An Affordable and Easily Accessible Approach for Acrylonitrile Monomer Purification through a Simple Column Technique

This manuscript presents a dataset detailing a method for purifying monomers. Purification plays a crucial role in every chemical process, as it leads to an improvement in product quality through the removal of impurities. The primary method for monomer purification, like acrylonitrile (AN), is the distillation technique. However, this technique is unsafe and hard to set up or handle. A straightforward, risk-free, low-cost method like the column technique resolves these issues. A simple column technique demonstrated the successful execution of purifying AN. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed that AN was successfully purified, with purity reaching 99.8%. FTIR spectra revealed changes in the position and intensity of the stretching vibration peaks after purification. Also, the functional groups of the inhibitor monomethyl ether of hydroquinone (MeHQ) were undetected after purification. Furthermore, after purification, NMR spectra revealed the absence of aromatic protons and carbons associated with MeHQ. In conclusion, the column technique is a successful and inexpensive way to purify AN monomers. This makes it useful for a wide range of applications, especially in polymerization reactions where MeHQ needs to be removed to prevent self-polymerization during the initiation process.

Simple and effective method for treating severe adult skeletal class II malocclusion: A case report

BACKGROUND Severe skeletal class II malocclusion is the indication for combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.CASE SUMMARY A woman with a chief complaint of a protruding chin and an inability to close her lips requested orthodontic camouflage.The treatment plan consisted of extracting the right upper third molar,right lower third molar,left lower second molar,and left upper third molar and moving the maxillary dentition distally using a convenient method involving microimplant nail anchors,push springs,long arm traction hooks,and elastic traction chains.After 52 months of treatment,her overbite and overjet were normal,and her facial profile was favorable.CONCLUSION This method can be used for distal movement of the maxillary dentition and to correct severe skeletal class II malocclusion in adults.

Heat Kernel Estimates on Simple Random Walks and On-Diagonal Upper Bounds

We primarily provide several estimates for the heat kernel defined on the 2-dimensional simple random walk. Additionally, we offer an estimate for the heat kernel on high-dimensional random walks, demonstrating that the heat kernel in higher dimensions converges rapidly. We also compute the constants involved in the estimate for the 1-dimensional heat kernel. Furthermore, we discuss the general case of on-diagonal estimates for the heat kernel.

Life′s Simple 7干预减轻Her⁃2阳性乳腺癌患者化疗相关心血管系统损害的研究

目的探讨Life′s Simple 7(LS7)干预减轻Her⁃2阳性乳腺癌患者根治术后化疗相关心血管系统损害的作用。方法将120例Her⁃2阳性并接受标准化乳腺癌化疗的患者随机等量分为对照组及LS7组,对照组为标准化疗方案,LS7组为对照组基础上给予LS7干预12个月,后续通过比较两组治疗前后心血管系统损伤程度、焦虑、抑郁及生活质量等指标评价其对心血管系统损害的改善作用。结果相较于对照组,LS7组LS7总评分及7项心血管健康指标均优于对照组(P<0.05),LS7组LVEF较高(P<0.05)、NT⁃proBNP较低(P<0.05),焦虑和抑郁评分较低(P<0.05)、生活质量评分较高(P<0.05)。结论LS7干预可显著减轻Her⁃2阳性乳腺癌化疗相关心血管系统损害并改善乳腺癌患者的心理状况和生活质量,值得在临床推广。

成年人Life's Simple 7和非酒精性脂肪性肝病之间的关联

目的探究成年人中Life's Simple 7与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)之间的关联。方法数据来自2017-2018年国家健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)中招募的成年人。排除HBsAg阳性、抗-HCV阳性和大量饮酒后,通过肝脏振动控制瞬时弹性成像(VCTE)对NAFLD进行诊断。参考既往的研究计算Life's Simple 7,0~8分为低分组(inadequate),9~10分为平均组(average),11~14分为优秀组(optimal)。进行多因素Logistic回归分析相关性。结果分析了2376名参与者的数据。NAFLD的总患病率为42.0%,在inadequate、average和optimal评分类别中的患病率分别为62.5%、33.4%和10.8%(P<0.001)。多因素Logistics回归分析,调整了年龄、性别、种族和贫困收入比率(PIR)后显示Life's Simple 7得分越高,NAFLD患病风险降低。跟inadequate组对比,average组OR值为0.31(95%CI:0.23-0.42),optimal组的OR值为0.08(95%CI:0.05-0.13)。根据分层分析,这种关联在不同年龄、性别、种族和经济群体中是相似的。结论越高的Life's Simple 7评分与越低的NAFLD患病率相关。拥有理想的心血管健康指标可能有利于降低普通成年人NAFLD的患病率。

