Behavior of silver and lead in selective chlorination leaching process of gold-antimony alloy

The behavior of silver and lead in the selective chlorination leaching process of gold-antimony alloy was analyzed in detail and appropriate recovery methods were developed.A reduction method by adding gold-antimony alloy powder was adopted to recover silver according to the thermodynamics calculation.The reducing rate of silver can exceed 99%at 80℃for 1.5 h when the dosage of gold-antimony alloy powder is 10%.The dissolution equilibrium curved surfaces of PbSO4 and PbCl2 under different conditions were drawn.The experimental results are well consistent with theoretical analysis that indicate lead may be precipitated in the form of lead chloride.The grade of gold in the residue can be further concentrated to 94.5%after being washed with hot water. These two methods have been applied successfully in the practice.

The mechanisms of paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in hydrothermal solutions

On the basis of an experimental study and thermodynamic calculation, the mechanisms of paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in the hydrothermal system have been studied. At acidic to nearly neutral pH, their chloride complexes are stable, and among them the chloride complexes of zinc are most stable. And the sulfide complexes are the dominant species at nearly neutral to alkaline pH, while the sulfide complexes of silver are most stable. With decreasing temperature, , f-{O-2} and increasing pH, the solubilities of silver, lead and zinc will decrease, leading to their deposition and separation. For sulfide complexes, the concentrations of reduced sulfur and pH are two important factors affecting their stabilities. Complexes of different forms and stabilities respond to the variation of conditions to different extents, which gave rise to the paragenesis and separation of silver, lead and zinc in the whole ore-forming process of dissolution, transport and deposition.

Separation of sulfide lead-zinc-silver ore under low alkalinity condition

A complex lead-zinc-silver sulfide ore containing 2.98% Pb, 6.49% Zn and 116.32×10-4% Ag (mass fraction) from Yunnan Province, China, was subjected to this work. Research on mineral processing was conducted according to the properties of the lead-zinc-silver ore. Under low alkalinity condition, the lead minerals are successfully separated from the zinc minerals with new reagent YZN as zinc depressant, new reagent BPB as lead collector, CuSO4 as zinc activator and ethyl xanthate as zinc collector. The associated silver is mostly concentrated to the lead concentrate. With the process utilized in this work, a lead concentrate of 51.90% Pb with a recovery of 82.34% and a zinc concentrate of 56.96% Zn with a recovery of 81.98% are produced. The silver recovery in the lead concentrate is 80.61%. Interactions of flotation reagents with minerals were investigated, of which the results indicate that the presence of proper amount of Na2S can precipitate Pb2+ and has a sulfidation on oxidized lead minerals. The results also show that Na2CO3 and YZN used together as combined depressants for sphalerite can signally improve the depressing effect of new reagent YZN on sphalerite.

Improvement of flotation behavior of Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore by pulp potential control flotation

The electrochemical behavior of Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore flotation system was studied. Based on the electrochemical characteristics of sulfide mineral flotation system, a stage potential control flotation was developed with the main parameters of pulp potential(φp), pH value and collector dosage. Using N,N’ diphenylamino-dithiolphosphoric acid(NNDDC) as a collector, which has good selectivity for galena flotation at pH 8.8 and pulp potential 330 mV, DDTC is used as secondary collector to improve both the grade and recovery of Pb and Ag. The pulp potential values significantly influence the floatability of practical minerals and single minerals when using NNDDC as the collector. The flotation recovery of galena reaches 85% at about 0.3 V and pH8.8. With the usage of pulp potential control during grinding and flotation, the new pulp electrochemical technology for Mengzi lead-silver-zinc ore flotation was developed. The results show that the grades of Pb and Ag of galena concentrate are 55% and 1 800 g/t, respectively, while the recoveries of Pb and Ag are 86.5% and 65%, respectively, the grade of Zn of marmatite concentrate is 42.5%, and the recovery of Zn is 91.25%.

Isotope Geochemistry of the Xinchang -Yongjia Silver (Lead-Zinc)Ore Belt in Eastern Zhejiang Province

In the Xinchang-Yongjia silver (lead-zinc) ore belt, there mainly occur the large to medium-sized Haoshi, Bamao, Dalingkou and Wubu silver deposits or silver-bearing lead-zinc deposits. On the basis of researches on these typical deposits, the mechanism of leaching-drawing mineralization of Mesozoic geothermal water and the related model are put forward in this paper in the light of the time interval between rock and formation ages as well as hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur and lead isotope geochemical characteristics. The major metallogenic process occurred in volcanic rock layers. The ore-forming fluids are geothermal water coming from meteoric water and circulating at shallow layers. This geothermal water leached and absorbed ore-forming materials from its country rocks during its flowing (such metallogenic elements as silver, lead-zinc and sulphur mainly came from consolidated volcanic rocks), leading to the formation of meso - epithermal silver deposits.

