Social organization of Shortridge’s capped langur（Trachypithecus shortridgei） at the Dulongjiang Valley in Yunnan,China

Non-human primates often live in socially stable groups characterized by bonded relationships among individuals. Social organization can be used to evaluate living conditions and expansion potential. Bisexual group size, ratio of males to females and group composition are essential elements determining the type of social organization. Although the first report on Shortridge’s capped langurs（Trachypithecus shortridgei） was in the 1970 s, until now, the species only inhabits forests of the Dulongjiang valley in northwest Yunnan, China, with c. 250-370 individuals in 19 populations. To understand its social organization, we collected data from five groups of Shortridge’s langurs at Silaluo in the Dulongjiang valley during August 2012-October 2013. Family groups consist of one adult male, 2–3 adult females and up to five young. Group size averaged 8（7-9） individuals. The ratio of adult males to females（M/F） was 1：2.9, infants to adult females was（I/F） 1：2.2; and ratio of adults to immatures was 1：1.2, indicating the potential of a population increasing. Birth season was during March-July and the inter-birth interval was two years.

可持续发展视角下的林下种植评价——以独龙江草果种植为例

为评估草果种植对森林结构及戴帽叶猴种群分布格局的影响,结合社区访问和实地调查,对独龙江乡的草果种植面积、戴帽叶猴种群分布现状、生境中草果种植情况和森林结构进行了系统的调查。结果显示:草果种植面积仍呈现快速上升趋势;现阶段戴帽叶猴种群分布呈零星小群分布,分布点增加到45个,且单一种群平均个体数下降5只;草果种植区与非种植区森林结构具有显著的差异,乔木的高度增加,乔木冠层之间的连接距离增大,冠层投影面积显著减少。由此可见,现阶段独龙江草果种植面积的快速扩张,已对森林结构和戴帽叶猴的分布产生了影响。