Power-V诱导的钻柱黏滑振动特征分析

黏滑是石油钻井过程中影响钻井效率和井下钻柱安全的一种振动形式.垂直钻井系统Power-V在提供有效控斜力的同时,还会诱导钻柱黏滑振动.通过研究垂直钻井系统Power-V与井壁的接触作用及钻头与地层的相互作用模型,基于钻柱动力学有限元方法,深入分析Power-V的作用机理,研究其对扭转振动的影响,指出Power-V和井壁间的相互作用会导致钻柱与井壁的摩阻显著增加,进而引起摩阻扭矩的增大,诱导井下黏滑振动.实测振动数据证实,Power-V与井壁间的相互作用是引起钻柱黏滑振动的关键因素.这对于揭示黏滑振动的成因和更好地发挥Power-V的作用具有重要意义.

A novel stabilization approach for small signal disturbance of power system with time-varying delay

Small signal instability may cause severe accidents for power system if it can not be dealt correctly and timely. How to maintain power system stable under small signal disturbance is a big challenge for power system operators and dispatchers. Time delay existing in signal transmission process makes the problem more complex. Conventional eigenvalue analysis method neglects time delay influence and can not precisely describe power system dynamic behaviors. In this work, a modified small signal stability model considering time varying delay influence was constructed and a new time delay controller was proposed to stabilize power system under disturbance. By Lyapunov-Krasovskii function, the control law in the form of nonlinear matrix inequality(NLMI) was derived. Considering synthesis method limitation for time delay controller at present, both parameter adjustment method by using linear matrix inequality(LMI) solver and iteration searching method by solving nonlinear minimization problem were suggested to design the controller. Simulation tests were carried out on synchronous-machine infinite-bus power system. Satisfactory test results verify the correctness of the proposed model and the feasibility of the stabilization approach.

Modeling Distortion Signals of Power Grid Based on Wiener-G Functionals

The uniform mathematical model of distortion signals in power grid has been setup with the theory of Wiener-G Functional. Firstly,the Matlab simulation models were established. Secondly,the Wiener kernel of power load was found based on the Gaussian white noise as input. And then the uniform mathematical model of the power grid signal was established according to the homogeneous of the same order of Wiener functional series. Finally,taking three typical distortion sources which are semiconductor rectifier,electric locomotive and electric arc furnace in power grid as examples,we have validated the model through the Matlab simulation and analyzed the simulation errors. The results show that the uniform mathematical model of distortion signals in power grid can approximation the actual model by growing the items of the series under the condition of the enough storage space and computing speed.

Probabilistic small signal stability analysis of power system with wind power and photovoltaic power based on probability collocation method

Recently, with increasing improvements in the penetration of wind power and photovoltaic power in the world, probabilistic small signal stability analysis(PSSSA) of a power system consisting of multiple types of renewable energy has become a key problem. To address this problem, this study proposes a probabilistic collocation method(PCM)-based PSSSA for a power system consisting of wind farms and photovoltaic farms. Compared with the conventional Monte Carlo method, the proposed method meets the accuracy and precision requirements and greatly reduces the computation; therefore, it is suitable for the PSSSA of this power system. Case studies are conducted based on a 4-machine 2-area and New England systems, respectively. The simulation results show that, by reducing synchronous generator output to improve the penetration of renewable energy, the probabilistic small signal stability(PSSS) of the system is enhanced. Conversely, by removing part of the synchronous generators to improve the penetration of renewable energy, the PSSS of the system may be either enhanced or deteriorated.

Small-Signal Stability Analysis of Wind Power System Based on DFIG

This paper focuses on the small-signal stability of power system integrated with DFIG-based wind farm. The model of DFIG for small-signal stability analysis has built;the 3-generator 9-bus WECC test system is modified to investigate the impacts of large scale integration of wind power on power system small-signal stability. Different oscillatory modes are obtained with their eigenvalue, frequency and damping ratio, the results from eigenvalue analysis are presented to demonstrate the small-signal stability of power system is enhanced with the increasing output of the wind farm.

