有向图上基于层次树索引的最大cycle truss社区搜索

社区搜索旨在从信息网络中找出包含用户查询顶点的高内聚连通子图,cycle truss是一种基于cycle三角形的社区搜索模型,而现有的基于索引的cycle truss社区搜索方法存在索引空间大、搜索效率低、社区内聚性低的缺点。为了解决这一问题,提出一种基于层次树索引的最大cycle truss社区搜索方法。首先,提出了k-cycle truss分解算法,并引入了两个重要的概念:cycle三角连通与k-层次等价。基于k-层次等价设计了层次树索引TreeCIndex与表结构索引SuperTable,在此基础上,并基于这两个新的索引,提出了两个高效的cycle truss社区搜索算法。在4个真实数据集上与已有的基于TrussIndex与EquiTruss的社区搜索算法进行了比较,实验结果表明,TreeCIndex与SuperTable比TrussIndex与EquiTruss节省至少41.5%的空间,索引构建的时间节省8.2%至98.3%,且搜索最大cycle truss社区的效率分别高出了一个和两个数量级。

Sensitivity of Nonlinearity on the ENSO Cycle in a Simple Air-Sea Coupled Model

In this paper,the influence of the El NioSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle on the sensitivity of nonlinear factors in the numerical simulation is investigated by conducting numerical experiments in a simple air-sea coupled model for ENSO prediction.Two sets of experiments are conducted in which zonal nonlinear factors,meridional nonlinear factors,or both are incorporated into the governing equations for the atmosphere or ocean.The results suggest that the ENSO cycle is very sensitive to the nonlinear factor of the governing equation for the atmosphere or ocean.Thus,incorporating nonlinearity into air-sea coupled models is of exclusive importance for improving ENSO simulation.

A Note on Directed 5-Cycles in Digraphs

In this note, it is proved that if α≥0.24817, then any digraph on n vertices with minimum outdegree at least αn contains a directed cycle of length at most 5.

On a Number of Colors in Cyclically Interval Edge Colorings of Simple Cycles

A proper edge t-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of its edges with colors 1,2,???,t such that all colors are used, and no two adjacent edges receive the same color. A cyclically interval t-coloring of a graph G is a proper edge t-coloring of G such that for each its vertex x, either the set of colors used on edges incident to x or the set of colors not used on edges incident to x forms an interval of integers. For an arbitrary simple cycle, all possible values of t are found, for which the graph has a cyclically interval t-coloring.

On the Signed Domination Number of the Cartesian Product of Two Directed Cycles

Let D be a finite simple directed graph with vertex set V(D) and arc set A(D). A function ?is called a signed dominating function (SDF) if ?for each vertex . The weight ?of f is defined by . The signed domination number of a digraph D is . Let Cm × Cn denotes the cartesian product of directed cycles of length m and n. In this paper, we determine the exact values of gs(Cm × Cn) for m = 8, 9, 10 and arbitrary n. Also, we give the exact value of gs(Cm × Cn) when m, ?(mod 3) and bounds for otherwise.

Biggs Theorem for Directed Cycles and Topological Invariants of Digraphs

We generalize Biggs Theorem to the case of directed cycles of multi-digraphs allowing to compute the dimension of the directed cycle space independently of the graph representation with linear runtime complexity. By considering two-dimensional CW complex of elementary cycles and deriving formulas for the Betti numbers of the associated cellular homology groups, we extend the list of representation independent topological inavariants measuring the graph structure. We prove the computation of the 2nd Betti number to be sharp #P hard in general and present specific representation invariant sub-fillings yielding efficiently computable homology groups. Finally, we suggest how to use the provided structural measures to shed new light on graph theoretical problems as graph embeddings, discrete Morse theory and graph clustering.

