cause death were 1.77(1.24–2.54),1.92(1.03–3.60),1.69(1.003–2.84),and 1.94(1.18–3.18)in the highest quartile,respectively.Composite endpoints in 145(28.6%)patients occurred in the highest quartile where Lp-PLA2(159.0 ng/m L)was much lower than the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists recommended cut-off point,200 ng/m L.Conclusion Higher Lp-PLA2 levels were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular event/death in a middle-aged Chinese population.The Lp-PLA2 cut-off point may be lower in the Chinese population when predicting cardiovascular events.
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors.Compared with traditional treatments such as surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,PDT has the advantages of targeted killing of primary and recurrent tumor cells,less damage to surrounding normal tissue,less complications and high repetition rate.The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy and adverse reactions of photodynamic therapy in advanced elderly patients with esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma without surgical indications.A patient with advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagus and fundus was treated with photodynamic therapy under gastroscope.Intravenous drip of Cipofen(hematoporphyrin injection 150mg/0.9%saline 250ml)for 1 hour to keep the patient away from light.48 hours after administration,photodynamic therapy was performed with"Leimai"PDT630-A photodynamic therapy apparatus,3cm columnar optical fiber,laser treatment wavelength of 630nm,transmission efficiency of 0.70,output power of 1.4W,irradiation at the lower segment of the esophagus and cardia for 150s.The curative effect was evaluated by comparing gastroscopy before and after photodynamic therapy.Before treatment,there were proliferative lesions in the lower part of esophagus and cardia,erosion and necrosis on the surface,stricture of esophageal cavity,huge ulcer near gastric fundus,filthy moss and dam-like hyperplasia and eminence of surrounding mucosa.After treatment,the local mucosa at the entrance of cardia became white and there was no bleeding.Within four days after treatment,the symptoms of nausea and vomiting disappeared;the adverse reaction of retrosternal discomfort began to occur on the second day after operation,and the adverse reaction was not improved after photodynamic therapy.Photodynamic therapy has a significant short-term effect on advanced elderly patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction,which can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms and relieve the pain of the patients.However,the adverse reactions can not be ignored.Therefore,photodynamic targeting therapy for tumor needs to be futher studied.It is believed that with the continuous development of high-performance photosensitizers and new generation lasers,and the continuous progress of endoscopy and image guidance technology,photodynamic therapy will become an important adjuvant or palliative treatment for tumor prevention and treatment.
基金(No. 2008C33053) supported by the Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province,China
文摘Objective:The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of short-term protocols for Helicobacter pylori eradication and to review the safety and adverse profiles of these eradication protocols.Methods:Literatures were located through electronic searches by PubMed,Medline,ISI Web of Knowledge,and Cochrane Library using the relevant terms.Abstracts of important meetings were searched manually in some journal supplements.Additional bibliographies were identified from the reference lists of identified studies.Three independent reviewers systemically identified randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing short-duration protocols vs.7-d proton pump inhibitor(PPI)-based triple protocols,as well as studies reporting eradication rates of short-duration protocols for H.pylori.Summary effect size was calculated as relative risk(RR) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) using Review Manager 4.2,and P<0.05 was defined as statistically significant in all analyses.Results:Among 90 abstracts retrieved,15 studies were analyzed,including a total of 30 treatment regimens with 1856 subjects.Mean intention-to-treat(ITT) cure rates of 63.2% and 81.3% were achieved with short-term protocols and 7-d PPI-containing protocols,respectively.Per-protocol(PP)-based overall cure rates were 66.6% and 86.1%,respectively.Short-term therapy was inferior to 7-d triple regimen(P<0.00001).After sub-analysis,however,comparing the effects of ≥3-d protocols and 7-d triple protocols,the cumulative ITT RR was 0.95(P=0.26),and PP RR was 0.95(P=0.10),without significant heterogeneity.Moreover,slightly fewer adverse-effects were found in short-term protocols.Conclusions:Although more economical,short-duration protocols are inferior to 7-d PPI-based triple protocols with regarding to eradication rate of H.pylori.Protocols of more than 3 d,however,may be equivalent to 7-d protocols.