Lead-Zinc-Silver Metallogenic Prediction Based on Weights of Evidence Approach:A case Study in Tuotuohe Region,Qinghai,China

Tuotuo River region(E91°-E93°,N33°-N 35°) is located in southwest Qinghai Province,P.R.China.It lies in one of the most important metallogenic belts in China—Northwest Sanjiang Metallogenic Belt,due to which Tuotuo River region can be of very high metal mineral potential not only in Qinghai Province but also nationwide.In this research,multisource data sets including geological,geochemical,geophysical, and remotely sensed images were integrated for mineral potential analysis with GIS technology.Under the guidance of regional metallogenic features and deposit-forming geologic anomaly theories,evidential layers were obtained from these sets,which

铅银渣熔化-烟化过程中银物相演化规律的研究

针对铅银渣中银元素在熔化-烟化过程中物相演化规律开展研究。通过热力学计算分析,研究铅银渣中银物相挥发的热力学机制,并基于热力学理论,开展单因素实验,研究反应温度、配碳比和保温时间对银回收率的影响,得出最佳工艺参数。接着通过观察微观组织形貌,结合理论计算与实验结果,明确铅银渣中银物相在熔化-烟化过程中的演化规律。热力学分析结果表明,铅银渣中的Ag_(2)O会优先挥发到烟尘中;渣中的AgCl不发生氧化反应、还原反应和分解反应,会挥发到烟尘中;渣中的Ag_(2)S不挥发也不发生还原反应,会被氧化成Ag_(2)SO_(4);在低温时渣中的Ag_(2)SO_(4)会被还原为单质银,单质银与铅、锌形成合金被携带进入烟尘;在高温时,Ag_(2)SO_(4)的蒸气压急剧增大,会挥发到烟尘中。银扩大配渣实验结果表明,烟尘中物相为Ag_(2)O、AgCl、Ag_(2)SO_(4)和单质银,这与热力学分析结果一致。单因素实验表明,回收铅银渣中银的最佳工艺参数为反应温度1 300℃、配碳比16.30%、保温时间150 min;在此条件下,银回收率为80.26%。

改性黑药类捕收剂强化浮选玉龙铅锌矿中伴生银的无碱工艺研究

针对玉龙铅锌矿浮选过程中伴生银矿物回收率不高等问题,进行了新型捕收剂下无碱铅银浮选工艺研究。研究结果表明,在磨矿细度为-74μm占65%时,抑制剂采用亚硫酸钠与硫酸锌,捕收剂采用改性黑药类捕收剂CY-1,可实现无碱条件下铅银精矿中银回收率的显著提升。闭路实验获得了含Pb 52.05%、Ag 4 866 g/t的铅银精矿,铅、银回收率分别为91.76%和84.43%。与乙硫氮+丁铵黑药为组合捕收剂时的高碱工艺相比,铅、银回收率分别提高了2.5和6百分点。该工艺消除了浮选过程中石灰对银矿物的抑制,有助于强化铅锌矿伴生稀贵金属的综合回收,提升资源的综合利用效率。

铅银渣混配铅精矿直接还原熔炼成渣特性及动力学解析

利用铅火法熔炼资源化消纳铅银渣等含铅固废已成为大势所趋。然而,由于原料结构明显差异导致常规高铅渣直接还原控制理论并不适用于混配铅银渣的反应过程。为此,在原料赋存状态及热力学分析基础上,结合还原实验对资源化消纳铅银渣的直接还原过程成渣特性及反应动力学规律进行了研究。结果表明,还原初期及还原后期(>30 min)均受界面反应控制,还原20~30 min内受外扩散控制,可通过增大反应界面及降低黏度来强化还原反应效率。随还原过程进行,渣中含铅相不断减少,锌黄长石相和铁锌尖晶石不断增加,硅酸盐结构由简单SiO_(4)^(4-)变为Si_(2)O_(7)^(4-),还原渣熔化温度及黏度均有所增加;控制终渣FeO/SiO_(2)=1.6,CaO/SiO_(2)=0.6,ZnO≤20 wt.%,可满足还原熔炼生产要求。

