The traditional standard wet sieving method uses steel sieves with aperture?0.063 mm and can only determine the particle size distribution(PSD)of gravel and sand in general soil.This paper extends the traditional meth...The traditional standard wet sieving method uses steel sieves with aperture?0.063 mm and can only determine the particle size distribution(PSD)of gravel and sand in general soil.This paper extends the traditional method and presents an extended wet sieving method.The extended method uses both the steel sieves and the nylon filter cloth sieves.The apertures of the cloth sieves are smaller than 0.063 mm and equal 0.048 mm,0.038 mm,0.014 mm,0.012 mm,0.0063 mm,0.004 mm,0.003 mm,0.002 mm,and 0.001 mm,respectively.The extended method uses five steps to separate the general soil into many material sub-groups of gravel,sand,silt and clay with known particle size ranges.The complete PSD of the general soil is then calculated from the dry masses of the individual material sub-groups.The extended method is demonstrated with a general soil of completely decomposed granite(CDG)in Hong Kong,China.The silt and clay materials with different particle size ranges are further examined,checked and verified using stereomicroscopic observation,physical and chemical property tests.The results further confirm the correctness of the extended wet sieving method.展开更多
Soil stabilization using nanomaterials is an emerging research area although,to date,its investigation has mostly been laboratory-based and therefore requires extensive study for transfer to practical field ap-plicati...Soil stabilization using nanomaterials is an emerging research area although,to date,its investigation has mostly been laboratory-based and therefore requires extensive study for transfer to practical field ap-plications.The present study advocates nano-calcium carbonate(NCC)material,a relatively unexplored nanomaterial additive,for stabilization of low-plasticity fine-grained soil having moderate organic content.The plasticity index,compaction,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),compressibility and permeability characteristics of the 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%NCC-treated soil,and untreated soil(as control),were determined,including investigations of the effect of up to 90-d curing on the UCS and permeability properties.In terms of UCS improvement,0.4%NCC addition was identified as the optimum dosage,mobilizing a UCS at 90-d curing of almost twice that for the untreated soil.For treated soil,particle aggregation arising from NCC addition initially produced an increase in the permeability coef-ficient,but its magnitude decreased for increased curing owing to calcium silicate hydrate(CSH)gel formation,although still remaining higher compared to the untreated soil for all dosages and curing periods investigated.Compression index decreased for all NCC-treated soil investigated.SEM micro-graphs indicated the presence of gel patches along with particle aggregation.X-ray diffraction(XRD)results showed the presence of hydration products,such as CSH.Significant increases in UCS are initially attributed to void filling and then because of CSH gel formation with increased curing.展开更多
利用现有的数据,分析蚯蚓密度与土壤物理肥力主要参数之间的关系,定量评价蚯蚓对土壤物理性状的影响。通过中国知网和Web of Science,输入关键词(蚯蚓、土壤容重、土壤含水量、土壤质地、土壤孔隙度、土壤水稳定性团聚体)搜索,提取其中...利用现有的数据,分析蚯蚓密度与土壤物理肥力主要参数之间的关系,定量评价蚯蚓对土壤物理性状的影响。通过中国知网和Web of Science,输入关键词(蚯蚓、土壤容重、土壤含水量、土壤质地、土壤孔隙度、土壤水稳定性团聚体)搜索,提取其中相关的数据,将文献提取的数据与调研获得的数据结合,进行Pearson相关性分析。研究发现,蚯蚓密度与砂粒相对含量呈极显著的负指数关系(P<0.001),与粉粒相对含量呈显著的正指数关系(P<0.05),而与黏粒相对含量呈极显著的幂函数关系(P<0.001);与土壤容重呈微弱的负相关关系(P<0.20),但与土壤孔隙度呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05);与水稳定性团聚体含量呈微弱的正相关关系(P<0.5),但与水分含量呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.001)。基于蚯蚓密度与砂粒、粉粒、黏粒相对含量,土壤容重、孔隙度,水稳定性团聚体、水分含量关系,可以将蚯蚓密度与土壤物理肥力主要参数之间的定量关系分为5个等级,以用于评价蚯蚓对土壤物理肥力指标的影响。展开更多
基金The work described in this paper was partially supported by grants from the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project Nos.HKU 17207518 and R5037-18).
文摘The traditional standard wet sieving method uses steel sieves with aperture?0.063 mm and can only determine the particle size distribution(PSD)of gravel and sand in general soil.This paper extends the traditional method and presents an extended wet sieving method.The extended method uses both the steel sieves and the nylon filter cloth sieves.The apertures of the cloth sieves are smaller than 0.063 mm and equal 0.048 mm,0.038 mm,0.014 mm,0.012 mm,0.0063 mm,0.004 mm,0.003 mm,0.002 mm,and 0.001 mm,respectively.The extended method uses five steps to separate the general soil into many material sub-groups of gravel,sand,silt and clay with known particle size ranges.The complete PSD of the general soil is then calculated from the dry masses of the individual material sub-groups.The extended method is demonstrated with a general soil of completely decomposed granite(CDG)in Hong Kong,China.The silt and clay materials with different particle size ranges are further examined,checked and verified using stereomicroscopic observation,physical and chemical property tests.The results further confirm the correctness of the extended wet sieving method.
文摘Soil stabilization using nanomaterials is an emerging research area although,to date,its investigation has mostly been laboratory-based and therefore requires extensive study for transfer to practical field ap-plications.The present study advocates nano-calcium carbonate(NCC)material,a relatively unexplored nanomaterial additive,for stabilization of low-plasticity fine-grained soil having moderate organic content.The plasticity index,compaction,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),compressibility and permeability characteristics of the 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%NCC-treated soil,and untreated soil(as control),were determined,including investigations of the effect of up to 90-d curing on the UCS and permeability properties.In terms of UCS improvement,0.4%NCC addition was identified as the optimum dosage,mobilizing a UCS at 90-d curing of almost twice that for the untreated soil.For treated soil,particle aggregation arising from NCC addition initially produced an increase in the permeability coef-ficient,but its magnitude decreased for increased curing owing to calcium silicate hydrate(CSH)gel formation,although still remaining higher compared to the untreated soil for all dosages and curing periods investigated.Compression index decreased for all NCC-treated soil investigated.SEM micro-graphs indicated the presence of gel patches along with particle aggregation.X-ray diffraction(XRD)results showed the presence of hydration products,such as CSH.Significant increases in UCS are initially attributed to void filling and then because of CSH gel formation with increased curing.
文摘利用现有的数据,分析蚯蚓密度与土壤物理肥力主要参数之间的关系,定量评价蚯蚓对土壤物理性状的影响。通过中国知网和Web of Science,输入关键词(蚯蚓、土壤容重、土壤含水量、土壤质地、土壤孔隙度、土壤水稳定性团聚体)搜索,提取其中相关的数据,将文献提取的数据与调研获得的数据结合,进行Pearson相关性分析。研究发现,蚯蚓密度与砂粒相对含量呈极显著的负指数关系(P<0.001),与粉粒相对含量呈显著的正指数关系(P<0.05),而与黏粒相对含量呈极显著的幂函数关系(P<0.001);与土壤容重呈微弱的负相关关系(P<0.20),但与土壤孔隙度呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05);与水稳定性团聚体含量呈微弱的正相关关系(P<0.5),但与水分含量呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.001)。基于蚯蚓密度与砂粒、粉粒、黏粒相对含量,土壤容重、孔隙度,水稳定性团聚体、水分含量关系,可以将蚯蚓密度与土壤物理肥力主要参数之间的定量关系分为5个等级,以用于评价蚯蚓对土壤物理肥力指标的影响。
