Gaussian Kernel Based SVR Model for Short-Term Photovoltaic MPP Power Prediction

Predicting the power obtained at the output of the photovoltaic(PV)system is fundamental for the optimum use of the PV system.However,it varies at different times of the day depending on intermittent and nonlinear environmen-tal conditions including solar irradiation,temperature and the wind speed,Short-term power prediction is vital in PV systems to reconcile generation and demand in terms of the cost and capacity of the reserve.In this study,a Gaussian kernel based Support Vector Regression(SVR)prediction model using multiple input variables is proposed for estimating the maximum power obtained from using per-turb observation method in the different irradiation and the different temperatures for a short-term in the DC-DC boost converter at the PV system.The performance of the kernel-based prediction model depends on the availability of a suitable ker-nel function that matches the learning objective,since an unsuitable kernel func-tion or hyper parameter tuning results in significantly poor performance.In this study for thefirst time in the literature both maximum power is obtained at max-imum power point and short-term maximum power estimation is made.While evaluating the performance of the suggested model,the PV power data simulated at variable irradiations and variable temperatures for one day in the PV system simulated in MATLAB were used.The maximum power obtained from the simu-lated system at maximum irradiance was 852.6 W.The accuracy and the perfor-mance evaluation of suggested forecasting model were identified utilizing the computing error statistics such as root mean square error(RMSE)and mean square error(MSE)values.MSE and RMSE rates which obtained were 4.5566*10-04 and 0.0213 using ANN model.MSE and RMSE rates which obtained were 13.0000*10-04 and 0.0362 using SWD-FFNN model.Using SVR model,1.1548*10-05 MSE and 0.0034 RMSE rates were obtained.In the short-term maximum power prediction,SVR gave higher prediction performance according to ANN and SWD-FFNN.

Multi-features fusion for short-term photovoltaic power prediction

In recent years,in order to achieve the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”,many countries have focused on the development of clean energy,and the prediction of photovoltaic power generation has become a hot research topic.However,many traditional methods only use meteorological factors such as temperature and irradiance as the features of photovoltaic power generation,and they rarely consider the multi-features fusion methods for power prediction.This paper first preprocesses abnormal data points and missing values in the data from 18 power stations in Northwest China,and then carries out correlation analysis to screen out 8 meteorological features as the most relevant to power generation.Next,the historical generating power and 8 meteorological features are fused in different ways to construct three types of experimental datasets.Finally,traditional time series prediction methods,such as Recurrent Neural Network(RNN),Convolution Neural Network(CNN)combined with eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),are applied to study the impact of different feature fusion methods on power prediction.The results show that the prediction accuracy of Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),stacked Long Short-Term Memory(stacked LSTM),Bi-directional LSTM(Bi-LSTM),Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN),and XGBoost algorithms can be greatly improved by the method of integrating historical generation power and meteorological features.Therefore,the feature fusion based photovoltaic power prediction method proposed in this paper is of great significance to the development of the photovoltaic power generation industry.

Analysis and Modeling of Time Output Characteristics for Distributed Photovoltaic and Energy Storage

Due to the unpredictable output characteristics of distributed photovoltaics,their integration into the grid can lead to voltage fluctuations within the regional power grid.Therefore,the development of spatial-temporal coordination and optimization control methods for distributed photovoltaics and energy storage systems is of utmost importance in various scenarios.This paper approaches the issue from the perspective of spatiotemporal forecasting of distributed photovoltaic(PV)generation and proposes a Temporal Convolutional-Long Short-Term Memory prediction model that combines Temporal Convolutional Networks(TCN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM).To begin with,an analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of PV generation is conducted,and outlier data is handled using the 3σ rule.Subsequently,a novel approach that combines temporal convolution and LSTM networks is introduced,with TCN extracting spatial features and LSTM capturing temporal features.Finally,a real spatiotemporal dataset from Gansu,China,is established to compare the performance of the proposed network against other models.The results demonstrate that the model presented in this paper exhibits the highest predictive accuracy,with a single-step Mean Absolute Error(MAE)of 1.782 and an average Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)of 3.72 for multi-step predictions.

