Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of goat ovarian aging

Background The ovaries are one of the first organs that undergo degenerative changes earlier in the aging process,and ovarian aging is shown by a decrease in the number and quality of oocytes.However,little is known about the molecular mechanisms of female age-related fertility decline in different types of ovarian cells during aging,especially in goats.Therefore,the aim of this study was to reveal the mechanisms driving ovarian aging in goats at single-cell resolution.Results For the first time,we surveyed the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of over 27,000 ovarian cells from newborn,young and aging goats,and identified nine ovarian cell types with distinct gene-expression signatures.Functional enrichment analysis showed that ovarian cell types were involved in their own unique biological processes,such as Wnt beta-catenin signalling was enriched in germ cells,whereas ovarian steroidogenesis was enriched in granulosa cells(GCs).Further analysis showed that ovarian aging was linked to GCs-specific changes in the antioxidant system,oxidative phosphorylation,and apoptosis.Subsequently,we identified a series of dynamic genes,such as AMH,CRABP2,THBS1 and TIMP1,which determined the fate of GCs.Additionally,FOXO1,SOX4,and HIF1A were identified as significant regulons that instructed the differentiation of GCs in a distinct manner during ovarian aging.Conclusions This study revealed a comprehensive aging-associated transcriptomic atlas characterizing the cell typespecific mechanisms during ovarian aging at the single-cell level and offers new diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for age-related goat ovarian diseases.

Identification and validation of a pyroptosis-related prognostic model for colorectal cancer based on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data

BACKGROUND Pyroptosis impacts the development of malignant tumors,yet its role in colorectal cancer(CRC)prognosis remains uncertain.AIM To assess the prognostic significance of pyroptosis-related genes and their association with CRC immune infiltration.METHODS Gene expression data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and single-cell RNA sequencing dataset GSE178341 from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO).Pyroptosis-related gene expression in cell clusters was analyzed,and enrichment analysis was conducted.A pyroptosis-related risk model was developed using the LASSO regression algorithm,with prediction accuracy assessed through K-M and receiver operating characteristic analyses.A nomo-gram predicting survival was created,and the correlation between the risk model and immune infiltration was analyzed using CIBERSORTx calculations.Finally,the differential expression of the 8 prognostic genes between CRC and normal samples was verified by analyzing TCGA-COADREAD data from the UCSC database.RESULTS An effective pyroptosis-related risk model was constructed using 8 genes-CHMP2B,SDHB,BST2,UBE2D2,GJA1,AIM2,PDCD6IP,and SEZ6L2(P<0.05).Seven of these genes exhibited differential expression between CRC and normal samples based on TCGA database analysis(P<0.05).Patients with higher risk scores demonstrated increased death risk and reduced overall survival(P<0.05).Significant differences in immune infiltration were observed between low-and high-risk groups,correlating with pyroptosis-related gene expression.CONCLUSION We developed a pyroptosis-related prognostic model for CRC,affirming its correlation with immune infiltration.This model may prove useful for CRC prognostic evaluation.

The early life immune dynamics and cellular drivers at single-cell resolution in lamb forestomachs and abomasum

Background Four-chambered stomach including the forestomachs(rumen,reticulum,and omasum)and abomasum allows ruminants convert plant fiber into high-quality animal products.The early development of this four-chambered stomach is crucial for the health and well-being of young ruminants,especially the immune development.However,the dynamics of immune development are poorly understood.Results We investigated the early gene expression patterns across the four-chambered stomach in Hu sheep,at 5,10,15,and 25 days of age.We found that forestomachs share similar gene expression patterns,all four stomachs underwent widespread activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses from d 5 to 25,whereas the metabolic function were significantly downregulated with age.We constructed a cell landscape of the four-chambered stomach using single-cell sequencing.Integrating transcriptomic and single-cell transcriptomic analyses revealed that the immune-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in T cells,monocytes and macrophages,as well as the defense-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in endothelial cells in the four-stomach tissues.Moreover,the non-immune cells such as epithelial cells play key roles in immune maturation.Cell communication analysis predicted that in addition to immune cells,non-immune cells recruit immune cells through macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling in the forestomachs.Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the immune and defense responses of four stomachs are quickly developing with age in lamb's early life.We also identified the gene expression patterns and functional cells associated with immune development.Additionally,we identified some key receptors and signaling involved in immune regulation.These results help to understand the early life immune development at single-cell resolution,which has implications to develop nutritional manipulation and health management strategies based on specific targets including key receptors and signaling pathways.

