Government Intervention Measures Effectively Control COVID-19 Epidemic in Wuhan,China

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak has been brought under control through a nationwide effort,and now it has become a global pandemic and the situation seems grim.We summarized the measures taken in Wuhan and analyzed the effects to comprehensively describe the factors involved in controlling the COVID-19 in China.In China,several measures such as the lockdown of Wuhan,restriction of traffic and communities,increasing hospital beds,nationwide support from medical staff,epidemic prevention equipment and supplies,and establishment of makeshift shelter hospitals have been taken.The lockdown of Wuhan reduced the propagation of cases to other cities in Hubei province and throughout China,traffic and community restrictions reduced the flow of population and the spread of disease,increasing wards and beds and medical personnel reduced the incidence of severe cases and mortality,the establishment of the Fangcang shelter hospitals provided a good isolation and monitoring environment,and further reduced the spread and fatality of the disease.The fact that China was able to control the spread of COVID-19 within three months without a specific drug or vaccine suggests that these measures are more adequate and effective.

Government intervention model based on behavioral heterogeneity for China’s stock market

Active government intervention is a striking characteristic of the Chinese stock market.This study develops a behavioral heterogeneous agent model(HAM)comprising fundamentalists,chartists,and stabilizers to investigate investors’dynamic switching mechanisms under government intervention.The model introduces a new player,the stabilizer,into the HAM as a proxy for the government.We use the model to examine government programs during the 2015 China stock market crash and find that it can replicate the dynamics of investor sentiment and asset prices.In addition,our analysis of two simulations,specifically the data-generating processes and shock response analysis,further corroborates the key conclusion that our intervention model not only maintains market stability but also promotes the return of risk asset prices to their fun-damental values.The study concludes that government interventions guided by the new HAM can alleviate the dilemma between reducing price volatility and improving price efficiency in future intervention programs.

Market Economy Requires Wise Government Intervention

In China where there is a profound influence of "local magistrates as citizens’ parents" in the traditional sense, people are naturally inclined to rely on government authorities

Market regulation and government intervention of vocational education＇s development

Government intervention and market regulation are two important ways in the process of economic operations, effective govemment intervention and market regulation can promote development of economic. This article briefly summarizes economists defined the government intervention and market regulation in the history of economic. Since the founding of New China, it elaborated to defining process of government intervention and market regulation in the development China＇ s economic. Under the new situation, it proposed government intervention should combine market regulation to achieve sound and fast development of economic. Market regulation in the development of vocational education for the economic development is the goal of training practical talents of vocational education. This objective requires that vocational education must work closely with the needs of economics＇ development and service for the economics＇ development. Under the system of planned economy, contraction between supply of talent and needs of economic is planning to achieve indirectly through a unified government.

The Coordinated Development of University Autonomy and Government Intervention

University autonomy and government intervention are a pair of basic contradictions in the external relationship of higher education.Strategies of the Coordinated Development of University Autonomy and Government Intervention as follow:balance autonomy and intervention under the premise of public justice;establish a multi-centric co-governance with mutual restriction to realize good governance;modernize the governance capacity of universities with the rule of law as the core;build trust mechanism based on social choice by combining self-discipline with heteronomy.Only in this way,can we coordinate the development of university autonomy and government intervention.

Government Intervention and Support on SMEs Firm Performance

The small and medium enterprise firms are renowned for improving the na­tion’s economy through the provision of job opportunities for its populace,improving the financial and investment status of the countries and provi­sion of innovative products that meets the need of the people.SMEs are key players in the economy,through sustainable development goals(SDGs)enabling them to thrive in the open business environment and actively applying the digital transformation,promoting inclusive and sustainable in­dustrialization should be the core of any country government.This research is designed to explore the influence of government intervention and support on enterprise performance and growth in five business sectors-Hospitality,Education,Health care,Bottled Water Production and Transport and Logis­tics organizations.The research paper had a descriptive research design with a randomly selected sample size of one hundred and ninety-seven respondents.The research hypotheses were tested using(Factor Analysis and Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis)with Statistical Packages for Social Science(SPSS)version 25.The results of the study reveal that gov­ernment intervention policies and intervention programmes when instituted will promote the growth of business firms in Nigeria.Also identified are relevant recommendations that serve as motivation for policy administra­tors,entrepreneurs,and business managers to ensure that relevant interven­tion programme is adopted to boost performance and growth of the SME sector in Nigeria.

