Evaluation of growth characteristics of Aspergillus parasiticus inoculated in different culture media by shortwave infrared(SWIR) hyperspectral imaging

The growth characteristics of Aspergillus parasitic us incubated on two culture media were ex-amined using shortwave infrared(SWIR,1000-2500 nm)hyperspectral imaging(HSI)in this work.HSI images of the A.parasiticus colonies growing on rose bengal medium(RBM)and maize agar medium(MAM)were recorded daily for 6 days.The growth phases of A.parasiticus were indicated through the pixel number and average spectra of colonies.On score plot of the first principal component(PC1)and PC2,four growth zones with varying mycelium densities were identified.Eight characteristic wavelengths(1095,1145,1195,1279,1442,1655,1834 and 1929 nm)were selected from PC1 loading,average spectra of each colony as well as each growth zone.F urthermore,support vector machine(S VM)classifier based on the eight wavelengths was built,and the classification accuracies for the four zones(from outer to inner zones)on the colonies on RBM were 99.77%,9935%,99.75%and 99.60%and 99.77%,9939%,99.31%and 98.22%for colonies on MAM.In addition,a new score plot of PC2 and PC3 was used to differ-entiate the colonies incubated on RBM and MAM for 6 days.Then characteristic wavelengths of 1067,1195,1279,1369,1459,1694,1834 and 1929 nm were selected from the loading of PC2 and PCg.Based on them,a new SVM model was developed to diferentiate colonies on RBM and MAM with accuracy of 100.00%and 9999%,respectively.In conclusion,SWIR hyperspectral image is a powerful tool for evaluation of growth characteristics of A.parasiticus incubated in diferent culture media.

Observation of Atherosclerotic Plaque Phantoms through Saline or Blood Layers by Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging

We observed atherosclerotic plaque phantoms using a novel near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique. Data were obtained through saline or blood layers to simulate an angioscopic environment for the phantom. For the study, we developed a NIR-HSI system with an NIR supercontinuum light source and mercury-cadmium-telluride camera. Apparent spectral absorbance was obtained at wavelengths of 1150 - 2400 nm. Hyperspectral images of lipid were constructed using a spectral angle mapper algorithm. Bovine fat covered with saline or blood was observed using hyperspectral images at a wavelength around 1200 nm. Our results show that NIR-HSI is a promising angioscopic technique with the potential to identify lipid-rich plaques without clamping and saline injection.

Research on the detection of early caries based on hyperspectral imaging

Objective:We applied hyperspectral imaging(HSI)system to distinguish early caries from soundand pigmented areas.It will provide a theoretical basis and technical support,for research anddevelopment of an instrument that could be used for screening and detection of early dentalcaries.Methods:Eighteen extracted human teeth(molars and premolars),with varying degrees ofnatural pathology and no degree of decay involving dentin were obtained.HSI system with awavelength range from 400 to 1000nm was used to obtain images of all 18 teeth containingsound,carious and pigmented areas.We compared the spectra of the wavebands at both 500 nmand 780 nm from the different tooth states,and the reflectance diference bet ween sound versuscarious lesions and sound versus pigmented areas,respectively.Results:There was a slight diference in refectance bet ween carious areas and pigmented areas at500 nm.A substantial difference was additionally noted in refectance bet ween carious areas andpigmented areas at 780 nm.Conclusion:The results have shown that the interference of tooth surface pigment can be elim-inated in the near-infrared(NIR)waveband,and the caries can be effectively identifed from the pigmented areas.Thus,it could be used to detect carious areas of teeth in place of the traditionalvisual inspection method or white light endoscopy.Clinical significance:The NIR difused light signal enables the identification of early caries frompigment and other interference,providing a reasonable detection tool for early detection andearly treatment of teeth diseases.

