[Objective]The content of total antimony(Sb) in fresh fruit was investigated and its pollution was evaluated,to provide the basic data for diet exposure evaluation.[Method]The content of total Sb in 194 samples was de...[Objective]The content of total antimony(Sb) in fresh fruit was investigated and its pollution was evaluated,to provide the basic data for diet exposure evaluation.[Method]The content of total Sb in 194 samples was detected by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(HG-AFS),and the Sb pollution in several fruits was evaluated by the method of single factor pollution index. [Result]The mean of total Sb was 0.005 6 mg / kg,and the median was 0.003 8mg / kg. The minimum value was not detected while the maximum value was 0.21 mg / kg,and the confidence interval was ND-0.019 mg / kg(P5-P95). The medians of total Sb content in different fruits successively were dragon fruit(0.011 0 mg / kg) > kiwi fruit(0.008 0 mg / kg) > peach(0.006 0 mg / kg). According to the method of single factor pollution index,the index from all samples was less than 0.2,suggesting that the samples involved were under the normal background value.[Conclusion]The Sb was detected in all samples but under the background value,and it was concluded that there was no Sb pollution in fresh fruit in Hunan Province.展开更多
River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be over...River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be overemphasized, the geochemistry of its stream sediments is less investigated. Twenty (20) stream sediment samples were taken at the centre of the river channels to represent the entire drainage area well and avoid collapsed bank materials. The stream sediment samples were used to determine the dispersion, contamination status and sources of heavy metal concentrations. Total elemental digestion accompanied this with the use of aqua regia, an admixture of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) in the ratio of 3:1 using the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The heavy metal concentration levels in River Iyiudene were low compared with sediments from Imo River, Gulf of California, Upper continental crust, Average shale and surface horizons, excluding Cd, which showed high concentration levels than the other reference studies. The results delineated a wide contrast in the concentration levels of the heavy metals, with the mean contents in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni > As. The pollution evaluation utilizing the Effect range low (ERL), Effect range median (ERM), single pollution index, and geo-accumulation index revealed Cd contamination. This study indicates that the heavy metals were sourced from the natural geological background of the river basin and possibly from agricultural runoff and atmospheric pollutants.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Medicine and Health Care in Hunan Province(B2014-162)Scientific Research Project of Xiangtan Science and Technology Bureau(SF20141003)
文摘[Objective]The content of total antimony(Sb) in fresh fruit was investigated and its pollution was evaluated,to provide the basic data for diet exposure evaluation.[Method]The content of total Sb in 194 samples was detected by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(HG-AFS),and the Sb pollution in several fruits was evaluated by the method of single factor pollution index. [Result]The mean of total Sb was 0.005 6 mg / kg,and the median was 0.003 8mg / kg. The minimum value was not detected while the maximum value was 0.21 mg / kg,and the confidence interval was ND-0.019 mg / kg(P5-P95). The medians of total Sb content in different fruits successively were dragon fruit(0.011 0 mg / kg) > kiwi fruit(0.008 0 mg / kg) > peach(0.006 0 mg / kg). According to the method of single factor pollution index,the index from all samples was less than 0.2,suggesting that the samples involved were under the normal background value.[Conclusion]The Sb was detected in all samples but under the background value,and it was concluded that there was no Sb pollution in fresh fruit in Hunan Province.
文摘River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be overemphasized, the geochemistry of its stream sediments is less investigated. Twenty (20) stream sediment samples were taken at the centre of the river channels to represent the entire drainage area well and avoid collapsed bank materials. The stream sediment samples were used to determine the dispersion, contamination status and sources of heavy metal concentrations. Total elemental digestion accompanied this with the use of aqua regia, an admixture of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) in the ratio of 3:1 using the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The heavy metal concentration levels in River Iyiudene were low compared with sediments from Imo River, Gulf of California, Upper continental crust, Average shale and surface horizons, excluding Cd, which showed high concentration levels than the other reference studies. The results delineated a wide contrast in the concentration levels of the heavy metals, with the mean contents in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni > As. The pollution evaluation utilizing the Effect range low (ERL), Effect range median (ERM), single pollution index, and geo-accumulation index revealed Cd contamination. This study indicates that the heavy metals were sourced from the natural geological background of the river basin and possibly from agricultural runoff and atmospheric pollutants.