基于电场耦合的电能信号并行传输系统串扰抑制方法

针对较大功率电场耦合无线电能传输系统信号双向高速传输的需求,该文提出一种基于部分能量通道的电能与信号并行传输系统的串扰抑制方法。通过对所提出的系统拓扑进行分析,给出了电能传输增益表达式与电能串扰增益表达式,并分析了阻波电路参数变化对电能串扰增益的影响;基于交流阻抗法及香农定理分别给出了信号传输增益及信道容量表达式,分析了信号支路参数对信道容量的影响;在综合考虑信号传输增益、信道容量及阻波电路参数敏感性的情况下,给出系统信号支路参数的设计方法。该方法能保证系统在较大功率下降低电能串扰,保障信号稳定传输,实现信号的双向高速传输。通过仿真与实验验证了所提出的拓扑和参数设计方法的有效性。搭建的实验装置实现了传输530.4 W的电能,23.28 Mbit/s信号正向传输速度和24.2428 Mbit/s信号反向传输速度。

A New Current-Controlled-Power Technique for Small Signal Applications

In this paper, a new current-controlled-power technique for small signal applications is presented. The proposed technique needs no passive devices (a resistor and a capacitor) but the well-known SCR technique needs, thus the proposed technique is very suitable for an IC process. An example application as a new current-controlled-power CMOS fullwave rectifier is also given. The example application is simulated by using the SPICE program. Simulation results show that the proposed technique can work well;the controlled-current from 0 μA to 5.5 μA produces the peak area amplitude from 100 mV to 0 mV to the load.

随机空间几何构型下物联网络攻击节点定位

物联网各节点形成的空间几何构型随机性,决定了攻击节点的空间分辨率出现较大波动,继而影响攻击节点的定位精度。针对物联网下各节点形成的空间几何构型随机性,利用节点脉冲和功率的关联属性不受空间几何构型影响的特征,设计一种攻击节点定位算法。定位算法检测节点脉冲信号,设计最优功率关联算法,关联功率与脉冲的属性。通过关联属性构建节点距离测算定位方法。实验结果表明:文中的物联网攻击节点定位方法,在低、中、高阶三种攻击特征形式下,可以实时准确定位攻击性节点位置,具备较强的实用性。

Low-Power Operational Amplifier for Real-Time Signal Processing System of Micro Air Vehicle

A low-power complementary metal oxide semiconductor（CMOS） operational amplifier （op-amp） for real-time signal processing of micro air vehicle （MAV） is designed in this paper.Traditional folded cascode architecture with positive channel metal oxide semiconductor（PMOS） differential input transistors and sub-threshold technology are applied under the low supply voltage.Simulation results show that this amplifier has significantly low power,while maintaining almost the same gain,bandwidth and other key performances.The power required is only 0.12 mW,which is applicable to low-power and low-voltage real-time signal acquisition and processing system.

面向城区的基于图去噪的小区级RSRP估计方法

移动通信系统网络的规划、部署和优化都不同程度依赖于参考信号接收功率(RSRP)估计的准确性。传统上,基站覆盖小区内某信号接收点的RSRP可由对应的无线传播模型估计。在城市环境中,不同小区的无线传播模型需要使用大量RSRP实测数据校正。由于不同小区环境存在差异,经过校正后的模型只适用于对应小区,且小区内的RSRP估计精度低。针对上述问题,将RSRP估计问题转化为图去噪问题,并通过图像处理与深度学习技术得到小区级无线传播模型,不仅能实现小区整体的RSRP估计,且能适用于相似环境小区。首先,通过随机森林回归器逐点预测每个接收点的RSRP,得到整个小区的RSRP估计图;然后,将RSRP估计图和实测RSRP分布图之间的损失视为RSRP噪声图,提出基于条件生成对抗网络(CGAN)的图去噪RSRP估计方法,通过电子环境地图反映小区的环境信息,有效地降低不同小区的RSRP。实验结果表明,在无实测数据的跨小区RSRP预测场景下,所提方法预测RSRP的均方根误差(RMSE)为6.77 dBm,相较于基于卷积神经网络的RSRP估计方法EFsNet下降2.55 dBm;在同小区RSRP预测场景下,相较于EFsNet,模型参数量减小80.3%。