Hyperspectral Images-Based Crop Classification Scheme for Agricultural Remote Sensing

Hyperspectral imaging is gaining a significant role in agricultural remote sensing applications.Its data unit is the hyperspectral cube which holds spatial information in two dimensions while spectral band information of each pixel in the third dimension.The classification accuracy of hyperspectral images(HSI)increases significantly by employing both spatial and spectral features.For this work,the data was acquired using an airborne hyperspectral imager system which collected HSI in the visible and near-infrared(VNIR)range of 400 to 1000 nm wavelength within 180 spectral bands.The dataset is collected for nine different crops on agricultural land with a spectral resolution of 3.3 nm wavelength for each pixel.The data was cleaned from geometric distortions and stored with the class labels and annotations of global localization using the inertial navigation system.In this study,a unique pixel-based approach was designed to improve the crops'classification accuracy by using the edge-preserving features(EPF)and principal component analysis(PCA)in conjunction.The preliminary processing generated the high-dimensional EPF stack by applying the edge-preserving filters on acquired HSI.In the second step,this high dimensional stack was treated with the PCA for dimensionality reduction without losing significant spectral information.The resultant feature space(PCA-EPF)demonstrated enhanced class separability for improved crop classification with reduced dimensionality and computational cost.The support vector machines classifier was employed for multiclass classification of target crops using PCA-EPF.The classification performance evaluation was measured in terms of individual class accuracy,overall accuracy,average accuracy,and Cohen kappa factor.The proposed scheme achieved greater than 90%results for all the performance evaluation metrics.The PCA-EPF proved to be an effective attribute for crop classification using hyperspectral imaging in the VNIR range.The proposed scheme is well-suited for practical applications of crops and landfill estimations using agricultural remote sensing methods.

Shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging for detection of pH value in Fuji apple

pH value is regarded as one of the most important attributes that affect sensory characteristics and edible quality of apple.The objective of the research was to explore the feasibility of applying shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging system to detect the pH value of apple.A shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging system was developed over the wavelength region of 1000-2500 nm and used to acquire hyperspectral images of apple samples.After reflectance calibration,mean reflectance spectral was calculated by averaging the intensity of all pixels within the roundness region of interest(ROI).Synergy interval partial least squares(siPLS)algorithms as an effective multivariable method was conducted on the calibration of regression model to estimate the pH value in Fuji apple.The performance of the final model was back-evaluated according to root mean square error of calibration(RMSEC)and correlation coefficient(Rc)in calibration set,and tested in prediction set.The optimal prediction siPLS model was obtained with correlation coefficient(Rp)of 0.8474 and mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)of 0.0398.The results indicated that shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with siPLS chemometrics could be an accurate and fast method for nondestructive prediction of pH value in Fuji apple.

Modeling for mung bean variety classification using visible and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging

This study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using visible and near infrared hyperspectral imaging for the variety classification of mung beans.Raw hyperspectral images of mung beans were acquired in the wavelengths of 380-1023 nm,and all images were calibrated by the white and dark reference images.The spectral reflectance values were extracted from the region of interest(ROI)of each calibrated hyperspectral image,and then they were treated as the independent variables.The dependent variables of four varieties of mung beans were set as 1,2,3 and 4,respectively.The extreme learning machine(ELM)model was established using full spectral wavelengths for classification.Modified gram-schmidt(MGS)method was used to identify effective wavelengths.Based on the selected wavelengths,the ELM and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)models were built.All models performed excellently with the correct classification rates(CCRs)covering 99.17%-99.58% in the training sets and 99.17%-100%in the testing sets.Fifteen wavelengths(432 nm,455 nm,468 nm,560 nm,705 nm,736 nm,760 nm,841 nm,861 nm,921 nm,930 nm,937 nm,938 nm,959 nm and 965 nm)were recommended by MGS.The results demonstrated that hyperspectral imaging could be used as a non-destructive method to classify mung bean varieties,and MGS was an effective wavelength selection method.