地质样品银、铜、铅、锌测定过程中应用试液称重火焰原子吸收分光光度法的研究

本文应用试液称重火焰原子吸收分光光度法对地质样品银、铜、铅、锌元素进行测定。通过试验发现该方法不仅操作起来非常简便,而且测试速度快,所用试剂较少,试验操作不会对人员和环境造成伤害。另外,这一方法通过国家标准物质测定验证,获得的结果能够满足地质规范相关要求,在地质样品大批量测定过程当中可以推广应用。

内蒙古东乌旗布尔罕特地区物化探异常特征及找矿远景

内蒙古东乌旗布尔罕特地区位于大兴安岭多金属成矿带的中部,区内发育晚侏罗世及早白垩世两期A型花岗岩侵入上泥盆统安格尔音乌拉组中,具有十分有利的成矿地质条件。本文基于在该区开展的1∶1万土壤地球化学测量和地面1∶1万磁测工作,圈出了3个土壤地球化学甲级异常和2个负磁异常区。土壤地球化学异常主要异常元素为Ag、Pb、Zn及Au等,浓集中心明显,套合良好;地面高精度磁测异常区与化探异常及新发现的银铅锌矿化点高度套合。综合分析布尔罕特地区的成矿地质条件及物化探异常特征,认为该区具有良好的热液型银铅锌多金属矿成矿远景,有望取得找矿突破。

内蒙古索家沟银多金属矿床地球物理特征及找矿前景

内蒙古索家沟银多金属矿床是近年来在内蒙古中部玄武岩覆盖区发现的隐伏大型矿床,估算银金属量1400 t,铅+锌金属量28万t。该隐伏矿床的成功发现得益于地球物理方法的合理运用,即在综合研究区域地质、矿产、物化探成果的基础上,优选成矿有利的玄武岩覆盖区,通过1∶1万地面高精度磁测量及1∶5千双频激电剖面测量圈出玄武岩覆盖区成矿有利部位,结合可控源音频大地电磁测深(CSAMT)、频谱激电测深(SIP)对深部矿化特征进行剖析,经钻探验证发现了隐伏银多金属矿体。本文剖析了索家沟矿床地球物理特征,推测了深部异常极化体延展情况,预测银铅锌多金属矿化体往深部尚有较大延展空间,指出了进一步找矿前景。同时提出快速高效的地质-物探(高精度磁测-双频激电-CSMT-SIP)-钻探的优选找矿方法组合在覆盖区找矿具有较好的应用价值。

山西方山县铅锌银矿床地质特征与找矿标志

山西省相对缺乏铅锌银矿产,为加大对山西本土铅锌银矿产资源的综合利用,文章结合物化探方法对吕梁市方山县黄圈塔铅锌银矿的矿床地质特征进行研究。研究结果表明,该铅锌银矿体主要受断层破碎带控制,呈脉状产出,通过激电法对矿(化)带进行形态追踪,显示出矿(化)带具有相对较高的视电阻率和极化率异常,异常空间位置与F 1断层位置基本一致,异常体向深部延伸并逐渐转向西南。沿矿带走向上,Pb、Zn、Ag以及其他金属元素地球化学组合异常明显,异常长轴约300 m,长轴方向与激电异常基本一致。矿石自然类型为赤铁矿化铅锌矿氧化矿石,矿床成因类型属于热液蚀变破碎带层控型矿床。找矿时应多关注高角度断裂构造破碎带、构造角砾岩、地层内发生的碳酸盐化、褐铁矿化,同时也是地表找矿的直接标志。

河北省隆化县宋家窝铺银铅锌矿地质特征及矿床成因分析

河北省隆化县宋家窝铺银铅锌矿处于火山沉积盆地与岩浆隆起带的过渡地段,矿床成因分析及成矿模式的建立对于区内找矿具有重要的指导意义。本文概括了该地区地层、构造、岩浆岩特征;简述了矿化体特征、矿石质量;初步分析探讨成矿物质来源及矿床成因。

含银铸造锡铅合金光谱标准样品的研制

对含银铸造锡铅合金光谱标准样品的工艺流程、均匀性检验及定值分析及结果进行研究。以锡锭、纯铅锭和外购的纯银锭、纯铋锭,中间合金是单位自制的SnSb11.5、SnCu10为原料,利用熔化炉熔炼加入杂质元素,制备标准样品,研制的标准样品均匀性和稳定性良好,组织致密、无气孔缺陷,定值可靠,可满足本单位生产、科研的使用要求。