冻融作用下冰碛体剪切特性与围岩压力研究

冰碛体是由冰川作用搬运大量碎屑物质堆积形成的特殊岩土体。受赋存的地理及气候条件影响,冻融作用会对穿越该类围岩的隧道尤其是洞口段的工程建设带来挑战。笔者调研了中国西藏地区冰碛体围岩地质条件,设置冻融循环直剪试验研究了冻融循环次数与含水率对冻结冰碛体的力学特性和力学指标影响,引入冻融次数与含水率综合参数K,拟合得出黏聚力c公式。结果表明:冻融循环和含水率对冰碛体黏聚力c有较大影响。改进了太沙基理论,提出了适用于冰碛体围岩隧道洞口段的围岩压力计算公式。以昌林铁路某隧道为例,计算不同条件下的围岩压力,验证了公式的合理性。研究发现:冻融循环和含水率是影响冰碛体力学性能变化的重要因素,冻融作用对洞口段隧道围岩压力有不同程度的影响,在工程建设中应充分考虑。

基于BO-BiGRU-Attention短期电力负荷预测

电力系统的可靠供应对于工业、商业和居民的生活至关重要。为了满足电力需求并维持电力系统的稳定运行,提高短期电力负荷预测的准确性和可靠性尤为关键;针对负荷数据存在复杂的非线性特性,该文提出一种基于贝叶斯优化算法的双向门控循环单元和注意力机制(BO-BiGRU-Attention)的混合预测模型对短期电力负荷进行精准预测。首先,使用Min-Max Normalization方法对负荷数据进行归一化处理。其次,利用BiGRU网络捕获序列中的长期依赖关系和上下文信息,结合注意力机制,通过在输入序列的不同部分给予不同的权重,从而突出关键特征。最后,针对BiGRU-Attention模型的超参数难以选取最优解的问题,引入贝叶斯优化算法对BiGRU-Attention模型的超参数进行寻优,完成短期电力负荷的预测。采用印度北部某地区的电力负荷数据进行预测分析,仿真结果表明,BO-BiGRU-Attention网络表现优于其他模型,各误差评价指标最小,其中MAE、RMSE和MAPE分别为56.67,73.49和1.16%,预测精度达到了99.47%。

含水率和冻融循环对筋土界面剪切特性的影响

制作了一套可实现温度控制的筋土界面直剪试验设备。为了研究含水率、界面温度、冻融循环次数对筋土界面剪切特性的影响,开展11组土工格栅-砂土界面直剪试验。研究结果表明,筋土界面的黏聚力和摩擦角均随含水率的增加而减小,当含水率提高时,筋土间的抗剪强度减弱。加筋可显著提高冻土的抗剪强度,当界面温度为-10℃时,土工格栅-砂土界面剪应力峰值较冻结后砂土的剪应力增加了约20%。筋土界面剪应力随着界面温度的降低而增大,当界面温度在0℃以下时,剪应力较大且剪应力-剪切位移曲线会出现峰值强度和残余强度,而在无冻结情况下,筋土界面剪应力稳定值基本相同。冻融循环后筋土界面的抗剪强度减小,筋土界面的黏聚力和摩擦角均随着冻融循环次数的增加而减小,但在4次冻融循环后趋于稳定。研究成果可为冻土地区土工格栅加筋土结构的设计和应用提供理论依据。

饱和黏土不排水抗剪强度特性研究

饱和黏土的不排水抗剪强度(su)是海洋工程地基稳定性验算必备的参数,该参数的准确性对工程安全至关重要。室内等向固结三轴压缩试验(CIUC)是工程中获得su最普遍的方法。随着对海洋土工程特性认识的加深及国际设计方法的引入,su的室内测试方法种类增加,但不同方法测得的su存在差异。针对天津滨海黏土开展不同固结方式、剪切方式以及不同超固结比(OCR)条件下的三轴压缩、三轴拉伸和静单剪(DSS)试验,分析比较了不同试验方法得到的su,并揭示了导致同一种土体su产生差异的原因,建立起不同试验方法测得的su之间的定量关系。在此基础上结合修正剑桥模型提出了可以预测不同试验方法su的计算公式。