Government Role in Fostering Emerging Technological Industries:A New Perspective for Industrial Policy Research

Mainstream industrial policy research cannot fully explain how government interventions have helped China’s mobile communications industry catch up with and overtake those of advanced nations.China’s mobile communications industry made breakthroughs in 3G,caught up with advanced nations in 4G,and gained a leadership position in 5G due to the implementation and improvement of a strategy of industrial competition that accommodates mainstream standards and prioritizes the mid-band spectrum based on the integrated“technology,standard and industry”deployment system and swift decision-making.The introduction of a perspective of a strategy of industrial competition may supplement industrial policy research in the following ways:First,when the concerted actions of numerous innovators are important for industrial competition performance,an effective strategy of industrial competition can be devised and overall coordinated by the government provided that is compatible with the catch-up development of emerging technological industries.Second,an industrial policy becomes effective when it is complementary with the strategic factors for long-term industrial performance such as the strategy of industrial competition and avoids serious disruptions to market-based mechanisms.

On the Function of Government during the Economic Transformation in Our Country

The paper analyses the necessity of government playing a role in the economic transformation and the government function in the process of economic transformation to definite the role of state government of China in the process of economy transformation.

地方审计管理体制改革能抑制地方国有 企业金融资产配置吗?

以2015年末我国实施的省以下审计机关人财物管理试点改革作为准自然实验,选取2011—2020年A股地方国有企业为研究样本,利用双重差分模型实证检验地方审计管理体制改革对地方国有企业金融资产配置的影响。研究结果表明,地方审计管理体制改革有效抑制了地方国有企业金融资产配置规模。区分金融资产类别后研究发现,地方审计管理体制改革对企业显性金融资产规模的抑制效果较明显,但与隐性金融资产配置规模间无明显相关关系。进一步研究发现,当地方审计管理体制改革力度以及地方审计机关的审计强度越大时,政府审计对企业金融资产配置的抑制作用越明显。机制分析发现,地方审计管理体制改革通过规范政府干预缩减了地方国有企业显性金融资产配置规模,且在财政压力较大的地区这一抑制效果更为明显。

全国统一大市场如何推进企业绿色创新?——来自上市公司的经验证据

贯彻新发展理念是新时代我国高质量发展的必由之路,如何通过释放市场需求红利将全国统一大市场优势转变为企业绿色创新优势成为值得关注的重点问题。本文采用基于城市层面的市场潜力指标衡量全国统一大市场优势,利用上市企业绿色专利申请数量和被引次数分别反映企业绿色创新数量和质量,进而研究全国统一大市场优势对企业绿色创新的影响。结果显示,全国统一大市场优势显著促进企业绿色创新数量和质量的提高。进一步的作用机制分析表明,全国统一大市场通过减少资源错配、促进企业增加创新投入和减少企业销售成本等影响企业绿色创新。考虑不同企业所有制性质,不同行业、地区的企业绿色创新异质性,发现全国统一大市场对国企、重污染行业、中西部地区绿色创新效果更为显著。进一步考虑政府干预作用后的结果表明,地方政府的过度干预弱化了全国统一大市场优势的充分发挥。文章的研究结论对中国充分发挥全国统一大市场优势、鼓励企业绿色创新等具有重要的理论和现实意义。

城市群能否促进企业绿色创新?——来自城市群政策的准自然实验

城市群作为一种新型城镇化和区域一体化模式,为实现绿色发展提供了新动力。将城市群政策的实施作为准自然实验,选择2009-2021年A股上市公司为样本,研究了城市群政策对企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现,城市群政策能够显著提高城市群内企业的绿色创新质量和绿色创新总量。基于宏微观层面的作用机制检验表明,城市群政策通过在宏观层面减少行政垄断和政府干预,促进微观层面资金要素集聚和人才要素集聚,进而促进了企业绿色创新。进一步探讨城市群政策的空间效应发现,城市群对核心城市和非核心城市的企业绿色创新均具有显著的正向影响,但相较于单核心城市群,多核心城市群内企业绿色创新受到政策的正向影响更强。最后,异质性分析表明,在重点污染监控企业和国有企业中,城市群政策对绿色创新的促进效应更显著。研究结论不仅丰富了城市群政策评价和企业绿色创新影响因素的相关研究,也对于优化政府制度、促进发展方式绿色转型具有一定的启示意义。