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals the mechanism regulating rice plumule development

Seed plumules comprise multiple developing tissues and are key sites for above-ground plant organ morphogenesis.Here,the spatial expression of genes in developing rice seed plumules was characterized by single-cell transcriptome sequencing in Zhongjiazao 17,a popular Chinese indica rice cultivar.Of 15 cell clusters,13 were assigned to cell types using marker genes and cluster-specific genes.Marker genes of multiple cell types were expressed in several clusters,suggesting a complex developmental system.Some genes for signaling by phytohormones such as abscisic acid were highly expressed in specific clusters.Various cis-elements in the promoters of genes specifically expressed in cell clusters were calculated,and some key hormone-related motifs were frequent in certain clusters.Spatial expression patterns of genes involved in rapid seed germination,seedling growth,and development were identified.These findings enhanced our understanding of cellular diversity and specialization within plumules of rice,a monocotyledonous model crop.

三疣梭子蟹附肢再生过程中qRT-PCR内参基因的筛选与Wnt7b表达研究应用

为筛选三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)附肢再生过程中的最适内参基因,以附肢再生不同阶段的三疣梭子蟹为研究对象,利用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)对细胞骨架蛋白基因(β-actin)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶基因(GAPDH)、18S rRNA(18S)、转录延伸因子基因(EF1α)、核糖体蛋白L18基因(RPL18)、细胞色素C氧化酶基因(COX)和组蛋白基因(HIS)共7个候选内参基因在肌肉、眼柄、血淋巴、肝胰腺、鳃、心脏和再生附肢共7种组织中的表达水平进行检测,并利用△Ct、geNorm、NormFinder和BestKeeper程序对候选内参基因的稳定性进行评价,筛选出合适的内参,最后以最适内参基因作为参考,分析再生相关基因Wnt7b的表达水平。结果显示,在不同组织中综合稳定性最好的是RPL18,而在不同再生阶段的再生附肢中β-actin和RPL18基因做双内参基因更适合。以RPL18和β-actin作双内参基因研究Wnt7b的表达水平时发现,Wnt7b基因在三疣梭子蟹附肢再生过程中的表达呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势;Wnt7b基因在三疣梭子蟹各组织中均有表达,除再生附肢和血淋巴外其他组织中的表达量都较低。本研究结果为甲壳类再生发育相关研究内参基因的选择及分子调控机制研究提供了参考。

Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in spermatogenesis and molecular evolution

Spermatogenic cell heterogeneity is determined by the complex process of spermatogenesis differentiation.However,effectively revealing the regulatory mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenic cell development and differentiation via traditional methods is difficult.Advances in technology have led to the emergence of many single-cell transcriptome sequencing protocols,which have partially addressed these challenges.In this review,we detail the principles of 10x Genomics technology and summarize the methods for downstream analysis of single-cell transcriptome sequencing data.Furthermore,we explore the role of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in revealing the heterogeneity of testicular ecological niche cells,delineating the establishment and disruption of testicular immune homeostasis during human spermatogenesis,investigating abnormal spermatogenesis in humans,and,ultimately,elucidating the molecular evolution of mammalian spermatogenesis.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals T-cell heterogeneity and immunomodulatory role of CD4^(+) T native cells in Candida albicans infection

