Embedded Programmable Single Point Multiple Output Intelligent Data Acquisition and Transmission System

To effectively solve the problems of inconsistent communication protocols in automatic monitoring equipment,and limited data acquisition transmission and monitoring equipment,this paper developed programmable single point multiple output intelligent data acquisition and transmission system. It made an in-depth elaboration of the data acquisition and transmission system from hardware design,software architecture and principle,main functions and technical parameters. Finally,it came up with four innovation points:(i) intelligent(automatic)matching a variety of communication protocols for environmental monitoring equipment,(ii) realizing multi-protocol and multi-target parallel data transmission,(iii) realizing remote dynamic input of control instructions through wired or wireless network,and(iv) supporting configuration(process) simulation of field equipment DCS operating conditions.

Functional-type Single-input-rule-modules Connected Neural Fuzzy System for Wind Speed Prediction

Wind is one kind of clean and free renewable energy sources. Wind speed plays a pivotal role in the wind power output. However, due to the random and unstable nature of the wind, accurate prediction of wind speed is a particularly challenging task. This paper presents a novel neural fuzzy method for the hourly wind speed prediction. Firstly, a neural structure is proposed for the functional-type single-input-rule-modules(FSIRMs) connected fuzzy inference system(FIS) to combine the merits of both the FSIRMs connected FIS and the neural network. Then, in order to achieve both the smallest training errors and the smallest parameters, a least square method based parameter learning algorithm is presented for the proposed FSIRMs connected neural fuzzy system(FSIRMNFS). Further,the proposed FSIRMNFS and its parameter learning algorithm are applied to the hourly wind speed prediction. Experiments and comparisons are also made to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach. Experimental results verified that our study has presented an effective approach for the hourly wind speed prediction. The proposed approach can also be used for the prediction of wind direction, wind power and some other prediction applications in the research field of renewable energy.

Active suspension control of a one-wheel car model using single input rule modules fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer

This paper presents the construction of an active suspension control of a one-wheel car model using fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer. The one-wheel car model to be treated here can be approximately described as a nonlinear two degrees of freedom system subject to excitation from a road profile. The active control is designed as the fuzzy control inferred by using single input rule modules fuzzy reasoning, and the active control force is released by actuating a pneumatic actuator. The excitation from the road profile is estimated by using a disturbance observer, and the estimate is denoted as one of the variables in the pre- condition part of the fuzzy control rules. A compensator is inserted to counter the performance degradation due to the delay of the pneumatic actuator. The experimental result indicates that the proposed active suspension system improves much the vibration suppression of the car model.

Single output LD end-pumped passively mode-locked Nd:YVO_4 laser with semiconductor saturable absorber mirror

A quarter-wave plate and the thin film polarizer （TFP） are used for the LD end-pumped passively mode-locked Nd：YVO4 laser with semiconductor saturable absorber mirror （SESAM） to obtain a single beam output with a total power of 4.8 W. An optical-optical efficiency is achieved to be 24% for a stable CW mode-locking operation at 1064 nm, with a pulse repetition rate of 70 MHz and pulse width of 16 ps. The multipulse in the pulse sequence is eliminated for reaching a peak power as high as 4 kW.

SRResNet Performance Enhancement Using Patch Inputs and Partial Convolution-Based Padding

Due to highly underdetermined nature of Single Image Super-Resolution(SISR)problem,deep learning neural networks are required to be more deeper to solve the problem effectively.One of deep neural networks successful in the Super-Resolution(SR)problem is ResNet which can render the capability of deeper networks with the help of skip connections.However,zero padding(ZP)scheme in the network restricts benefits of skip connections in SRResNet and its performance as the ratio of the number of pure input data to that of zero padded data increases.In this paper.we consider the ResNet with Partial Convolution based Padding(PCP)instead of ZP to solve SR problem.Since training of deep neural networks using patch images is advantageous in many aspects such as the number of training image data and network complexities,patch image based SR performance is compared with single full image based one.The experimental results show that patch based SRResNet SR results are better than single full image based ones and the performance of deep SRResNet with PCP is better than the one with ZP.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SINGLE-BUFFERED ROUTERS