含砷银铅锌矿工艺矿物学研究

以呼伦贝尔某含砷银铅锌矿石为研究对象,利用化学多元素分析、物相分析、光学显微镜、MLA等多种分析手段对矿石进行工艺矿物学研究。结果表明:矿石中有用元素为铅和锌,质量分数分别为1.63%和1.72%,伴生贵金属银含量约46.31 g/t,有害元素As质量分数为0.34%;矿石中金属矿物主要为黄铁矿、闪锌矿、毒砂、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿,脉石矿物主要为石英、云母、长石、绿泥石、方解石等;矿石矿物粒径中等,+0.105 mm的方铅矿、闪锌矿和毒砂的占比分别为73.56%、79.2%、83.43%,属中粒粒级嵌布范畴,方铅矿和闪锌矿与其他矿物整体以毗邻镶嵌为主,少量方铅矿和闪锌矿沿黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、毒砂、黄铜矿等矿物的裂隙或粒间充填交代,构成较为复杂的镶嵌关系,可能造成方铅矿-毒砂连生体和闪锌矿-毒砂连生体进入到铅精矿或锌精矿,导致铅精矿、锌精矿中含砷偏高。

金精矿中金银铜铅锌的测定及不确定度分析

在国家经济发展的同时,金属工业的科技水准也在稳步提高,在金属工业中,利用科技手段对岩石矿物进行化验具有十分重要的意义。分析检测岩石矿物,它不但可以对矿石的化学成分进行分析,还可以对矿石中金、银、铜、铅、锌等各种成分进行测量,对矿产资源的开发、冶炼过程中的取样等都具有重要的指导意义。文中介绍了金精矿中金银铜铅锌常用的测定方法,具体分析了金银铜铅锌的测定,探讨了测定的不确定度,旨在为相关工作提供帮助,助力采矿事业的高质量持续发展。

湖南宜章县田尾矿区平和铅锌银矿矿床地质特征及成因分析

本文介绍了铅锌银矿矿床的概况,包括其地层、地质构造、岩浆岩与围岩蚀变、矿床特征和矿体特征等方面。接着,文章对成矿温度、成矿流体来源、成矿物质来源和成矿年代等方面进行了分析。通过分析得出,矿床主要分布在石灰岩、页岩和砂岩中,成矿温度较高,成矿流体多来源于地下热水,成矿物质多来自围岩和深部地壳物质。此外,地质构造和岩浆岩与围岩蚀变也是矿床形成的重要因素。以上结论对于理解铅锌银矿床的形成机制、指导矿产勘探和开采具有重要意义。

铅试金加纯银富集-原子吸收光谱法测定铋渣中金含量

在铅试金方法中以加入适量纯银的方式富集金,从含有金的铋渣中提炼出金银合粒。合粒经稀硝酸溶解银后剩余金粒,分离后金粒经王水溶解定容,使用原子吸收光谱仪测定溶液中金量;同时用二次试金的结果进行补正,最终得到样品中金含量。讨论了样品中高含量铋对熔融、灰吹流程的影响,通过试验确定了试料的称样量及铅试金熔剂配料量;优化了二次试金的细节,提高了工作效率,并探讨了如何对一次试金的结果进行有效补正;通过加标回收的方式对分析方法的精密度和准确度进行了统计,该方法测定的金含量相对标准偏差为0.82%~1.69%;加标回收率为97.18%~102.84%。试验表明,本方法能快速准确地测定高铋物料中金的含量。

侧吹炉协同处理铜阳极泥浸出渣回收有价金属新工艺研究

采用侧吹炉协同处理铜阳极泥浸出渣,综合回收有价金属,考察了纯碱用量、粒煤用量、沉淀时间、炉顶烟气温度对主金属Pb、Sb、Bi、Au、Ag回收率的影响。结果表明,适宜的处理工艺参数为:纯碱用量2.5%、粒煤用量3%、沉淀时间1.5 h、炉顶烟气温度750℃,此时贵铅中Au品位达到1 544 g/t(富集了1.84倍)、Ag品位达到10.37%(富集了1.4倍)、Pb品位达到22.89%(富集了2.1倍)、Bi品位达到27.45%(富集了2.2倍)。