Features and significance of the Yudai porphyry copper deposit in the Kalatag district,eastern Tianshan,NW China

1 Introduction The eastern Tianshan region covers around 60000 km2in area and is located in the eastern part of Xinjiang.The district contains various types mineral commodities including Cu,Ni,Au,Fe,Pb and Zn(Wang et al.,2006).The Dannanhu belt in eastern part of the area is interpreted as a volcanic arc and forms an important mineralized zone bordered by the Turpan-Hami Basin to the north and Kanggur back-arc basin to the south.

Clinical Profile and Significance of Mucocutaneous Lesions of Primary Sjogren＇s Syndrome： A Large Cross-sectional Study with 874 Patients

Background： Mucocutaneous lesions are common features of primary Sjogren＇s syndrome （pSS）, but only a few studies have focused on them. To demonstrate the profile ofmucocutaneous lesions ofpSS and further explore their potential clinical significance, we perfermed a cross-sectional study on 874 patients. Methods： Demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory results of 874 pSS patients were collected. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of mucocutaneous lesions. Differences in primary symptoms and systemic impairments between the two groups were analyzed. Results of laboratory tests were also compared alter excluding those who had taken corticosteroid from both groups. One-year follow-up was done, and occurrences of various new complications were compared. Results： Among the 874 pSS patients, 181 patients had mucocutaneous lesions, accounting for 20.7%. Multiple mucocutaneous manifestations were displayed, and the top four most common types of lesions were purpuric eruptions （39.8%）, urticaria （23.8%）, Raynaud＇s phenomenon （14.9%）, and angular stomatitis （9.9%）. Incidences of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, pulmonary bullae, leukopenia, and anemia were significantly higher among patients with mucocutaneous lesions （P 〈 0.05）. Increase in lgG and decrease in C4 among patients with mucocutaneous lesions displayed statistical significance after excluding patients from both groups who had taken corticosteroid （P 〈 0.05）. Alter one-year follow-up, patients with mucocutaneous lesions presented a slightly higher incidence of new complications compared to those without. Conclusions： Mucocutaneous manifestations ofpSS patients were common and diverse. Patients with mucocutaneous manifestations had more systemic damages, higher level of IgG, and lower level of serum C4, suggesting a higher activity of the primary disease.

Appropriate Sub-band Selection in Wavelet Packet Decomposition for Automated Glaucoma Diagnoses

The most common reason for blindness among human beings is Glaucoma.The increase of fluid pressure damages the optic nerve which gradually leads to irreversible loss of vision.A technique for automated screening of Glaucoma from the fundal retinal images is presented in this paper.This paper intends to explore the significance of both the approximate and detail coefficients through wavelet packet decomposition(WPD).Decomposition is done with "db3" wavelet function and the images are decomposed up to level-3producing 84 sub-bands.Two features,the energy and the entropy are calculated for each sub-band producing two feature matrices(158 images × 84 features).The above step is purely a statistical measure based on WPD.To enhance the diagnostic accuracy,the second phase considers the structural(biological) region of interest(ROI) in the image and then extracts the same features.It is worthy to note that direct biological features are not extracted to eliminate the drawbacks of segmentation whereas the biologically significant region is taken as biological-ROI.Interestingly,the detailed coefficient sub-bands(prominent edges) show more significance in the biological-ROI phase.Apart from enhancing the diagnostic accuracy by feature reduction,the paper intends to mark the significance indices,uniqueness and discrimination capability of the significant features(sub-bands) in both the phases.Then,the crisp inputs are fed to the classifier ANN.Finally,from the significant features of the biological-ROI feature matrices,the accuracy is raised to 85%which is notable than the accuracy of 79%achieved without considering the ROI.