A Single-Buffered (SB) router is a router where only one stage of shared buffering is sand- wiched between two interconnects in comparison of a Combined Input and Output Queued (CIOQ) router where a central switch fabric is sandwiched between two stages of buffering. The notion of SB routers was firstly proposed by the High-Performance Networking Group (HPNG) of Stanford Uni- versity, along with two promising designs of SB routers: one of which was Parallel Shared Memory (PSM) router and the other was Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) router. Admittedly, the work of HPNG deserved full credit, but all results presented by them appeared to relay on a Centralized Memory Management Algorithm (CMMA) which was essentially impractical because of the high processing and communication complexity. This paper attempts to make a scalable high-speed SB router completely practical by introducing a fully distributed architecture for managing the shared memory of SB routers. The resulting SB router is called as a Virtual Output and Input Queued (VOIQ) router. Furthermore, the scheme of VOIQ routers can not only eliminate the need for the CMMA scheduler, thus allowing a fully distributed implementation with low processing and commu- nication complexity, but also provide QoS guarantees and efficiently support variable-length packets in this paper. In particular, the results of performance testing and the hardware implementation of our VOIQ-based router (NDSC? SR1880-T? series) are illustrated at the end of this paper. The pro- posal of this paper is the first distributed scheme of how to design and implement SB routers publi- cized till now.

Web Tension Regulation of Multispan Roll-to-Roll System using Integrated Active Dancer and Load Cells for Printed Electronics Applications

The mass production of primed electronics can be achieved by roll-to-roll（R2R） printing system, so highly accurate web tension is required that can minimize the register error and keep the thickness and roughness of printed devices in limits. The web tension of a R2R system is regulated by the use of integrated load cells and active dancer system for printed electronics applications using decentralized multi-input-single-output（MISO） regularized variable learning rate backpropagation artificial neural networks. The active dancer system is used before printing system to reduce disturbances in the web tension of process span. The classical PID control result in tension spikes with the change in roll diameter of winder and unwinder rolls. The presence of dancer in R2R system shows that improved web tension control in printing span and the web tension can be enhanced from 3.75 N to 4.75 N. The overshoot of system is less than ±2.5 N and steady state error is within ± 1 N where load cells have a signal noise of ±0.7 N. The integration of load cells and active dancer with self-adapting neural network control provide a solution to the web tension control of multispan roll-to-roll system.

Non-fragile Dynamic Output Feedback H∞Control for a Class of Un­certain Switched Systems with Time-varying Delay

The problem of non-fragile dynamic output feedback H∞control for a class of uncertain switched systems with time-varying delay is discussed.Firstly,the form of non-fragile dynamic output feedback H∞controller is given.Under the condition that the upper bound of time delay and the upper bound of delay derivative are limited simultaneously,Lyapunov functional and its corresponding switching rules are constructed by using single Lyapunov function method and convex combination technique;Secondly,we use the inequality lemma to scale the derived Lyapunov functional in order to eliminate the time-varying delay term in the in­equality,and then introduce the J-function to obtain a nonlinear matrix in­equality that satisfies the H∞performance indexγ,we also employ Schur complement lemma to transform the nonlinear matrix inequality into set of linear matrix inequalities consisting of two linear matrix inequalities,a sufficient condition for the existence of a non-fragile dynamic output feedback H∞controller and satisfying the H∞performance indexγis concluded for a class of uncertain switching systems with variable time delay;Finally,a switched system composed of two subsystems is consid­ered and the effectiveness and practicability of the theorem are illustrated by numerical simulation with LMI toolbox.

A Sensitivity Study of Single Column Model

A single column model (SCM) is constructed by extracting the physical subroutines from the NCAR Community Climate Model version 1 (CCM1).Simulated data are generated by CCM1 and used to validate the SCM and to study the sensitivity of the SCM to errors in its input data.It is found that the SCM temperature predictions are moderately sensitive to errors in the input horizontal temperature flux convergence and moisture flux convergence.Two types of error are concerned in this study,random errors due to insufficient data resolution,and errors due to insufficient data area coverage.While the first type of error can be reduced by filtering and/or increasing the data resolution,it is shown that the second type of error can be reduced by enlarging the data area coverage and using a suitable method to compute the input flux convergence terms.