Simple shear extrusion versus equal channel angular pressing:A comparative study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an Mg alloy

Two severe plastic deformation(SPD)techniques of simple shear extrusion(SSE)and equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)were employed to process an extruded Mg-6Gd-3Y-1.5Ag(wt%)alloy at 553 K for 1,2,4 and 6 passes.The microstructural evolutions were studied by electron back scattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The initial grain size of 7.5μm in the extruded alloy was reduced to about 1.3μm after 6 SPD passes.Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization was suggested to be operative in both SSE and ECAP,with also a potential contribution of continuous dynamic recrystallization at the early stages of deformation.The difference in the shear strain paths of the two SPD techniques caused different progression rate of dynamic recrystallization(DRX),so that the alloys processed by ECAP exhibited higher fractions of recrystallization and high angle grain boundaries(HAGBs).It was revealed that crystallographic texture was also significantly influenced by the difference in the strain paths of the two SPD methods,where dissimilar basal plane texture components were obtained.The compression tests,performed along extrusion direction(ED),indicated that the compressive yield stress(CYS)and ultimate compressive strength(UCS)of the alloys after both SEE and ECAP augmented continuously by increasing the number of passes.ECAP-processed alloys had lower values of CYS and UCS compared to their counterparts processed by SSE.This difference in the mechanical responses was attributed to the different configurations of basal planes with respect to the loading direction(ED)of each SPD technique.

基于Simple Seasonal模型上网电量和厂用电量的发电量预测

近年来,预测发电量统计引起国家电网的高度关注。供电企业对发电量进行预测,不仅能满足社会用电要求,还能提高企业的竞争力。文章以辽宁省的两个火电厂为例,采用Simple Seasonal模型预测未来1个月的上网电量和厂用电量,进而统计发电量的预测值。在确保电网安全前提下,不仅可以保障电力供应平稳有序,最大限度减少因无序用电带来的损失,还可以为节约用电开辟一条新的道路。

Symmetry phases of asymmetric simple exclusion processes on two lanes with an intersection

This paper studies two-lane asymmetric simple exclusion processes(ASEPs)with an intersection.In the upstream segments of the intersection,one particle can move to the next site with rate 1 if the site is empty,and the other particle can move forward with rate p in the sites of downstream segments.The parameter p can represent the rate of slowing of motion,and the parameter is introduced to investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking(SSB)phenomenon.Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are carried out.It is shown that three symmetric phases exist and the SSB does not exist in the system.Simple mean field approach in which correlation of sites is ignored is firstly adopted to analyze the system,and the system is divided into four independent segments.It is found that the analytical results deviate from the simulation ones,especially when p is small.In addition,the inexsitence of SSB can only be explained qualitatively.Motivated by this,we carry out the cluster mean field analysis in which correlation of five sites is considered.It is shown that densities of the two upstream segments are equal,which demonstrates that the SSB does not exist.It is also shown that,as expected,the cluster mean field analysis performs much better than the simple mean field analysis.

A Simple One-Step System Enhances the Availability of High-Quality Sperm for Assisted Reproductive Procedures

Over the last forty years, in vitro fertilization, which has expanded to assisted reproductive technologies (ART), has gone from an experimental procedure to the mainstay of infertility treatment. A technique that once made news with each birth is now responsible for 2% - 3% of the babies born in several nations of the world. This has happened due to significant advances in hormone therapies, culture techniques, and the specialization of equipment designed to support oocytes and embryos. However, for all the advances made to support female fertility, little has changed in male treatment since the advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the early 1990’s. Recently, a number of authors have documented problems with sperm preparation techniques. Some report DNA damage, others membrane and organelle issues, all of which potentially hamper fertilization rates and possibly take-home baby rates. Further, as the clinical workload of ART has increased and staffing shortages have become critical, all labs are looking for simpler, more efficient ways to perform job functions. This study describes a simple, one-step method for preparing semen samples for ART. This new technique minimizes excessive manipulation of the sample compared to current standards and is less likely to cause cell damage. Preliminary results suggest a significant enhancement in recovered sample motility and an optimal sample for ART procedures with minimal sample manipulation.

