Effects of CaO and Na2CO3 on the Reduction of High Silicon Iron Ores

The effects of CaO and Na2CO3 on the reduction of high silicon iron ores at 1 250 ℃ were studied. The experimental results showed that the metallization rate was significantly hindered by the addition of CaO and Na2CO3, particularly at the early stage of roasting, compared to the rate without additives. In the absence of additives, iron oxides were quickly reduced to metallic iron, and fayalite was difficult to form. When CaO and Na2CO3 were added, the low reducible iron-containing silicate compounds formed and melted, subsequently retarding the metallization process. The inhibition of Na2CO3 was more noticeable than that of CaO, and higher Na2CO3 doses resulted in stronger inhibition of the increased metallization rate. However, when Na2CO3 was added prior to CaO, the liquid phase formed, which facilitated the growth of the metallic phase. To reinforce the separation of the metallic phase and slag, an appropriate amount of liquid phase generated during the reduction is necessary. It was shown that when 10% CaO and 10% Na2CO3 were added, a high metallization rate and larger metallic iron particles were obtained, thus further decreasing the required Na2CO3 dosage.

Volcanic Activity and Thermal Excitation of Rich-silicon Iron Ore Tailing in Concrete

In order to distinguish the filling effect and volcanic activity and explore the ways motivating the activity of rich-silicon iron ore tailing（IOT）, inert quartz was brought in as the correction standard, the influences of fineness, calcination, thermal curing system and some other factors were investigated by IR, XRD, MIP, and so on microscopic methods. The experimental results show grinding and calcination can only change the amorphous state of SiO2, and IOT do not have volcanic activity in concrete cured under room temperature condition. Thermal curing systems can stimulate the activity of IOT, especially mortar cured by autoclave curing system can consume a large amount of Ca（OH）2 and hard calcium silicate and has a closer structure. When the specific surface area of IOT powder is 800 m^2/kg, and 30% cement is replaced by IOT powder, the mortar strength with IOT powder is even higher than that with cementonly.

Kinetics of iron removal from metallurgical grade silicon with pressure leaching

In this paper, the kinetics of pressure leaching for purification of metallurgical grade silicon with hydrochloric acid was investigated. The effects of particle size, temperature, total pressure, and concentration of hydrochloric acid on the kinetics and mechanism of iron removal were studied. It was found that the reaction kinetic model followed the shrinking core model, and the apparent activation energy of the leaching reaction was 46.908 kJ/mol. And the apparent reaction order of iron removal with pressure leaching was 0.899. The kinetic equation was obtained and the mathematical model of iron removal from metallurgical grade silicon （MG-Si） was given as follows：The values calculated from the equation were consistent with the experimental results.

EFFECT OF SILICON ON PRODUCING DUCTILE IRON WITH COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF BAINITE AND MARTENSITE

This paper deals with an important role of silicon in producing ductile iron with quenched complex structure of bainite and martensite. The samples are cast in permanent mold and quenched in solution of sodium silicate. The result of thc experiments shows that the austenizing temperature should rise with increasing silicon content, otherwise much undissolved ferrite is present in the matrix after quenching. However the undissolvec ferrite can be decreased greatly or even eliminated by adding appropriate amount of ooron. On this condition, the amount of bainite gets increasing and the amount of residual austenite decreasing with the silicon cortent increasing. An approach has also been made to the mechanism of the effect of silicon on the transformation of bainite in ductile iron. The T.T.T. curves measured show that the increase of sllicon content causes the curve to shift to the left. This is quite different from the fact in steel.

Oxidation of Silicon and Boron in Boron Containing Molten Iron

A new process of directly smelting boron steel from boron-containing pig iron has been established. The starting material boron-containing pig iron was obtained from ludwigite ore, which is very abundant in the eastern area of Liaoning Province of China. The experiment was performed in a medium frequency induction furnace, and Fe2O3 powder was used as the oxidizing agent. The effects of temperature, addition of Fe2O3, basicity, stirring, and composition of melt on the oxidation of silicon and boron were investigated respectively. The results showed that sili- con and boron were oxidized simultaneously and their oxidation ratio exceeded 90% at 1 400℃. The favorable oxidation temperature of silicon was about 1 300-- 1 350℃. High oxygen potential of slag and strong stirring enhanced the oxidation of silicon and boron.