星载遥感短波红外高速高光谱成像仪坏像元识别

为改善干涉成像短波红外高速高光谱成像仪的坏像元对复原光谱的影响,利用高光谱成像仪测试流程建立了坏像元识别模板,以提高坏像元识别效率。首先,按照高光谱成像仪测试流程设置增益模板和帧频模板并采集图像数据,依据正常像元增益响应设定合理判定阈值Th1,识别不同增益下异常像元并记录对应坐标值;再依据正常像元帧频响应灰度值设定合理判定阈值Th2,识别不同帧频下异常像元并记录坐标值。最后,对比增益模板和帧频模板判定的异常像元,融合确定坏像元。实验结果表明基于增益模板和帧频模板的识别方法在不增加设备研制测试成本的同时有效识别出短波红外高光谱成像仪探测器的坏像元,为可靠识别短波红外高光谱成像仪坏像元提供了一种低成本、高效可靠的新方法,提高了干涉成像高光谱成像仪光谱反演准确性。

短波红外成像光谱仪性能检测与定标装置

描述了短波红外成像光谱仪研制中所涉及的系统总体性能检测与定标装置。短波红外成像光谱仪是一台基于棱镜-光栅-棱镜(PGP)组合分光的、推帚式成像的航空成像光谱仪,其探测波段为1000～2500nm,视场角为24°。短波红外成像光谱仪的系统总体性能检测贯穿于仪器研制的全过程中,包括对仪器关键器件的测试,仪器的空间分辨率、视场角及内方位元素等总体指标的测试;短波红外成像光谱仪的定标包括实验室及外场的光谱及辐射定标,它们是仪器研制成功及深入应用的重要保证。最后,介绍了仪器在实验室成像及航空实验成像状况。

基于短波近红外高光谱和深度学习的籽棉地膜分选算法

采用膜下滴灌棉花种植模式,在机械采摘过程中地膜易混入籽棉,对后续棉花加工影响极大。地膜无色透明且无荧光效应,常规方法很难识别。为了解决地膜的分选问题,提出一种基于短波近红外高光谱和深度学习的籽棉地膜分选算法。首先,针对高光谱图像中地膜与非地膜像素点光谱特征区分不明显的问题,利用堆叠自适应加权自编码器逐层提取与输出相关的低维非线性高阶特征;然后,将此高阶特征作为分类器的输入,采用粒子群优化的极限学习机实现初步分类;最后,对分类结果进行类型合并,运用形态学方法以及连通域分析,剔除误识别区域,得到优化后的地膜分类结果。经仿真试验及现场测试,算法对地膜识别率达到95.5%,地膜选出率达95%,满足实际生产需求。

GF-5卫星高光谱影像数据质量评价与分析

目前遥感影像质量评价的指标与方法虽较为成熟,但尚未发现针对高分五号(GF-5)卫星AHSI影像数据质量评价及其可用性的全面研究。该文在分析高光谱影像质量评价方法的基础上,利用噪声标准差、清晰度和信息熵3个指标,对GF-5可见短波红外谱段的数据质量与可用性进行分析评价,结果表明:GF-5AHSI影像不同波段数据质量存在差异,影像信息主要集中在VNIR和SWIR第1-95波段内(受水汽影响的波段除外),SWIR中第43-50、96-112(1359.03~1418.17nm、1805.44~1940.15nm)共25个波段受水汽影响严重,不可用,第113-180(1948.57~2513.25nm)波段影像质量较差、噪声严重,阻碍了该波段的应用。研究结果可为GF-5AH-SI影像数据的处理与应用提供技术参考。

轻小型短波红外高光谱成像仪精细化矿物识别

高光谱成像仪具有“图谱合一”的特点,可以同时获取目标物的空间信息与光谱信息,在地质勘查中发挥有比较大的作用。为实现对不同岩石矿物的精细化识别,自主研制了具有结构紧凑、体积小、便携性强、分辨率高等优点的轻小型短波红外高光谱成像仪。仪器光学性能评价结果表明光谱仪实际光谱分辨率优于8 nm,符合设计和应用的要求。利用本仪器对岩石不同矿物组成成分的识别实验测试,获取了不同岩石的近景高光谱成像数据。经过数据处理和矿物提取分析研究,发现岩石光谱谱形特征与标准光谱库中特征吻合度很高,表明研制的高光谱成像仪能够对岩石样品进行矿物信息精细化识别,适用于无人机载成像,在铀矿地质勘查领域有广阔的应用前景。