PD-like finite time controller with simple structure for satellite attitude control

A finite time controller with PD-like structure for satellite attitude control is proposed in this paper.The controller is constructed with simple structure based on standard PD controller.The fractional order term is designed hence system could both have strong robustness and finite time convergence rate,and the advantage of finite time control and PD control is combined in this paper.System convergence rate is discussed by Lyapunov method,and the constraint on control parameters is given by implementing the coupled term of angular velocity and attitude quaternion.Moreover,the accuracy at steady stage depending on control parameters is given hence system could converge to this field within finite time.System stability and performance is demonstrated by numerical simulation results.

Hopf Algebra of Labeled Simple Graphs

A lot of combinatorial objects have a natural bialgebra structure. In this paper, we prove that the vector space spanned by labeled simple graphs is a bialgebra with the conjunction product and the unshuffle coproduct. In fact, it is a Hopf algebra since it is graded connected. The main conclusions are that the vector space spanned by labeled simple graphs arising from the unshuffle coproduct is a Hopf algebra and that there is a Hopf homomorphism from permutations to label simple graphs.

Molecular characterization of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas[L.]Lam)germplasms for desirable traits by using simple sequence repeats markers

Every breeding program that aims to create new and improved cultivars with desired traits mostly relies on information related to genetic diversity.Therefore,molecular characterization of germplasms is important to obtain target cultivars with desirable traits.Sweet potato[Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam]is widely considered the world’s most important crop,with great diversity in morphological and phenotypic traits.The genetic diversity of 20 sweet potato germplasms originating from Bangladesh,CIP,Philippines,Taiwan,and Malaysia were compared,which was accomplished by genetic diversity analysis by exploring 20 microsatellite DNA markers for germplasm characterization and utilization.This information was effective in differentiating or clustering the sweet potato genotypes.A total of 64 alleles were generated using the 20 primers throughout the 20 germplasm samples,with locus IBS97 having the highest number of alleles(5),whereas locus IbU33 had the fewest alleles(2).The alleles varied in size from 105(IbU31)to 213 base pairs(IBS34).The Polymorphism Information Content(PIC)values for the loci IbL46 and IBS97 varied from 0.445 to 0.730.IBS97 has the highest number of effective alleles(3.704),compared to an average of 2.520.The average Shannon’s diversity index(H)was 1.003,ranging from 0.673 in IbU3 to 1.432 in IBS97.The value of gene flow(Nm)varied between 0.000 and 0.005,with an average of 0.003,whereas genetic differentiation(FST-values)ranged between 0.901 and 1.000.The sweet potato germplasm included in this study had a broad genetic base.SP1 vs.SP9 and SP12 vs.SP18 germplasm pairings had the greatest genetic distance(GD=0.965),while SP1 vs.SP2 germplasm couples had the least genetic diversity(GD=0.093).Twenty genotypes were classified into two groups in the UPGMA dendrogram,with 16 genotypes classified as group“A”and the remaining four genotypes,SP10,SP18,SP19,and SP20,classified as group“B.”According to cluster analysis,the anticipated heterozygosity(gene diversity)of Nei(1973)was 0.591 on average.In summary,SSR markers successfully evaluated the genetic relationships among the sweet potato accessions used and generated a high level of polymorphism.The results of the present study will be useful for the management of germplasm,improvement of the current breeding strategies,and the release of new cultivars as varieties.

基于SIMPLE药学服务模式的药物指导在呼吸内科慢性病患者用药管理中的效果评估

对基于SIMPLE药学服务模式的药物指导应用于呼吸内科慢性病患者用药管理中的应用效果进行评估。方法 自我院2021年8月~2022年8月间收治的呼吸内科慢性病患者中随机抽选本次研究对象,筛选后符合相关标准的共计108例,组织患者集中抽签,分别设置红色球54颗,黄色球54颗,抽到红色球的患者进入研究组,抽到黄色球的患者进入对照组,由此每组可均分54例。对照组患者接受常规药学服务模式下的药物指导,研究组患者则基于SIMPLE药物服务模式进行药物指导,对两种模式取得的临床效果展开对比。结果 干预进行至第3个月与第6个月时,所有患者在吸入装置使用方面的评分较前有所改善,但研究组患者的评分更高(P<0.05);干预进行至第3个月与第6个月时,所有患者的肺功能指标逐渐好转,对比研究组与对照组数据,发现研究组更具优势(P<0.05);干预结束时,研究组患者在安全用药方面的评价明显高于对照组,各维度评分均表现出显著差异(P<0.05);干预期间,研究组患者更少出现不良反应,组间数据对比:研究组(3.70%)vs对照组(20.37%)有明显优势(P<0.05)。结论 基于SIMPLE药学服务模式的药学指导能够规范呼吸内科慢性病患者的用药行为,提升其吸入装置使用能力,改善患者的临床症状,有较高的临床应用价值。

A Class of Simple Modules for Electrical Lie Algebra of Type D_(5)

The simple modules for electrical Lie algebra of type D5 were investigated.The sufficient and necessary criteria of the simple Z-graded highest weight modules were established by means of determining the singular vectors of the Verma modules.The simple highest weight module is isomorphic to either that for the symplectic Lie algebra sp4 or Verma module.

