The performance parameters of vapor compression refrigeration units that used the refrigerant R-404A were studied by developing a computer simulation algorithm. The various performance parameters investigated per one ...The performance parameters of vapor compression refrigeration units that used the refrigerant R-404A were studied by developing a computer simulation algorithm. The various performance parameters investigated per one kilowatt of refrigeration capacity, such as the mass flow rate, the compressor power consumption, the condenser heat rejection rate, the compressor exit temperature and the coefficient of performance. Two refrigeration cycles were tested under various evaporating and condensing temperatures: the standard cycle and the ideal cycle with superheating and sub-cooling. The results of the present work reveal that the compressor power variation over the evaporating temperature range from –10℃ to 15℃at Tc = 40℃ is decreased by 38.8% for standard cycle and by 43.8% for ideal cycle. The compressor power variation over the condensing temperature range from 30℃ to 50℃ at Te = 10℃ is increased by 122% for standard cycle and by 54.5% for ideal cycle. On the other hand, the COP for the ideal cycle with 5℃ superheating and sub-cooling is approximately 25% higher than that of the standard cycle at Te = 10℃ and Tc = 40℃ for the refrigerant R-404A.展开更多
A modified piano key weir with a rounded nose and a parapet wall (MPKW) can improve the discharge capacity significantly compared to a standard piano key weir. However, the optimum of the inlet/outlet width ratio (Wi/...A modified piano key weir with a rounded nose and a parapet wall (MPKW) can improve the discharge capacity significantly compared to a standard piano key weir. However, the optimum of the inlet/outlet width ratio (Wi/Wo) on the discharge efficiency of MPKW is still not investigated numerically. The present work utilized the numerical modeling to investigate and analyze the effects of the inlet/outlet key width ratios on the hydraulic characteristics and discharge capacity of the MPKW. To validate the numerical model with the experimental data, the results indicate that the average relative error is 2.96%, which confirms that the numerical model is fairly well to predictthe specifications of flow over on the MPKW. Numerical simulation results indicated that the discharge capacity of the MPKW can be improved up to 8.5% by optimizing the Wi/Wo ratio ranging from 1.53 to 1.67 even if the other parameters of the MPKW keep unchanged. A big Wi/Wo ratio generally leads to an increase in discharge capacity at low heads and a little effect on the discharge efficiency at high heads. The discharge efficiency of the inlet and outlet crests increases up to 9.6% for high heads, while discharge efficiency of the lateral crest decreases up to 23.5% compared with the reference model. The findings of the study revealed that the intrinsic influencing mechanism of the Wi/Wo ratio on the discharge performance of MPKWs.展开更多
PTO(power take-off)系统是波浪能发电装置(wave energy converter,WEC)的重要组成部分。本文针对摇臂式波浪能发电装置,提出一种机械式PTO系统,考虑发电机负载与机械传动的影响,开展摇臂浮子水动力性能与PTO系统的联合仿真研究。分析...PTO(power take-off)系统是波浪能发电装置(wave energy converter,WEC)的重要组成部分。本文针对摇臂式波浪能发电装置,提出一种机械式PTO系统,考虑发电机负载与机械传动的影响,开展摇臂浮子水动力性能与PTO系统的联合仿真研究。分析摇臂浮子在不同行程工作模式下的运动响应,并对联合仿真模型的PTO系统参数进行优化。研究发现:在目标海况下,本项目设计的发电装置,双行程工作的WEC系统功率显著高于单行程工作状态,双行程WEC最佳功率对应的传动比约为72.5;单行程工作的摇臂浮子在低传动比(小于60)下的上升、下降功率近乎相等,随着传动比的增加,上升、下降行程的功率相较于双行程模式都分别递增,且下降行程功率大于上升行程功率。本文采用的联合仿真方法可为不同海况与各类振荡浮子式波能发电装置的设计与选型提供参考。展开更多
文摘The performance parameters of vapor compression refrigeration units that used the refrigerant R-404A were studied by developing a computer simulation algorithm. The various performance parameters investigated per one kilowatt of refrigeration capacity, such as the mass flow rate, the compressor power consumption, the condenser heat rejection rate, the compressor exit temperature and the coefficient of performance. Two refrigeration cycles were tested under various evaporating and condensing temperatures: the standard cycle and the ideal cycle with superheating and sub-cooling. The results of the present work reveal that the compressor power variation over the evaporating temperature range from –10℃ to 15℃at Tc = 40℃ is decreased by 38.8% for standard cycle and by 43.8% for ideal cycle. The compressor power variation over the condensing temperature range from 30℃ to 50℃ at Te = 10℃ is increased by 122% for standard cycle and by 54.5% for ideal cycle. On the other hand, the COP for the ideal cycle with 5℃ superheating and sub-cooling is approximately 25% higher than that of the standard cycle at Te = 10℃ and Tc = 40℃ for the refrigerant R-404A.
文摘A modified piano key weir with a rounded nose and a parapet wall (MPKW) can improve the discharge capacity significantly compared to a standard piano key weir. However, the optimum of the inlet/outlet width ratio (Wi/Wo) on the discharge efficiency of MPKW is still not investigated numerically. The present work utilized the numerical modeling to investigate and analyze the effects of the inlet/outlet key width ratios on the hydraulic characteristics and discharge capacity of the MPKW. To validate the numerical model with the experimental data, the results indicate that the average relative error is 2.96%, which confirms that the numerical model is fairly well to predictthe specifications of flow over on the MPKW. Numerical simulation results indicated that the discharge capacity of the MPKW can be improved up to 8.5% by optimizing the Wi/Wo ratio ranging from 1.53 to 1.67 even if the other parameters of the MPKW keep unchanged. A big Wi/Wo ratio generally leads to an increase in discharge capacity at low heads and a little effect on the discharge efficiency at high heads. The discharge efficiency of the inlet and outlet crests increases up to 9.6% for high heads, while discharge efficiency of the lateral crest decreases up to 23.5% compared with the reference model. The findings of the study revealed that the intrinsic influencing mechanism of the Wi/Wo ratio on the discharge performance of MPKWs.
文摘PTO(power take-off)系统是波浪能发电装置(wave energy converter,WEC)的重要组成部分。本文针对摇臂式波浪能发电装置,提出一种机械式PTO系统,考虑发电机负载与机械传动的影响,开展摇臂浮子水动力性能与PTO系统的联合仿真研究。分析摇臂浮子在不同行程工作模式下的运动响应,并对联合仿真模型的PTO系统参数进行优化。研究发现:在目标海况下,本项目设计的发电装置,双行程工作的WEC系统功率显著高于单行程工作状态,双行程WEC最佳功率对应的传动比约为72.5;单行程工作的摇臂浮子在低传动比(小于60)下的上升、下降功率近乎相等,随着传动比的增加,上升、下降行程的功率相较于双行程模式都分别递增,且下降行程功率大于上升行程功率。本文采用的联合仿真方法可为不同海况与各类振荡浮子式波能发电装置的设计与选型提供参考。