Application of iron and silicon fertilizers reduces arsenic accumulation by two Ipomoea aquatica varities

A 45 d pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of silicon fertilizer or iron fertilizer on the growth of two typical Ipomoea aquatica cultivars（Daye and Liuye） and arsenic（As） accumuation of Daye and Liuye grown in As-contaminated soils at different As dosage levels. The results showed that the application of these two fertilizers generally enhanced the growth of the plants, which may be partly attributable to the reduction in As toxicity. The addition of these two fertilizers also significantly reduced the uptake of As by the plants though the iron fertilizer was more effective, as compared to the silicon fertilizer. The accumulation of As in shoot portion was weaker for Daye than for Liuye. The research findings obtained from this study have implications for developing cost-effective management strategies to minimize human health impacts from consumption of As-containing I. aquatica.

Electromagnetic separation of primary iron-rich phases from aluminum-silicon melt

The difference of conductivity between primary iron-rich phases and aluminum melt has been used to separate them by electromagnetic force (EMF) which is induced by imposing a direct electric current and a steady magnetic field in molten Al-Si alloy. Theoretical analysis and experiments on self-designed electromagnetic separation indicates that primary needle-like β phases are difficult to separate; while primary α iron-rich phases can be separated by electromagnetic separation. Primary iron-rich phases have been removed from the melt successfully when the molten metal flows horizontally through separation channel. The iron content is reduced from 1.13% to 0.41%.

The Analysis of Silicon-iron-peach Occlusion Pigment 510B in Mossbauer Spectra

Silicon iron peach pigment 510B in Mossbauer spectra was analyed,the results show that there are mainly two kinds of iron phase mineral existing in 510B pigment,α FeO(OH) and γ FeO(OH).The Mossbauer spectra of 510B sample after being calcined in 1200℃ was also analyzed.

Preparation and characterization of iron-ore-imbedded silicone rubber materials for radiation protection

Iron-ore-imbedded silicone rubber materials were produced for radiation shielding. Samples were tested against a Co-60 gamma source, which is widely used in nuclear technology and medicine. Decreasing the particle size of iron ore resulted in better gamma radiation protection owing to more homogenous distribution. In addition, the materials had flexible properties up to the addition of 60 wt% iron ore content. Further, 0.5 mm Pb E gamma protection was provided by using 2.06-mm-thick SDT-60 as the Co-60 source. Iron ore–silicone rubber composites are candidate materials for lead-free flexible radiation protection systems owing to their relatively inexpensive and easy production.

利用高硅铁尾矿制备蒸压加气混凝土

利用高硅铁尾矿(HIT)制备高硅铁尾矿蒸压加气混凝土(HIT-AAC),研究了HIT细度、钙硅比对HIT-AAC料浆性能和试块物理力学性能的影响;结合XRD、FTIR和SEM对HIT-AAC进行微观分析。结果表明:随着HIT细度的增大,料浆扩散度、发气速率、发气高度均有所降低,最终发气时间缩短,试块的干密度和抗压强度均有所提高;随着钙硅比的增大,料浆扩散度减小和试块干密度先下降后上升,发气速率和发气高度增加,最终发气时间缩短,抗压强度先提高后降低,当钙硅比为0.65时抗压强度最高,为4.29 MPa。水化产物主要为石英和托贝莫来石,随着钙硅比的增大,托贝莫来石由针棒状结构转为片状结构。

CPS-SPWM级联H桥激励的变压器铁耗快速计算方法

针对载波移相(CPS)正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)级联H桥激励的变压器,提出一种基于经典损耗分离模型的铁耗快速计算方法.首先,结合SPWM电压波形特征定义集总占空比,并推导其关于调制比的解析模型;其次,基于经典损耗分离模型和集总占空比,构建CPS-SPWM级联H桥的铁耗计算模型,该方法可以直接使用调制比、直流母线电压等参数对铁耗进行计算,从而避免传统方法中的谐波分析或者数值积分过程;再次,基于本文铁耗计算模型,提出了一种针对SPWM电压激励的有限元(FEM)仿真等效方法,最后,通过实验验证了本文计算方法的有效性.研究结果表明:等效仿真铁耗误差小于3.6%、仿真用时减少74.5%;最大铁耗计算误差为7.6%.