微波含水率检测技术在复杂油水混合形态下的应用研究

在油水混合物中会出现不同的乳化形态,不同的乳化形态对应的电导率和介电常数也具有显著差异,从而导致通过检测电导率和介电常数值间接测量含水率的测量结果不准确。针对复杂油水混合状态下含水率难以测准的问题,提出一种基于微波技术的复杂油水两相流含水率检测技术,建立了基于微波技术的“油包水”和“水包油”状态分析方法。首先通过检测微波信号穿过不同介质后信号幅值的衰减和相位的偏移,推测油水混合物的含水率值。再利用不同输入功率的微波信号在不同介电常数下功率衰减比不同的原理,来区分油水混合物的乳化状态,优化含水率的测量。室内验证和矿场试验结果表明,该系统可有效区分乳化液的混合状态,通过含水率标定值对实测数据进行修正,最终测量的含水率误差可控制在1个百分点以内,实现了复杂油水混合形态下含水率的高精度测量。

模态分解的电能质量检测探究实验教学实践

针对“现代信号处理”课程的教学难点,以模态分解法(EMD)的电能质量扰动信号检测为例,进行了探究性实验教学仿真与实践。在教学过程中,引导学生对传统EMD电能质量检测法精度偏低的问题进行探究。然后根据探究结果,融合SVD滤波、ICEEMDAN及排列熵(PE)等多种现代信号处理技术,提出了SVD-ICEEMDAN-PE的电能质量扰动检测方法,能够提高精测精度。在此基础上,设计信号降噪、算法性能分析、扰动信号检测、实验信号检测等多个仿真对方法的有效性进行了验证。探究性实验教学是理论教学的延伸和拓展,教学过程注重以学生为中心,引导学生体会思考-探索-解决问题的科研方法,从而激发学生求学—求知—钻研的科研精神。

Adaptive controller design based on input-output signal selection for voltage source converter high voltage direct current systems to improve power system stability

An input-output signal selection based on Phillips-Heffron model of a parallel high voltage alternative current/high voltage direct current(HVAC/HVDC) power system is presented to study power system stability. It is well known that appropriate coupling of inputs-outputs signals in the multivariable HVDC-HVAC system can improve the performance of designed supplemetary controller. In this work, different analysis techniques are used to measure controllability and observability of electromechanical oscillation mode. Also inputs–outputs interactions are considered and suggestions are drawn to select the best signal pair through the system inputs-outputs. In addition, a supplementary online adaptive controller for nonlinear HVDC to damp low frequency oscillations in a weakly connected system is proposed. The results obtained using MATLAB software show that the best output-input for damping controller design is rotor speed deviation as out put and phase angle of rectifier as in put. Also response of system equipped with adaptive damping controller based on HVDC system has appropriate performance when it is faced with faults and disturbance.

基于窄带频谱分析的电力线载波通信干扰过滤技术

电力线路载波通信受到背景噪声、脉冲噪声等方面干扰因素影响,导致通信信号质量下降,为此提出一种基于窄带频谱分析的通信干扰过滤技术。首先构建近似模型分析通信信号特征,利用马尔可夫链模拟信道上脉冲噪声状态。然后基于窄带频谱分析算法,在信号频谱周期图下,利用正交数据窗分离直接频谱,筛选估计方差以避免频谱泄漏事件的发生。利用傅里叶变换计算特征频谱,估计信号能量的集中特性,分析通信信号,平衡信号振幅和干扰抑制。最后通过时频峰值实施干扰滤波,有效保证电力线载波通信信号质量。经过实验数据分析证明,所提技术的载波干扰幅值最小值为1.1 dB,载波通信信号误码率平均值为1.9%,方法耗时平均值为3.8 s。