Thermal simulation of single thermal cycle for high strength steel pipe

Single thermal cycle simulation tests were carried out for X80 high strength steel pipes from three steel mills by a Gleeble 3500HS thermal simulation test machine,and coincidence degree of the thermal simulation curve with the set curve under heat inputs of 6–30 kJ/cm was observed;The relationship between different heat inputs and microstructure,impact toughness and hardness of steel pipe CGHAZ(coarse grain heat affected zone)was studied by metallographic examination,impact test and hardness test.The results show that with the increase of heat input,original austenite grain size increases gradually,the lath bainite ratio decreases and the granular bainite ratio increases.The impact toughness of C steel pipe is lower than those of A and B steel pipe,and the impact toughness of CGHAZ from the three steel pipes show different trends:for A steel pipe CGHAZ,impact toughness increases first and then decreases,with the highest value of 270–320 J under 20–25 kJ/cm;for B steel pipe CGHAZ,impact toughness decreases slightly;for C steel pipe CGHAZ,impact toughness increases,with the highest value of 260–300 J under 25 kJ/cm.As the heat input increases,the hardness of three X80 steel pipes CGHAZ shows a decreasing trhighend,and C steel pipe has the largest decreasing range.

Entanglement Purification Through Cavity Input-Output Process

We propose a scheme to purify entanglement of two atoms from not-too-impure entangled states by checking the parity of the two atoms through the cavity input-output process.As the parity check is made by measurement on single-photon polarization,which would not affect the entanglement of the two atoms,our scheme has the successful probability double of that in a previous well-known scheme with linear optical elements [Nature (London)410 (2001) 1067],and is insensitive to the photon loss and the detection inefficiency.Experimental feasibility of our scheme with current technology is discussed.

Blind Joint Maximum Likelihood Channel Estimation and Data Detection for SIMO Systems

A blind adaptive scheme is proposed for joint maximum likelihood （ML） channel estimation and data detection of singleinput multiple-output （SIMO） systems. The joint ML optimisation over channel and data is decomposed into an iterative optimisation loop. An efficient global optimisation algorithm called the repeated weighted boosting search is employed at the upper level to optimally identify the unknown SIMO channel model, and the Viterbi algorithm is used at the lower level to produce the maximum likelihood sequence estimation of the unknown data sequence. A simulation example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this joint ML optimisation scheme for blind adaptive SIMO systems.

The Nexus between Nigerian Government Spending and Domestic Output in the Presence of Long-Term Crude Oil Price Shock: A Conditional Unrestricted Equilibrium Correction Model Approach

This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.

密度峰值聚类在塔机损伤诊断中的应用研究

建立塔机有限元模型,获取塔机完好状态和各损伤工况的各采集点的动态位移。提出了两种模型建立方法,基于悬臂梁的双输入单输出模型和基于时域数据的动态双输入单输出模型,对基于时域数据的双输入单输出模型首先利用最小二乘法计算参数初值,进一步利用粒子群优化方法进行参数优化,提高了模型精度。以完好工况的塔机数据为基础,建立基于悬臂梁的双输入单输出模型和基于时域数据的双输入单输出模型,计算参数,建立损伤识别模型,用待检状态的位移数值拟合模型,用两种模型计算出的残差方差做损伤因子,利用密度峰值聚类方法对损伤因子进行分析,实现了对塔机的损伤判定和损伤位置的确定。这种基于密度峰值聚类的诊断方法可对塔机微小损伤进行智能诊断和位置确定,该方法只需要塔机完好状态的数据和待检状态的数据即可自动诊断,解决了塔机损伤识别中损伤数据难以获取,因而无法实现智能训练和诊断的问题。

非最小相位的单电感双输出Buck-Boost变换器的复合控制方法

单电感双输出Buck-Boost (SIDO Buck-Boost)变换器在电感电流连续模式(CCM)下工作存在交叉影响以及非最小相位特性的问题.为了解决上述问题,提出基于储能函数的扩张状态观测器(ESO)的改进非奇异快速终端滑模(NFTSM)和自抗扰控制(ADRC)相结合的控制策略.设计主路控制器,对系统的传递函数进行拟合得到ADRC范式,利用该范式对主路进行解耦控制.设计支路控制器,采用改进型ESO对储能函数进行观测,并将观测值反馈补偿到非奇异快速终端滑模控制律中,达到支路解耦的效果.为了抑制滑模控制的抖振问题,对趋近律进行改进.利用Lyapunov理论证明系统稳定性.基于硬件在环(HIL)实验平台进行实验验证.结果表明,所提控制策略与PI控制策略以及基于ESO的滑模控制策略相比,在超调量和响应时间上具有较好的效果.