Objective:Candida albicans is a common fungal pathogen that triggers complex host defense mechanisms,including coordinated innate and adaptive immune responses,to neutralize invading fungi effectively.Exploring the immune microenvironment has the potential to inform the development of therapeutic strategies for fungal infections.Methods:The study analyzed individual immune cell profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Candida albicans-infected mice and healthy control mice using single-cell transcriptomics,fluorescence quantitative PCR,and Western blotting.We investigated intergroup differences in the dynamics of immune cell subpopulation infiltration,pathway enrichment,and differentiation during Candida albicans infection.Results:Our findings indicate that infiltration of CD4^(+)naive cells,regulatory T(Treg)cells,and Microtubules(MT)-associated cells increased after infection,along with impaired T cell activity.Notably,CD4^(+) T cells and plasma cells were enhanced after infection,suggesting that antibody production is dependent on T cells.In addition,we screened 6 hub genes,transcription factor forkhead box protein 3(Foxp3),cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4(CTLA4),Interleukin 2 Receptor Subunit Beta(Il2rb),Cd28,C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5(Ccl5),and Cd27 for alterations associated with CD4^(+) T cell differentiation.Conclusions:These results provide a comprehensive immunological landscape of the mechanisms of Candida albicans infection and greatly advance our understanding of adaptive immunity in fungal infections.

Single-cell profiling of the pig cecum at various developmental stages

The gastrointestinal tract is essential for food digestion,nutrient absorption,waste elimination,and microbial defense.Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the intestinal tract has greatly enriched our understanding of cellular diversity,functional heterogeneity,and their importance in intestinal tract development and disease.Although such profiling has been extensively conducted in humans and mice,the single-cell gene expression landscape of the pig cecum remains unexplored.Here,single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 45572 cells obtained from seven cecal samples in pigs at four different developmental stages(days(D)30,42,150,and 730).Analysis revealed 12 major cell types and 38 subtypes,as well as their distinctive genes,transcription factors,and regulons,many of which were conserved in humans.An increase in the relative proportions of CD8^(+)T and Granzyme A(low expression)natural killer T cells(GZMA^(low)NKT)cells and a decrease in the relative proportions of epithelial stem cells,Tregs,RHEX^(+)T cells,and plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs)were noted across the developmental stages.Moreover,the post-weaning period exhibited an up-regulation in mitochondrial genes,COX2 and ND2,as well as genes involved in immune activation in multiple cell types.Cell-cell crosstalk analysis indicated that IBP6^(+)fibroblasts were the main signal senders at D30,whereas IBP6^(−)fibroblasts assumed this role at the other stages.NKT cells established interactions with epithelial cells and IBP6^(+)fibroblasts in the D730 cecum through mediation of GZMA-F2RL1/F2RL2 pairs.This study provides valuable insights into cellular heterogeneity and function in the pig cecum at different development stages.

Insights gained from single-cell analysis of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy in cancer

Advances in chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell therapy have significantly improved clinical outcomes of patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies.However,progress is still hindered as clinical benefit is only available for a fraction of patients.A lack of understanding of CAR-T cell behaviors in vivo at the single-cell level impedes their more extensive application in clinical practice.Mounting evidence suggests that single-cell sequencing techniques can help perfect the receptor design,guide gene-based T cell modification,and optimize the CAR-T manufacturing conditions,and all of them are essential for long-term immunosurveillance and more favorable clinical outcomes.The information generated by employing these methods also potentially informs our understanding of the numerous complex factors that dictate therapeutic efficacy and toxicities.In this review,we discuss the reasons why CAR-T immunotherapy fails in clinical practice and what this field has learned since the milestone of single-cell sequencing technologies.We further outline recent advances in the application of single-cell analyses in CAR-T immunotherapy.Specifically,we provide an overview of single-cell studies focusing on target antigens,CAR-transgene integration,and preclinical research and clinical applications,and then discuss how it will affect the future of CAR-T cell therapy.