铁尾矿—硅锰渣—赤泥协同制备超高性能混凝土力学性能研究

选用铁尾矿粉、硅锰渣粉和赤泥作为矿物掺合料代替部分普通硅酸盐水泥,协同制备了2种不同水胶比的超高性能混凝土,研究了掺入铁尾矿—硅锰渣—赤泥的超高性能混凝土(Ultra-high Performance Concrete,UHPC)的力学性能,探究了铁尾矿粉掺量对UHPC的抗弯强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗压强度的影响。结果表明:①水胶比较低的超高性能混凝土中,铁尾矿粉对混凝土抗弯强度影响较大,对劈裂抗拉强度影响较小;②水胶比较高的超高性能混凝土中,铁尾矿粉对混凝土抗弯强度的影响与对劈裂抗拉强度的影响基本一致;③随着铁尾矿粉掺量增加,水胶比为0.20和0.25的超高性能混凝土抗压强度降低,硅锰渣—赤泥组超高性能混凝土28 d抗压强度最大降低幅度分别为19.2%和22.9%。上述分析进一步反映出:①铁尾矿粉在超高性能混凝土中的掺量不宜超过矿物掺合料总量的40%;②铁尾矿粉的掺加不利于超高性能混凝土的早期抗压强度提升,但适量掺加铁尾矿粉(20%)有利于超高性能混凝土后期抗压强度增长;③三参数模型系数相对于铁尾矿—硅锰渣—赤泥超高性能混凝土的抗压强度和养护龄期关系相对集中,拟合相关系数较高。

酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿选矿工艺优化研究

对酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿进行了磨矿-选矿工艺优化研究。采用110 mT低场强磁选机预提精、中矿再磨后采用磁选富集抛尾、富集精矿经阳离子反浮选,最终获得TFe品位60.06%、SiO_(2)含量5.17%、金属回收率84.27%的综合精矿;与原工艺指标相比,精矿TFe品位提高了1.96个百分点,金属回收率提高了1.38个百分点,SiO_(2)含量降低了1.06个百分点。

高铁低硅赤泥钠化还原的物相转变及铁分离特性

高温焙烧赤泥可实现铁、铝、硅等元素的形态转化,使其易于分离回收,但高铁低硅赤泥的钠化还原焙烧反应差异性及机制研究却少有报道。本文采用X射线衍射分析,考察了还原温度、碳酸钠用量、还原时间等对高铁低硅赤泥还原焙烧的矿相转化及微结构影响,分析了反应后的铁磁化分离差异性。结果表明:还原焙烧中钠与铝、硅元素结合形成铝钠硅酸盐,有效破坏了铁、铝元素的紧密结构;赤铁矿、铝针铁矿大部分转为磁铁矿和浮氏体,促进了铁氧化物还原;低熔点含钠固溶体降低了金属铁质点迁移阻力,加速了铁晶粒的长大。基于铁铝结构崩解及粗晶粒金属铁的生成,焙烧产物经磨矿-磁选后,获得了全铁含量为90.41%、Fe回收率为93.08%的铁回收指标。

低硅铁尾矿制备轻质泡沫混凝土试验研究

为解决低硅铁尾矿堆存量大、利用困难等问题,以杨家湾尾矿库内低硅铁尾矿为矿物掺和料,水泥为胶凝材料,Al粉为发泡剂,制备轻质泡沫混凝土,并考察了水泥掺量、水料比、发泡剂Al粉掺量、激发剂CaO掺量等因素对泡沫混凝土性能的影响。结果表明:在铁尾矿掺量55%、Al粉掺量0.14%、CaO掺量5%、聚丙烯纤维掺量0.3%、稳泡剂掺量0.25%、水料比0.55的条件下,经20±1℃恒温恒湿养护28d,可制备出抗压强度1.84MPa、干密度768.61kg/m^(3)、比强度2.394×10^(-3)Nm/kg的轻质泡沫混凝土,综合性能良好,符合JG/T266—2011《泡沫混凝土》之A08干密度等级、C1强度等级要求。机理分析表明:孔隙率的过度提高会破坏制品内部的孔隙结构,对制品强度造成负面影响;铁尾矿的添加有助于混匀料浆,促进Ca(OH)2的生成,为料浆进一步创造碱性环境,促进钙矾石、C—S—H凝胶等水化产物的生成,其与铁尾矿的交织分布会支撑起孔隙结构,改善力学结构,使泡沫混凝土即使在较低密度下仍表现出较好的力学性能。