Weather Prediction With Multiclass Support Vector Machines in the Fault Detection of Photovoltaic System

Since the efficiency of photovoltaic(PV) power is closely related to the weather,many PV enterprises install weather instruments to monitor the working state of the PV power system.With the development of the soft measurement technology,the instrumental method seems obsolete and involves high cost.This paper proposes a novel method for predicting the types of weather based on the PV power data and partial meteorological data.By this method,the weather types are deduced by data analysis,instead of weather instrument A better fault detection is obtained by using the support vector machines(SVM) and comparing the predicted and the actual weather.The model of the weather prediction is established by a direct SVM for training multiclass predictors.Although SVM is suitable for classification,the classified results depend on the type of the kernel,the parameters of the kernel,and the soft margin coefficient,which are difficult to choose.In this paper,these parameters are optimized by particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm in anticipation of good prediction results can be achieved.Prediction results show that this method is feasible and effective.

Forecasting Model of Photovoltaic Power Based on KPCA-MCS-DCNN

Accurate photovoltaic(PV)power prediction can effectively help the power sector to make rational energy planning and dispatching decisions,promote PV consumption,make full use of renewable energy and alleviate energy problems.To address this research objective,this paper proposes a prediction model based on kernel principal component analysis(KPCA),modified cuckoo search algorithm(MCS)and deep convolutional neural networks(DCNN).Firstly,KPCA is utilized to reduce the dimension of the feature,which aims to reduce the redundant input vectors.Then using MCS to optimize the parameters of DCNN.Finally,the photovoltaic power forecasting method of KPCA-MCS-DCNN is established.In order to verify the prediction performance of the proposed model,this paper selects a photovoltaic power station in China for example analysis.The results show that the new hybrid KPCA-MCS-DCNN model has higher prediction accuracy and better robustness.

Ultra-short-term Interval Prediction of Wind Power Based on Graph Neural Network and Improved Bootstrap Technique

Reliable and accurate ultra-short-term prediction of wind power is vital for the operation and optimization of power systems.However,the volatility and intermittence of wind power pose uncertainties to traditional point prediction,resulting in an increased risk of power system operation.To represent the uncertainty of wind power,this paper proposes a new method for ultra-short-term interval prediction of wind power based on a graph neural network(GNN)and an improved Bootstrap technique.Specifically,adjacent wind farms and local meteorological factors are modeled as the new form of a graph from the graph-theoretic perspective.Then,the graph convolutional network(GCN)and bi-directional long short-term memory(Bi-LSTM)are proposed to capture spatiotemporal features between nodes in the graph.To obtain highquality prediction intervals(PIs),an improved Bootstrap technique is designed to increase coverage percentage and narrow PIs effectively.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed method can capture the spatiotemporal correlations from the graph,and the prediction results outperform popular baselines on two real-world datasets,which implies a high potential for practical applications in power systems.

Multi-Level Inverter Linear Predictive Phase Composition Strategy for UPQC

The power system is facing numerous issues when the distributed gen-eration is added to the existing system.The existing power system has not been planned with flawless power quality control.These restrictions in the power trans-mission generation system are compensated by the use of devices such as the Static Synchronous Compensator(STATCOM),the Unified Power Quality Con-ditioner(UPQC)series/shunt compensators,etc.In this work,UPQC’s plan with the joint activity of photovoltaic(PV)exhibits is proposed.The proposed system is made out of series and shunt regulators and PV.A boost converter connects the DC link to the PV source,allowing it to compensate for voltage sags,swells,vol-tage interferences,harmonics,and reactive power issues.In this paper,the fea-tures of a seven-level Cascaded H-Bridge Multi-Level idea are applied to shunt and series active filter changeovers to reduce Total Harmonic Distortion and com-pensate for voltage issues.Despite its power quality capacity for common cou-pling,the proposed system can inject the grid’s dynamic power.During voltage interference,it can also provide a piece of delicate burden power.The simulation is carried out with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK programming,and the results are compared to those of other conventional methods.