基于能量法的海洋黏土循环破坏准则试验研究

海洋黏土循环强度的合理确定对确保海洋结构物全寿命服役期的稳定性有重要意义。针对不同塑性指数IP长江口原状海洋黏土,开展了不同循环应力比CSR条件下的常体积循环单剪试验,结合能量法探究了原状海洋黏土的循环破坏准则。研究结果表明:原状海洋黏土存在门槛循环应力比CSR_(th),当CSR<CSR_(th)时,单圈能量耗散Wi只在较小范围内线性发展,土体不会发生循环破坏;当CSR>CSR^(th)时,Wi随循环振次N的发展曲线因土体结构的严重破坏而出现突变点,并以该点作为破坏点确定了破坏振次Nf和破坏双幅剪应变γ_(DA,f);长江口原状海洋黏土的CSR^(th)随IP增大增长呈现幂函数关系。随着CSR和PI的增大,Wi和γ_(DA,f)均逐渐增大,N_(f)逐渐减小。γ_(DA,f)/IP^(1.5)-CSR-CSR^(th)的数据点分布在一条较窄的范围内,且γ_(DA,f)/IP^(1.5)随CSR-CSR^(th)增长服从线性函数关系,提出了适用于不同海域原状海洋黏土DA,fg的评价方法。

多焦点经颅直流电刺激激活运动皮层对骑行耐力表现的影响

目的:以前额叶皮层和运动皮层为目标脑区,在健康人群中探索多焦点经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)同时刺激多脑区对骑行耐力表现的影响。方法:受试者在功率自行车上进行递增负荷耐力运动,期间采用功能性近红外光谱脑成像系统监测目标皮层运动终止时的血流动力学表现,通过分析皮层激活与运动时间的相关性确定目标脑区。其后采用多焦点tDCS针对性刺激目标脑区,分析和比较刺激前后最后阶段运动表现和下肢肌肉均方根振幅(root mean square amplitude,RMS),评估刺激干预对骑行耐力表现的影响。结果:1)前额叶皮层和运动皮层在运动终止时大面积激活,其中运动皮层FC1h、FC2h、C1h和C2h的激活与运动时间显著负相关。2)相比刺激前,运动中的心率在多焦点tDCS刺激后显著降低;相比Sham组,多焦点tDCS刺激显著提高运动的做功量和骑行转速。3)推进期,相比刺激前,股直肌、股四头肌内侧、股四头肌外侧和胫骨前肌的RMS在多焦点tDCS刺激后显著降低;相比Sham组,多焦点tDCS组股二头肌RMS在刺激后呈现低的激活水平。提拉期,相比刺激前,股二头肌RMS在多焦点tDCS刺激后显著降低;相比Sham组,多焦点tDCS组股四头肌内侧的RMS在刺激后呈现高的激活水平,腓肠肌外侧RMS在刺激后呈现低的激活水平。结论:多焦点tDCS特异性激活运动皮层提高了骑行耐力表现和机体对运动的适应性,多焦点tDCS可能是增强耐力运动表现的一种有效手段。

海上风电筒型基础沉贯阻力计算黏土强度研究

沉贯阻力的准确预测对筒型基础成功应用至关重要。单剪(DSS)试验测得的不排水抗剪强度su是沉贯安装设计中的关键土参数,DSS试验考虑了K0固结下土体的应力状态、主应力旋转以及实际工程平面应变状态,与吸力式筒型安装过程中土体的受荷状态相符。研究总结了黏土中筒型基础沉贯阻力计算方法,并分析了各种方法的特点。针对黏土强度取值问题,采用单剪仪对滨海土进行等体积单剪试验,探讨了干密度ρd、法向应力σv'及超固结比(OCR)对su的影响,并分析了su差异产生的原因。最后,提出了基于临界状态理论、强度指标、SHANSEP的3种预测su的计算方法。研究成果为黏土中筒型基础沉贯阻力计算时土体参数取值提供了依据。

直流配电技术成熟度分析及发展趋势预测

针对当前直流配电技术发展路径不明晰的问题,提出了直流配电技术发展阶段评估和成熟度预测方法以探究其发展趋势。首先,构建基于技术成熟度曲线的技术成熟度评估模型,通过调研文献将其按内容分为规划设计、运行控制与保护、关键设备3类,并进行文献检索以获取成熟度预测数据基础;接着,对未来直流配电技术的成熟度阶段和整体发展趋势进行分析预测,给出技术、热度双重作用下的直流配电成熟度预测结果;最后,通过设计拟合优度指标和交叉验证方法,验证了所提模型的准确性。研究结果表明:文献、专利等成果的数量可以反映技术发展趋势,直流配电技术科学研究热潮将在2030—2040年达到顶峰,并在2060年前后实现稳定发展,这与我国“双碳”目标实现的时间节点有效对应。