Food nutrition and toxicology targeting on specific organs in the era of single-cell sequencing

Due to the complex natures of dietary food components,it is difficult to elucidate how the compounds affect host health.Dietary food often selectively presents its mechanism of action on different cell types,and participates in the modulation of targeted cells and their microenvironments within organs.However,the limitations of traditional in vitro assays or in vivo animal experiments cannot comprehensively examine cellular heterogeneity and the tissue-biased influences.Single-cell RNA sequencing(sc RNA-seq)has emerged as an indispensable methodology to decompose tissues into different cell types for the demonstration of transcriptional profiles of individual cells.Sc RNA-seq applications has been summarized on three typical organs(brain,liver,kidney),and two representative immune-and tumor related health problems.The everincreasing role of sc RNA-seq in dietary food research with further improvement can provide sub-cellular information and the coupling between other cellular modalities.In this review,we propose utilizing sc RNAseq to more effectively capture the subtle and complex effects of food chemicals,and how they may lead to health problems at single-cell resolution.This novel technique will be valuable to elucidate the underlying mechanism of both the health benefits of food nutrients and the detrimental consequences food toxicants at the cellular level.

Single-cell sequencing technology in diabetic wound healing:New insights into the progenitors-based repair strategies

Diabetes mellitus(DM),an increasingly prevalent chronic metabolic disease,is characterised by prolonged hyperglycaemia,which leads to long-term health consequences.Although much effort has been put into understanding the pathogenesis of diabetic wounds,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)has revolutionised biological research by enabling the identification of novel cell types,the discovery of cellular markers,the analysis of gene expression patterns and the prediction of develop-mental trajectories.This powerful tool allows for an in-depth exploration of pathogenesis at the cellular and molecular levels.In this editorial,we focus on progenitor-based repair strategies for diabetic wound healing as revealed by scRNAseq and highlight the biological behaviour of various healing-related cells and the alteration of signalling pathways in the process of diabetic wound healing.ScRNAseq could not only deepen our understanding of the complex biology of diabetic wounds but also identify and validate new targets for inter-vention,offering hope for improved patient outcomes in the management of this challenging complication of DM.

A Single-Cell Landscape of Human Liver Transplantation Reveals a Pathogenic Immune Niche Associated with Early Allograft Dysfunction

Liver transplantation(LT)is the standard therapy for individuals afflicted with end-stage liver disease.Despite notable advancements in LT technology,the incidence of early allograft dysfunction(EAD)remains a critical concern,exacerbating the current organ shortage and detrimentally affecting the prognosis of recipients.Unfortunately,the perplexing hepatic heterogeneity has impeded characterization of the cellular traits and molecular events that contribute to EAD.Herein,we constructed a pioneering single-cell transcriptomic landscape of human transplanted livers derived from non-EAD and EAD patients,with 12 liver samples collected from 7 donors during the cold perfusion and portal reperfusion stages.Comparison of the 75231 cells of non-EAD and EAD patients revealed an EAD-associated immune niche comprising mucosal-associated invariant T cells,granzyme B^(+)(GZMB^(+))granzyme K^(+)(GZMK^(+))natural killer cells,and S100 calcium binding protein A12^(+)(S100A12^(+))neutrophils.Moreover,we verified this immune niche and its association with EAD occurrence in two independent cohorts.Our findings elucidate the cellular characteristics of transplanted livers and the EAD-associated pathogenic immune niche at the single-cell level,thus,offering valuable insights into EAD onset.