基于新型相似日选取和VMD-NGO-BiGRU的短期光伏功率预测

光伏功率预测在现代电力系统调度和运行中起着重要作用.针对光伏发电功率的多变性和复杂性,提出了一种基于新型相似日选取和北方苍鹰算法(Northern Goshawk Optimization,NGO)优化双向门控循环单元(Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit,BiGRU)的短期光伏功率预测方法.首先,利用斯皮尔曼相关系数选取主要气象因子,通过变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)将原始光伏功率和最大气象因子分解重构为一系列子信号.其次,通过构建新的评价指标筛选出相似日数据集,利用一组BiGRU建立以相似日子信号为网络输入的深度学习模型,并利用NGO对每个BiGRU网络的超参数进行有效优化.最后,对各子信号的预测结果进行综合,得到最终的光伏功率预测值.仿真结果表明,所提混合深度学习方法在预测精度和计算效率方面均优于其他方法.

基于CNN-GRU-ISSA-XGBoost的短期光伏功率预测

针对光伏功率随机性及波动性大,单一预测模型往往难以准确分析历史数据波动规律,从而导致预测精度不高的问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络-门控循环单元(CNN-GRU)和改进麻雀搜索算法(ISSA)优化的极限梯度提升(XGBoost)模型的短期光伏功率预测组合模型.首先去除历史数据中的异常值并对其进行归一化处理,利用主成分分析法(PCA)进行特征选取,以便更好地识别影响光伏功率的关键因素.然后采用CNN网络提取数据的空间特征,再经过GRU网络提取时间特征,针对XGBoost模型手动配置参数困难、随机性大的问题,利用ISSA对模型超参数寻优.最后对两种方法预测的结果用误差倒数法减小误差的同时对权重进行更新,得到新的预测值,从而完成对光伏功率的预测.实验结果表明,所提出的CNN-GRU-ISSA-XGBoost组合模型具有更强的适应性和更高的精度.

基于遗传算法的光伏系统发电量预测

为准确预测光伏系统的发电量,构建了用遗传算法优化的BP神经网络发电量短期预测模型(简称GA-BP模型)。通过遗传算法的迭代,对BP神经网络的权值和阈值进行优化,以实现对算法的改进。对所选择国能日新光伏系统预测大赛的数据进行预处理、归一化,并将数据输入GA-BP模型,进行了实验。对比实验说明,GA-BP模型不管是在预测结果上还是在模型稳定性上都明显优于BP神经网络模型。

改进黑猩猩算法的光伏发电功率短期预测

针对晴空、非晴空条件下光伏出力预测精度不高等问题,提出一种改进K均值(K-means++)算法和黑猩猩优化算法CHOA(chimpanzee optimization algorithm)相结合,优化最小二乘支持向量机LSSVM(least squares support vector machine)的模型,进行光伏功率预测。首先,利用密度聚类和混合评价函数改进K-means++对原始数据进行自适应类别划分。其次,通过相关性分析和随机森林特征提取构建模型的输入特征集。最后,根据特征集建立基于DK-PCHOA-LSSVM的短期光伏发电预测模型。结合实际算例,结果表明:该模型在恶劣天气下预测精度明显优于其他模型,验证了其有效性和优越性。

基于IPSO-BPNN的楼宇屋顶光伏出力功率超短期预测

在建筑光伏一体化技术的背景下,准确预测屋顶光伏输出功率对于优化建筑能源管理和确保光伏电力的稳定并网至关重要。提出了一种基于IPSO-BPNN的楼宇屋顶光伏出力功率超短期预测模型,该模型引入Sine混沌序列初始化和精英粒子反向学习策略,改进了基本的PSO算法,并利用此算法对基本BPNN模型的超参数进行优化,从而实现了对屋顶光伏出力功率更加准确的预测。预测模型性能测试实验表明,所提出的IPSO-BPNN预测模型在不同季节的预测准确性和稳定性都有显著提高。该模型能够准确预测屋顶光伏发电功率,为建筑光伏一体化系统的稳定运行和能源管理提供切实可行的解决方案。