非晶合金-取向硅钢组合铁心结构设计及其磁-振动特性分析

非晶合金和取向硅钢是制作配电变压器铁心常用的两种软磁材料,各有优劣。采用非晶合金-取向硅钢组合铁心结构可以综合两者的优势。该文以非晶合金和取向硅钢铁心并排的组合结构为基础,选取组合铁心的取向硅钢占比和尺寸参数为自由变量,提出一种基于自由参数扫描法的组合铁心结构设计方法。首先,根据非晶合金-取向硅钢组合铁心结构特点,建立组合铁心的等效双非线性磁路模型;其次,采用磁路法迭代求解组合铁心的磁通密度分布,并制定组合铁心的结构设计流程;最后,根据结构设计结果制作了组合铁心的实验模型,采用实验和有限元仿真结合的方法分析了其磁-振动特性,验证了所提设计方法的准确性,并与传统纯非晶合金和纯取向硅钢铁心进行对比分析,阐述了组合铁心的优势。

氧化铁对氮化硅陶瓷烧结的影响

以氧化铝和氟化镁作为烧结助剂,氧化锆为增强相,引入氧化铁,制备了不同氧化铁含量的氮化硅陶瓷,研究了氧化铁含量对氮化硅陶瓷的密度、机械性能和相组成的影响,并探究了氧化铁在氮化硅陶瓷烧结过程中的迁移转换规律。氧化铝和氧化铁在氮化硅陶瓷烧结过程中会有部分固溶到氮化硅晶格内部,氧化铁的加入会促进氮化硅的相变,使样品的硬度降低,抗弯强度和断裂韧性升高。不添加氧化铁的样品具有最高的相对密度和硬度,其相对密度、抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性分别为(93.47±0.28)%、(359.73±2.86)MPa、(13.40±0.48)GPa和(2.39±0.074)MPa·m^(1/2);添加1%氧化铁的样品具有最高的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,其相对密度、抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性分别为(92.17±0.17)%、(405.30±8.53)MPa、(11.36±0.56)GPa和(2.96±0.053)MPa·m^(1/2)。

袁家村微细粒难选磁赤混合铁矿石提铁降硅试验研究

袁家村铁矿选矿厂原生产工艺流程获得的铁精矿TFe品位仅65%左右、SiO_(2)含量达4%~5%,难以满足市场对高品质铁精矿的需求。为此,在详细分析生产流程中混合磁选精矿性质的基础上,采用卧式搅拌磨机细磨—弱磁选+强磁选—反浮选工艺流程开展了提铁降硅试验研究。对TFe品位42.44%、SiO_(2)含量35.42%的混合磁选精矿,在磨矿细度为-0.045 mm占97%情况下,全流程试验获得了产率53.87%、TFe品位67.87%、SiO_(2)含量1.96%、TFe回收率86.15%的高品质铁精矿;磨矿细度为-0.045 mm占94%情况下,适当增大捕收剂RA用量,可获得产率54.76%、TFe品位67.14%、SiO_(2)含量2.09%、TFe回收率86.63%的高品质铁精矿。研究结果可作为选矿厂提铁降硅工艺流程优化决策依据,对类似性质难选铁矿石的高效开发利用具有参考价值。

纳米复合陶瓷球在张庄矿高硅难磨铁矿中的应用

为验证纳米复合陶瓷球应用于高硅、高硬度铁矿石的可行性,以马钢张庄矿二段球磨给矿为原料,开展了不同粒级陶瓷球配比试验、全陶瓷球及陶瓷球+钢球试验、球磨机浓度及充填率等工艺条件试验。试验结果表明:在陶瓷球ϕ30 mm、ϕ25 mm、ϕ20 mm配比为20%∶60%∶20%、充填率为40%、球磨浓度为70%的条件下,陶瓷球、陶瓷球+钢球磨矿产品粒度分布中-0.023 mm含量下降幅度分别达31.98%,21.29%,试验室条件下的陶瓷球或陶瓷球+钢球磨产品粒度分布中能有效减少过磨粒级的产生,降低球磨机电耗,可使用陶瓷球替代钢球进行工业生产。