政府干预视角下长三角城市群科技创新资源配置效率及影响因素分析

科技创新资源优化配置是贯彻落实创新驱动发展战略的必然要求。长三角城市群作为我国经济社会运行和科技事业发展的先行区,明确其科技创新资源配置效率差异及影响因素,对于打造创新型国家具有重要的推动作用。以政府干预为研究视角,运用超效率DEA模型和DEA-Malmquist模型对2011—2020年长三角城市群26个城市科技创新资源配置效率进行测算,并采用Tobit模型以政府干预为核心解释变量实证分析其影响因素。结果发现:长三角城市群科技创新资源配置效率整体呈现递增趋势,上海、宁波、苏州、杭州、南京的效率值排在前5位,但是城市群内部科技创新资源配置效率差异悬殊,区域空间格局极不平衡,其中政府干预、产业结构调整和城市化水平均对提高科技创新资源配置具有显著正向影响。因此,建议长三角各地政府围绕从科技创新资源投入至产出的各个环节制定相关法律法规,进一步规范科技创新资源配置方式,并加强城市之间的交流与合作。

整合与介入:“矛盾不上交”的基层治理逻辑

“矛盾不上交”是中国共产党探索出来并长期推广的基层治理模式,已然成为卓具中国特色的基层治理技术。“矛盾不上交”之所以具有治理效能,在于其具有“整合式治理”和“介入式治理”两种特征。从整合式治理的角度看,基层社会从结构维度实现了主体之间的关系整合、主体之间的能力整合、社会矛盾纠纷调处的制度整合,从机制维度体现了协商治理的运作过程。整合式治理在学理上体现了“复杂性管理”的逻辑。从介入式治理的角度看,当基层群众力量难以解决特定矛盾时,国家力量的介入能够在国家力量与社会力量的协同中实现矛盾的在地化解,这也体现了国家能力的价值。总体来看,“矛盾不上交”与关系维度的国家治理相契合,通过对人与人之间关系以及国家—社会关系的调整构建稳定的秩序,体现了人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体的价值意蕴。

地方政府环境治理与企业产能过剩

通过环境治理淘汰落后产能是新时代有效化解企业产能过剩的重要举措,相较于被动执行中央环境保护政策,地方政府工作报告中的环境治理目标和措施不仅可以有效发挥本级相关部门环境治理的主观能动性,还可以结合地区实际制定适宜的环境保护政策。然而,基于地方政府环境治理视角的研究较为匮乏。本文通过Python提取各地区政府工作报告中与环境保护相关词频,构建地方政府环境治理指标,实证检验了地方政府环境治理对企业产能过剩的影响。研究发现:第一,地方政府环境治理显著提升了企业产能利用率,该结果在采用工具变量法等方法进行内生性和稳健性检验后依然成立。第二,地方政府环境治理通过发挥“遵循成本效应”抑制企业过度投资,以及发挥“创新补偿效应”倒逼企业绿色技术创新,从而迫使企业淘汰落后产能、提升产能利用率。第三,地方政府环境治理的去产能效应在“产能攀比”激烈行业和市场化程度较高地区更为显著,且地方政府环境治理的去产能效应带动了企业价值提升。本文的研究不仅为产能过剩的政府干预理论提供了新证据,也延伸了政府环境治理化解产能过剩的理论框架,还为当前去产能政策的制定提供了借鉴。