利用高分五号AHSI载荷的高分辨率XCH_(4)异常探测方法研究

煤矿开采是最重要的甲烷排放源,然而其排放清单的准确性很低,一个关键的原因在于缺乏精准识别和定位该类排放源的能力。近年来,前沿研究表明可以利用卫星高光谱数据反演高分辨率的甲烷异常,从而帮助识别排放源。但是,在地表类型复杂地区该算法会完全失效。针对这一问题,率先提出一种基于L1重加权和迭代收缩阈值算法(ISTA)匹配滤波器的算法。利用高分五号(GF-5)数据在山西地区的实验表明,该方法性能显著优于现有的其他方法。实验中,本方法识别出23个甲烷强点源,这些点源全部位于TROPOMI的甲烷高值区内,且高分辨遥感影像显示这些点源处存在典型的煤矿开采设施。该方法的提出为利用GF-5卫星数据在世界范围实现甲烷点源排查奠定了技术基础。

Nondestructive determination of IMP content in chilled chicken based on hyperspectral data combined with chemometrics

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of hyperspectral imaging technique(900-1700 nm)for nondestructive determination of inosinic acid(IMP)in chicken.Hyperspectral images of chicken flesh samples were acquired,and their mean spectra within the images were extracted.The quantitative relationship between the mean spectra and reference IMP value was fitted by partial least squares(PLS)regression algorithm.A PLS model(MAS-PLS)built with moving average smoothing(MAS)spectra showed better performance in predicting IMP content,leading to correlation coefficients(RP)of 0.951,root mean square error(RMSEP)of 0.046 mg/g,and residual predictive deviation(RPD)of 3.152.Regression coefficient(RC),successive projections algorithm(SPA),stepwise,competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS),and uninformative variable elimination(UVE)were used to select the optimal wavelengths to optimize the MAS-PLS model.Based on the 18 optimal wavelengths(907.14,917.02,918.67,926.90,930.20,936.78,956.54,1004.28,1135.89,1211.56,1302.07,1367.94,1397.60,1488.31,1680.17,1683.49,1686.80 and 1695.10 nm)selected from MAS spectra by SPA,the MAS-SPA-PLS model was built with R_(P) of 0.920,RMSEP of 0.056 mg/g and RPD of 3.220,which was similar to the MAS-PLS model.The overall study indicated that hyperspectral imaging in the 900-1700 nm range combined with PLS and SPA could be used to predict the IMP content in chicken flesh.

高分五号可见短波红外高光谱影像云检测研究

高分五号(GF-5)卫星上荷载的可见短波红外高光谱相机(AHSI)能够同时获取330个谱段的光谱信息,对大气和陆地进行综合高光谱观测,能有效获取地物的精确信息。云的存在会对遥感影像造成污染,为了提高GF-5数据的利用率,本文结合AHSI的地物高光谱特性,研究多种下垫面背景下的云检测方法。对得到的1级产品,利用产品配套的定标系数以及光谱响应函数文件,得到各波段的大气顶层表观反射率数据。使用多种典型地物与云像元进行表观反射率的对比后发现,厚云与其他类型的像元在可见光波段具有显著差异。高光谱数据由于波段宽度窄,易受到噪声的影响,因此在进行厚云像元判定时,使用多个窄波段数据进行等效计算,得到对应的宽波段表观反射率,在此基础上使用简单的检测阈值可以将厚云筛选出来。之后使用卷云波段,筛选出潜在的薄云像元。高亮地表作为薄云检测的重点研究对象,检测时极易与薄云造成混淆,为了将薄云区域与高亮地表进行有效区分,统计不同波段之间表观反射率比值的变化,将薄云与易造成误判的高亮区域进行对比,确定最优判定波段与阈值。为了验证算法的精度,对多景AHSI影像进行目视解译,勾选出云像元区域作为基准数据。实验结果表明,本文所提方法的云检测总体精度可达91%以上,可以准确区分云与晴空区域,实现高精度的高光谱遥感影像云检测。