DPCA-POA-RF-Informer在多情景光伏多步预测中的应用

针对光伏发电波动性与不确定性对电力系统稳定产生的影响,对多情景光伏发电功率的多步预测进行研究。首先通过密度峰值算法根据太阳辐射量、温度、湿度等气象数据对天气状况进行精确分类。其次,为了使模型表现出更好的性能,建立了鹈鹕算法优化随机森林(POA-RF)的因素筛选特征变量,模型用鹈鹕算法对随机森林的决策树数目和深度两个参数进行寻优,加强了因素筛选的有效性。最后,基于Informer模型对不同天气状况的光伏功率进行多步预测。实例计算结果验证了所提模型预测精准度的有效性与精准性。

基于MBI-PBI-ResNet的超短期光伏功率预测

为了增强光伏并网的稳定性,提高光伏发电功率预测精度,提出一种基于相似日聚类、群分解(swarm decomposition, SWD)和MBI-PBI-Res Net深度学习网络模型的光伏发电功率超短期预测方法。首先,使用快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform, FFT)提取太阳辐照度的期望频率,将其作为聚类特征向量,并根据此聚类特征向量采用自适应仿射传播聚类(adaptive affinity propagation clustering, AdAP)实现相似日聚类。其次,对每一类相似日分别使用群分解算法进行分解,以提取原始数据的多尺度波动规律特征。最后,利用MBI-PBI-Res Net来实现对天气环境多变量关联影响下的时序特征挖掘以及对多尺度分量的局部波形空间特征和长时间依赖时序特征的同时挖掘,并对不同类型特征进行综合集成来实现光伏发电功率超短期预测。研究结果表明:所提方法在光伏发电功率超短期预测领域相较于其他深度学习方法预测精度提高了3%以上,说明此方法在光伏发电功率超短期预测领域具有较高的预测精度和较强的泛化能力。

基于TOPSIS-GRNN的机理-数据混合驱动光伏电站功率预测

针对传统光伏功率预测精度比较低的问题,文章提出了基于TOPSIS-GRNN的机理-数据混合驱动光伏电站功率预测模型。首先,对多个气象指标和光伏电站的输出功率进行了相关性分析,并选取了相关度较高的气象数据作为模型的输入因子,利用TOPSIS算法选择出最优相似日;然后,将光伏电站输出功率理论值和气象数据建立GRNN预测模型;最后,结合DKASC网站上的历史气象数据和功率数据,对该模型进行了仿真试验并验证。试验结果得出功率预测精度RMSE平均值为0.8269 kW,MAPE平均值为3.45%,MAE平均值为0.0195 kW。该预测方法的预测精度明显高于单一预测模型,具有一定的理论和实用价值。

考虑不同天气类型样本的光伏功率日内预测模型

太阳能具有清洁、安全、可再生的优点,光伏发电可减轻资源消耗,助力可持续发展,然而光伏功率易受天气影响,针对不同天气类型下光伏功率的预测也是一个研究难点。该研究着手于在不同天气类型下应用人工少数类过采样法(synthetic minority over-sampling technique,SMOTE)和机器学习进行光伏功率预测。首先,通过皮尔逊相关系数法选择出对光伏功率影响最大的气象因子;然后,根据重要程度较大的气象因子计算日照时数,通过给日照时数设定阈值进行划分,将天气分类为晴天、多云或阴天、覆雪,再通过SMOTE技术对各种天气类型下的样本进行扩充;最后,通过多种机器学习算法分别针对不同天气场景以及数据扩充前后构建光伏功率预测模型。通过案例分析可知,所提算法能对不同天气类型进行划分,并为不同天气类型下光伏功率预测存在的样本不平衡问题提供了一种解决方案,提升了不同天气场景下光伏功率的预测精度。