SIMPLE药学服务模式在支气管哮喘、COPD患者慢病管理中的实践及效果研究

目的:将SIMPLE药学服务模式应用于支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的慢病管理,并评价其效果。方法:以随机抽样法选取2016年9月-2017年6月在苏州大学附属第一医院呼吸科就诊的支气管哮喘、COPD患者200例,采用简单随机法分成对照组(100例)和干预组(100例)。对照组患者予以常规治疗;干预组患者在对照组治疗基础上戒烟、有效使用吸入剂、监控检测指标、正确选择药物、采用科学的生活方式并接受用药宣教。比较两组患者入组时和入组3、6个月后的装置使用评分、肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气量占预计值的百分比(FEV1%)、第1秒用力呼气占用力肺活量的百分比(FEV1/FVC)]、急性发作/加重患者数、临床有效控制率以及不良反应发生率、装置使用依从性[Morisky用药依从性量表(MMAS-8)评分]。结果:与入组时比较,入组3、6个月后干预组装置使用评分、临床有效控制率、MMAS-8评分显著升高,急性发作/加重≥2次的患者显著减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,入组3、6个月后干预组患者装置使用评分、临床有效控制率、MMAS-8评分、FEV1%显著升高,急性发作/加重≥2次的患者显著减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用SIMPLE药学服务模式对支气管哮喘、COPD患者进行慢病管理可提高患者用药依从性和临床疗效,减少不良反应。

基于SIMPLE算法的湍流场数值模拟

k-ε模型及其双方程模式成功应用于湍流场的流动分析,并使湍流流动的质量、动量、能量基本方程组可以统一表达。SIMPLE算法是流体流场数值模拟的最重要方法。通过VC和MATLAB的混合编程用SIMPLE算法,实现了湍流场的数值模拟。基于SIMPLE算法对一个热流交汇扩散的问题做了数值求解,展示了内部湍流场的分布情况。

非正交同位网格中的SIMPLE算法

利用有限体积法建立了非正交同位网格系统中的压力校正方程,详细给出了压力校正方程的离散形式,并对正方腔及倾斜角为45°的斜方腔内流场进行了数值模拟计算.结果表明,非正交同位网格系统中的SIMPLE算法具有编程简单,计算量、存储量小,计算效率高,收敛速度快的优点,可用于几何形状比较复杂流场的计算.

一种应用于可燃气云爆燃计算的改进SIMPLE算法

基于SIMPLE算法的压力校正思想,提出了一种新的改进算法.设计了先对温度进行假设,再对其迭代求解的计算流程,并从理想气体状态方程出发,推导出了密度校正方程.对半球形可燃气云爆燃进行了计算,得到了收敛性能良好的计算结果.该改进算法可以应用于可燃气云爆燃的计算中.

GAMMA格式及DATE方法在SIMPLE算法中的应用

为了提高N-S方程数值计算的精度并解决压力-速度的耦合问题,将GAMMA格式、DATE方法与SIMPLE算法相结合,得到了一种高精度非结构同位网格下的SIMPLE算法.该算法用GAMMA格式离散对流项,用DATE方法处理方程求解过程中压力-速度的耦合问题,可以弥补传统动量插值法不能处理强非线性压力场的不足,保证对流项离散的稳定性及高精度特性.

水环境数值模拟—SIMPLE算法研究与进展

在查阅了众多国内外有关水环境数值模拟文献的基础上,重点考察应用SIMPLE类算法进行数值模拟并同时提出改进的研究。从算法的收敛速度;校正方程;所采用的网格形式三个方面对SIMPLE算法以及在该算法的基础上经改进得到的SIMPLER、SIM-PLEC、SIMPLEX等SIMPLE类算法的研究状况进行了论述。最后,在以上论述的基础上,对SIMPLE类算法的发展趋势进行了分析预测。