工业互联网背景下高技术船舶企业融通创新演化研究——基于政府干预视角

构建工业互联网背景下地方政府、高技术船舶龙头企业及中小企业三方融通创新演化博弈模型,运用演化博弈理论分析三方稳定策略的博弈过程,探究政府干预和主体意愿对理想条件下系统演化的影响。结果表明:地方政府利用意义沟通、创新补贴、税收等干预手段能够明显加快高技术船舶龙头企业与中小企业参与融通创新的步伐,但过高的创新支持成本会加重政府负担,导致政府选择懒政;高技术船舶龙头企业与中小企业初始参与意愿较低时能够促使地方政府实施干预,但伴随两者意愿升高,地方政府是否干预受自身收益影响程度更大;高技术船舶龙头企业和中小企业参与融通创新演化速率均与其余主体初始意愿正相关。

能源系统低碳转型背景下的混合电力市场体系结构与设计

能源系统低碳转型的背景下,各国电力市场的运行面临多方面的政策边界,为解决政府如何干预市场以实现多维目标的问题,在以两阶段市场竞争理论为核心的混合电力市场的基础上,结合电力市场体系中政府与市场的驱动关系,对混合电力市场展开进一步研究。首先,对传统电力市场的均衡原理和面临的挑战进行了深入分析,并对电力市场中政府干预市场的原因进行分类讨论,包括外部性、市场体系不完善、市场机制不完善、市场竞争不完美等。然后,结合两阶段市场竞争理论对混合电力市场基本结构的意义和面临的挑战进行讨论。在此基础上,提出了包括短期和长期、市场和政府的两维四模块的混合电力市场扩展结构,并对其设计的关键步骤和内容进行了分析。最后,结合中国电力市场建设存在的问题,对混合电力市场中政府干预方式的设计进行了讨论。

协同联动:反家暴治理效能提升的逻辑与进路

预防和消除家庭暴力是防止衍生棘手社会问题,维护人格权益、社会文明、社会安定的必然要求。由于涉及的协同主体较多和部分受害者的落后思想观念,尽管已经进行了许多创新,但仍存在案件发现难、治理主体单一、协同效率不高、处置效率低等问题。借鉴国外以及国内反家暴联动干预机制的做法,考察并检视国内家庭暴力防治实践,提出反家暴联动机制的优化路径:健全协同治理制度、构建“秦家护e线上平台”或小程序、完善社会支持网络和联动机制、建立受暴者治疗和施暴者矫治中心、提供保护性与支持性的社工服务、创新反家暴社会工作宣传。

作为公共政策干预工具的“助推”:缘起、应用与批判

治理问题的复杂化对政策干预工具的多样性和灵活性提出了更高水平的要求。行为经济学揭示了人类非理性决策的诱因,为公共政策学提供了行为研究的洞见,推动了行为公共政策学的兴起,丰富了政策干预工具箱。作为行为政策干预工具,“助推”通过选择架构的调整来引导个体做出理性决策,已被广泛运用至福利政策、环境政策、财政政策等领域的实务改革中。但“助推”理论也存在许多值得反思的理论缺陷,在定位、人性假设、方法论、主体性、伦理、科学性和有效性等方面存在局限性。基于此,“助推”在运用过程中需要提高透明性和公开性,注重与其他政策干预工具的结合,以避免“助推”的偏狭性。

数字经济对综合产业竞争力的影响研究

我国正面临着新一轮的科技革命和产业变革,加快数字经济与产业发展相融合是提升我国产业竞争力的关键途径,对于实现产业数字化有着重要意义。本文选取我国2011—2021年30个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,探讨数字经济发展水平对于我国产业竞争力的影响作用。结果表明:数字经济对总体产业竞争力呈显著促进作用,但对第一产业竞争力影响不显著,对第二、第三产业呈正向影响。同时,数字经济通过促进数字技术创新水平可以提高产业竞争力,但对东中西部和东北地区产业竞争力的促进作用存在区域差异性。本文从数字经济如何提高产业竞争力方面提出相关政策建议,以供参考。

主要发达国家小城镇更新中政府干预方式的演变与启示

文章通过梳理主要发达国家小城镇的发展历程,以英国、美国、德国和日本四个国家小城镇为例,将小城镇的更新建设分为四个主要阶段。并从规划、法规、机制和经济四个方面分析政府干预方式在小城镇更新中的演变与启示,对我国的小城镇更新提出可借鉴的国际经验。