砂浆胶-水泥改良膨胀土试验研究

为改良宿迁至连云港段航道膨胀土,选取地表以下0.5~2 m的中等膨胀土,在土中掺入不同比例高分子化合物砂浆胶和水泥混合物,通过直剪试验、膨胀率试验、干湿循环试验和裂隙分析,研究改良后膨胀土的物理力学性质。试验结果表明,随着砂浆胶和水泥的掺入和养护天数增加,膨胀土黏聚力和内摩擦角明显增加,膨胀率减小。改良后的膨胀土裂隙明显减小,且不会随干湿循环次数增加而产生更多裂隙,因此改良后膨胀土强度明显提高、胀缩性明显降低。砂浆胶和水泥改良膨胀土效果显著,成本低,优于其他改良方法,可满足工程需求。

直喷米勒循环汽油机燃用甲醇/汽油燃料燃烧及排放特性分析

围绕高压缩比米勒循环发动机的热效率潜力及甲醇及甲醇/汽油混合燃料对燃烧过程和排放特性的影响进行了深入分析。通过试验对比分析,研究了不同压缩比下米勒循环与传统奥托循环的热效率,探究了甲醇燃料对发动机燃烧性能和排放影响的机理。结果表明,米勒循环在高速高负荷工况下相比奥托循环展现出更高的热效率潜力,同时能够提高对高压缩比的耐受性。试验所选2000 r/min、总平均指示压力(global indicated mean effective pressure,GIMEP)为0.66 MPa工况下,采用米勒循环后在压缩比分别为11.5和14.5时,指示热效率可相对于奥托循环提升约0.6和0.8个百分点。燃用甲醇/汽油燃料能够在保持负荷不变的情况下使燃烧相位提前,有助于进一步提升发动机指示热效率水平。当燃用纯甲醇时,高负荷工况下可显著改善燃烧过程,相比于汽油燃料,缸内最大压力增加约30%,指示热效率增加7.2个百分点,NOx排放明显升高,增幅达80%。此外,燃用甲醇燃料时核模态颗粒物数量显著升高,同时积聚模态微粒数量减少,不同模态微粒峰值均向小粒径方向迁移。

Surrounding rock pressure in the tunnel portal section through moraine under freeze-thaw action

Moraines,characterized by the accumulation of rock and soil debris transported by glacial activity,present unique challenges for tunnel construction,particularly in portal sections,due to prevailing geographical and climatic conditions that facilitate freeze-thaw action.Despite these challenges,there is a dearth of studies investigating the influence of freeze-thaw action and water content on the mechanical properties of moraines,and no research on calculating surrounding rock pressure in moraine tunnels subjected to freeze-thaw conditions.In this study,direct shear tests under freeze-thaw cycles were conducted to examine the effects of freeze-thaw cycles and water content on the mechanical properties of frozen moraine.A comprehensive parameter K,integrating the number of freeze-thaws and water content,was introduced to model cohesion c.Drawing on Terzaghi Theory,we propose an improved algorithm for calculating surrounding rock pressure at the portal section of moraine tunnels.Using a tunnel as a case study,surrounding rock pressure was calculated under various conditions to validate the Improved Algorithm's efficacy.The results show that:(1)Strength loss exhibits a linear trend with the number of freeze-thaw cycles at water content levels of 4%and 8%,while at 12%water content,previous freeze-thaw cycles induce more significant damage to the soil.(2)Moraine saturation peaks between 8%and 12%water content.Following repeated freeze-thaw cycles,moraine shear strength initially increases before decreasing with varying water content.(3)The internal friction angle of moraine experiences slight reductions with prolonged freeze-thaw cycles,but both freeze-thaw cycles and water content significantly influence cohesion.(4)Vertical surrounding rock pressure increases after the initial freeze-thaw cycle,particularly with higher water content,although freeze-thaw cycles have minimal effect on it.(5)Freeze-thaw cycles lead to a substantial increase in lateral surrounding rock pressure,necessitating reinforced support structures at the arch wall,arch waist,and arch foot in engineering projects to mitigate freeze-thaw effects.This study provides a foundation for designing and selecting tunnel support structures in similar geological conditions.