基于Transformer编码器的超短期光伏发电功率预测

针对现有光伏发电功率预测方法对于气象数据特征间的内在耦合关联特性挖掘不足的问题,提出基于Transformer编码器的超短期光伏发电功率预测方法。首先,基于历史气象数据和数值天气预报数据重构输入矩阵;然后,采用多层感知机或一维卷积滤波器生成输入嵌入,并添加时序信息嵌入和时间特征嵌入,再通过多头自注意力机制对数据特征间的内在耦合关系进行自动挖掘;最后,通过解码层生成功率预测序列。算例结果表明所提预测方法对于超短期光伏发电功率的预测精度更高,并且具有较好的鲁棒性。

基于权参数优化的并行深度学习光伏功率预测

针对不同应用场景下光伏数据波动模式差异较大时,现有的光伏发电功率预测模型存在精度及适应性不足的问题,提出了一种具有权参数自适应性的并行深度学习光伏发电功率预测框架。该框架包含2种可以并行预测的深度学习算法单元(Attention-Seq2Seq单元、Transformer单元)以及一个权参数自适应优化单元。基于所提出的并行深度学习框架,对光伏发电功率进行预测,并分别与Attention-Seq2Seq、Transformer模型的预测结果进行了对比验证。结果表明:基于权参数优化的并行深度学习光伏功率预测框架弥补了不同数据波动模式下单一算法预测精度和适应性不足的问题,也可以有效解决时间序列预测中的长距离依赖问题,较单一算法预测精度更高,其平均绝对误差和均方根误差在夏季典型日最大降幅分别是41.18%和45.59%,在冬季典型日最大降幅分别是81.13%和82.86%。

基于极限学习机模型参数优化的光伏功率区间预测技术

提出一种基于极限学习机(ELM)模型参数优化的光伏功率区间预测技术.首先,提出加权欧氏距离作为光伏功率预测区间评估指标,筛选历史样本单元并优化ELM训练集;然后,提出ELM参数混合寻优算法,利用精英保留策略遗传算法与分位数回归优化ELM模型隐层输入及输出权重与偏置参数,并采用训练后的模型预测光伏功率区间;最后,基于光伏电站与气象站历史数据构建实际算例,预测光伏功率区间,并与其他方法得到的结果进行对比.算例结果表明:所提方法在增加区间预测可信度的同时,能较大程度提高区间预测准确度.

基于考虑误差修正的非线性自适应权重组合模型的光伏发电功率预测

为了提高光伏电站光伏发电功率预测精度,解决极限梯度提升模型、长短期记忆模型2种传统单一模型及传统组合模型极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型的光伏发电功率预测结果滞后、预测效果易突变、预测误差较大、线性拟合性较差等不足,基于极限梯度提升算法、长短期记忆算法和线性自适应权重,提出一种考虑误差修正的非线性自适应权重极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型进行光伏发电功率预测;分别使用极限梯度提升算法和长短期记忆算法训练得到2种单一模型,将2种单一模型的初步预测值和真实值组成新的训练数据集,利用神经网络算法训练所提出的模型,对2种单一模型的初步预测值分配自适应权重系数,并根据训练时所提出模型的预测值大小分段统计预测误差的分布,预测时根据所提出模型的预测值在预测结果的基础上累加误差均值从而进行误差修正,进一步提高所提出模型的预测精度;利用Python语言分别对所提出的模型、传统组合模型和2种传统单一模型在晴天、阴天和雨天的光伏发电功率预测性能进行仿真。结果表明:与极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型、极限梯度提升模型、长短期记忆模型相比,所提出模型的均方根误差分别减小28.57%、 39.39%、 49.79%,平均绝对误差分别减小44.25%、 53.33%、 64.8%,决定系数分别增大1.43%、 2.38%、 3.34%,所提出的模型更有效地减小了传统单一模型的光伏发电功率预测误差,优化了传统组合模型的权重系数;3种天气条件下所提出模型的光伏发电功率预测误差相对最小且稳健性最强,验证了所提出模型的有效性。