机械加工质量预测研究现状与发展趋势

机械加工质量预测是智能制造的重要组成内容,也是实现质量闭环控制的前提条件,对推动智能制造系统真正落地应用具有极其重要的作用.在对机械加工质量预测的历史进行简要回顾时发现,学者多将研究重点放在机床某一关键部件对加工质量影响的机理研究,却鲜见部件耦合影响的关联性研究.基于上述难题,本文首先剖析影响机械加工质量的7类要素,包括刀具几何参数、切削参数、切削液类型、热误差与热变形、数控机床零部件性能退化、切削颤振以及系统特性;随后,根据各要素数据种类和测量方式的不同,将机械加工质量监测与预测方法划分为4大类,包括机器视觉测量、功率测量、振动测量以及其他测量方法,并对各方法的技术特点、局限性和发展动态进行了阐述;最后,考虑各机械加工质量监测与预测方法的不足,指出材料切削机制研究、数据质量评估方法、面向工业现场数据库构建的标准以及质量预测信息的智能表征与可视化等方面可能是未来的发展趋势.

基于大创项目的应用技术开发实践——以数字电源教具设计为例

针对教学环节中的难点和重点内容,基于dsPIC33CK256MP505数字信号控制器芯片,为开发新型的数字电源教具,在降压转换器的电路拓扑结构基础上,利用MplabPowerSmart开发软件,完成了电压控制型数字环路补偿器的设计,实现3P3Z数字补偿器的实时算法功能。

基于优化SVM模型的立铣刀在机崩刃监测技术研究

随着加工精度要求不断提高,切削过程中,对刀具在机磨损或崩刃状态进行在机实时监测的需求日益增加。本文以声发射和主轴功率为监测信号,通过提取时域、频域和时频域的有效特征,构建了基于融合信号的平底立铣刀在机崩刃SVM监测模型;采用网格搜索、粒子群和遗传算法优化SVM模型参数,并在实际切削环境中,将平底立铣刀的崩刃监测效果进行对比。结果表明:基于遗传算法优化的SVM模型对铣刀崩刃状态监测效果最佳。

基于MATLAB的功率因数可控的AC-DC变换电路研究

为解决谐波信号过多可能会导致电网的传输效率降低的问题,对功率因数可控的AC-DC变换电路进行了研究.基于Boost型单级有源功率因数校正变换器,控制电路中采用了外电压环和内电流环双闭环控制系统,利用滞环电流控制提高交流端功率因数,电压环稳定输出电压.采取小信号分析法,建立小信号模型并设计了控制电路.通过MATLAB仿真实验可得,双环控制的功率因数校正电路能够实现高功率因数,同时能够稳定输出电压.

A NOVEL METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE SNR OF UNKNOWN EMITTER SIGNAL

It is important to estimate the Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) of unknown emitter signal accurately.In order to resolve the disadvantages of present algorithm,a novel method is proposed in this letter.We extract and normalize the information of zero frequency of received signal by the Wigner-Vile Distribution(WVD) transformation and then get the approximate power of original signal by mathematic transformation,at last,we get the estimate value of SNR by the known account formula of SNR.Simulation results show that it is correct and feasible.

三相电压型VIENNA整流器建模及稳定性分析

基于电动汽车直流充电桩的VIENNA型前级整流电路,提出采用小信号方法对VIENNA整流器进行建模。该方法首先通过采用局部线性化技术和状态空间平均法推导dq0坐标系下VIENNA整流器的数学模型,得出相关传递函数矩阵,即VIENNA整流器小信号线性化模型,进而用于控制器的设计;然后,采用频域法分别对电压环、电流环进行设计,利用频域法及根轨迹曲线详细分析各项参数对系统的影响,并利用曲线拟合的方式给出了系统稳定域随各项参数变化的曲线;最后,在实验中验证所提方法的正确性。