Main focus of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the effectiveness of early clinical screening

BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common mental and behavioral disorder among children.AIM To explore the focus of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder parents and the effectiveness of early clinical screening METHODS This study found that the main directions of parents seeking medical help were short attention time for children under 7 years old(16.6%)and poor academic performance for children over 7 years old(12.1%).We employed a two-stage experiment to diagnose ADHD.Among the 5683 children evaluated from 2018 to 2021,360 met the DSM-5 criteria.Those diagnosed with ADHD underwent assessments for letter,number,and figure attention.Following the exclusion of ADHD-H diagnoses,the detection rate rose to 96.0%,with 310 out of 323 cases identified.RESULTS This study yielded insights into the primary concerns of parents regarding their children's symptoms and validated the efficacy of a straightforward diagnostic test,offering valuable guidance for directing ADHD treatment,facilitating early detection,and enabling timely intervention.Our research delved into the predominant worries of parents across various age groups.Furthermore,we showcased the precision of the simple exclusion experiment in discerning between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in children.CONCLUSION Our study will help diagnose and guide future treatment directions for ADHD.

Assessment of liquefaction potential based on shear wave velocity:Strain energy approach

Liquefaction assessment based on strain energy is significantly superior to conventional stress-based methods.The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the correlation between shear wave velocity and strain energy capacity of silty sands.The dissipated energy until liquefaction occurs was calculated by analyzing the results of three series of comprehensive cyclic direct simple shear and triaxial tests on Ottawa F65,Nevada,and Firoozkuh sands with varying silt content by weight and relative densities.Additionally,the shear wave velocity of each series was obtained using bender element or resonant column tests.Consequently,for the first time,a liquefaction triggering criterion,relating to effective overburden normalized liquefaction capacity energy(WL=s’c)to effective overburden stresscorrected shear wave velocity(eVs1)has been introduced.The accuracy of the proposed criteria was evaluated using in situ data.The results confirm the ability of shear wave velocity as a distinguishing parameter for separating liquefied and non-liquefied soils when it is calculated against liquefaction capacity energy(WL=s’c).However,the proposed WL=s’c-Vs1 curve,similar to previously proposed cyclic resistance ratio(CRR)-Vs1 relationships,should be used conservatively for fields vulnerable to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading.

Effect of Multiple Thermal Cycles on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu Modified Ti64 Thin Wall Fabricated by Wire-Arc Directed Energy Deposition

This study investigated the effect of thermal cycles on Cu-modified Ti64 thin-walled components deposited using the wire-arc directed energy deposition(wire-arc DED)process.For the samples before and after experiencing thermal cycles,it was found that both microstructures consisted of priorβ,grain boundaryα(GBα),and basketweave structures containingα+βlamellae.Thermal cycles realized the refinement ofαlaths,the coarsening of priorβgrains andβlaths,while the size and morphology of continuously distributed GBαremained unchanged.The residualβcontent was increased after thermal cycles.Compared with the heat-treated sample with nanoscale Ti2Cu formed,short residence time in high temperature caused by the rapid cooling rate of thermal cycles restricted Ti2Cu formation.No formation of brittle Ti2Cu means that only grain refinement strengthening and solid-solution strengthening matter.The yield strength increased from 809.9 to 910.85 MPa(12.46%increase).Among them,the main contribution from solid solution strengthening(~51 MPa)was due to the elemental redistribution effect betweenαandβphases caused by thermal cycles through quantitative analysis.The ultimate tensile strength increased from 918.5 to 974.22 MPa(6.1%increase),while fracture elongation increased from 6.78 to 10.66%(57.23%increase).Grain refinement ofαlaths,the promotedα′martensite decomposition,decreased aspect ratio,decreased Schmid factor,and local misorientation change ofαlaths are the main factors in improved ductility.Additionally,although the fracture modes of the samples in the top and middle regions are both brittle-ductile mixed fracture mode,the thermal cycles still contributed to an improvement in tensile ductility.