Ergodic secrecy capacity of MRC/SC in single-input multiple-output wiretap systems with imperfect channel state information

在物理层中,本文研究了存在信道估计误差的最大比合并/选择合并的保密容量性能。在一个单输入多输出窃密信道中,信源向一个装备M根接收天线并采用最大比合并/选择合并技术处理多径信号的信宿发送保密信息。与此同时,一个窃密者装备N根接收天线并采用最大比合并/选择合并技术来提高窃密的成功率。我们分别推导了两种情况下遍历保密容量的精确和近似闭式表达式:(1)最大比合并带有信道估计误差;(2)选择合并带有信道延迟。此外,本文得到了高信噪比斜率和高信噪比功率补偿两个重要的参数,它们在高信噪比条件下决定了遍历保密容量。最后,本文通过仿真分析验证了所得到的闭式表达式的准确性。

考虑工作点时变特性的并网变流器全工作区间稳定性分析

现有工程运行数据显示,并网变流器(grid-connected converter,GCC)的动态特性与工作点密切相关。受新能源出力波动、负载投切等外部因素的影响,变流器工作点呈现随机时变特性。因此,分析整个工作区间中所有工作点的系统稳定性具有重要意义。传统阻抗/导纳分析方法可以有效分析GCC运行于特定工作点时的稳定性,但考虑系统所有可能工作点时则需重复分析,工作量大且难度较高。为解决这一难题,提出一种考虑工作点变量的多元建模方法。将工作点变量引入导纳模型,通过控制环路重构,建立GCC的多变量单输入单输出(single input single output,SISO)模型。所提模型直接包含工作点变量,因此可以有效分析变流器全工作区间动态特性。此外,综合考虑变流器最大传输限制和动态特性,提出一种基于安全运行域的稳定性分析方法,以实现多维工作区间中系统稳定性的直观表征。仿真和实验验证了所提多变量SISO模型和基于安全运行域的分析方法的正确性。所提模型和方法在分析电力电子装置运行极限、指导变流器设计和辅助功率器件发挥极限性能等工程场景中具有广泛应用潜力。

基于分裂-叠加结构的部分功率主动调控型准单级直流变换方法

针对“直流变压器级联PWM变换器”两级式架构中各级变换器均需处理全部负载功率、多级变换效率低的问题,提出了基于分裂-叠加架构的部分功率主动调控型准单级直流变换方法。通过将直流变压器输出分裂为两个端口,使得其中一个端口的功率无需经后级PWM变换器处理而直接传输至负载,等效实现了准单级功率变换,且有效降低了PWM变换器的功率容量和损耗,提高了系统效率。详细分析了分裂-叠加式架构的原理和电路实现方法,深入研究了系统输出电压调节的原理和特性。以其中一个电路为例,详细分析了工作原理、电压调节特性和关键参数设计方法,并通过实验结果验证了所提方案的有效性和正确性。

考虑右半平面极点的三相并网变换器小干扰稳定性分析

电力电子设备渗透率的不断提高使得电力系统转动惯量和阻尼水平下降,对新型电力系统安全稳定运行带来不可忽略的影响。目前并网变换器系统判稳方法常采用奈奎斯特判据和广义奈奎斯特判据,但这两种判据均适用于阻抗比中不含右半平面(right half plane, RHP)极点的场景。针对上述问题,基于考虑正负序耦合和源荷之间耦合的等效单输入单输出(single-input single-output, SISO)系统阻抗模型,提出了考虑RHP极点的三相变换器并网系统判稳方法。首先,对研究系统的RHP极点个数及奈奎斯特曲线包围点(-1, j0)的次数进行估算。然后,在奈奎斯特判据的基础上,利用SISO系统阻抗伯德图进行分析,在系统存在RHP极点的情况下对系统的稳定性进行判断。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink中搭建电磁暂态仿真模型,验证了在有无RHP极点的不同场景下,所提判稳方法均能对三相变换器并网系统的小干扰稳定性进行有效分析。