Action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by single-cell sequencing analysis

BACKGROUND The complexity of the immune microenvironment has an impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.In this study,multi-omics and single-cell sequencing techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in CRC.By revealing the heterogeneity and functional differences of B cells in cancer immunity,we aim to deepen our understanding of immune regulation and provide a scientific basis for the development of more effective cancer treatment strategies.AIM To explore the role of circulating and infiltrating B cell subsets in the immune microenvironment of CRC,explore the potential driving mechanism of B cell development,analyze the interaction between B cells and other immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the functions of communication molecules,and search for possible regulatory pathways to promote the anti-tumor effects of B cells.METHODS A total of 69 paracancer(normal),tumor and peripheral blood samples were collected from 23 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/).After the immune cells were sorted by multicolor flow cytometry,the single cell transcriptome and B cell receptor group library were sequenced using the 10X Genomics platform,and the data were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as Seurat.The differences in the number and function of B cell infiltration between tumor and normal tissue,the interaction between B cell subsets and T cells and myeloid cell subsets,and the transcription factor regulatory network of B cell subsets were explored and analyzed.RESULTS Compared with normal tissue,the infiltrating number of CD20+B cell subsets in tumor tissue increased significantly.Among them,germinal center B cells(GCB)played the most prominent role,with positive clone expansion and heavy chain mutation level increasing,and the trend of differentiation into memory B cells increased.However,the number of plasma cells in the tumor microenvironment decreased significantly,and the plasma cells secreting IgA antibodies decreased most obviously.In addition,compared with the immune microenvironment of normal tissues,GCB cells in tumor tissues became more closely connected with other immune cells such as T cells,and communication molecules that positively regulate immune function were significantly enriched.CONCLUSION The role of GCB in CRC tumor microenvironment is greatly enhanced,and its affinity to tumor antigen is enhanced by its significantly increased heavy chain mutation level.Meanwhile,GCB has enhanced its association with immune cells in the microenvironment,which plays a positive anti-tumor effect.

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure

High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain unknown.Rat models of acute hypertension ocular pressure were established by injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel(Healaflow■).Single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to describe the cellular composition and molecular profile of the retina following high intraocular pressure.Our results identified a total of 12 cell types,namely retinal pigment epithelial cells,rod-photoreceptor cells,bipolar cells,Müller cells,microglia,cone-photoreceptor cells,retinal ganglion cells,endothelial cells,retinal progenitor cells,oligodendrocytes,pericytes,and fibroblasts.The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure revealed obvious changes in the proportions of various retinal cells,with ganglion cells decreased by 23%.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining confirmed the damage to retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular pressure.We extracted data from retinal ganglion cells and analyzed the retinal ganglion cell cluster with the most distinct expression.We found upregulation of the B3gat2 gene,which is associated with neuronal migration and adhesion,and downregulation of the Tsc22d gene,which participates in inhibition of inflammation.This study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular pressure.These data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.

Progress and challenges of cerebrovascular endothelial cells research promoted by single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing has been a rapidly developing and powerful biological tool in recent years,and it plays a vital role in describing tissue development,cell heterogeneity,stress response,etc.Cerebrovascular disease is one of the leading causes affecting human health in the world.Thus,it is important to understand the characteristics of cerebrovascular structure,function,and environmental response.Notably,single-cell transcriptome sequencing provides deeper insights into cerebrovascular research in health and disease states.This article will briefly introduce the basic structure and function of cerebrovascular endothelial cells(ECs),summarize the current research and new findings on cerebrovascular ECs at the single-cell transcriptome level,and discuss the challenges in this field.

4种食源性致病菌多重PCR检测体系的建立及其在乳品检测中的应用

食源性致病菌是通过食物进入人体引起食物中毒和诱发疾病的有害微生物,严重威胁着人类健康和环境安全,为了预防和控制食源性疾病的发生,有效对策之一是对食品中的病原微生物进行安全检测。本研究采用一种多重聚合酶链式反应法(multiplex polymerase chain reaction,MPCR)快速检测乳品中4种食源性致病菌,结果表明,选取单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌prfA基因、蜡样芽胞杆菌gyrB基因、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌invA基因、大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7 stx2A基因的保守序列设计4对引物,在优化的PCR反应体系和退火温度58℃下,PCR扩增表现出良好的特异性,分别扩增出274、221、482、108 bp条带,无非特异性扩增,4种病原菌检出限达到10~100 CFU/mL;对17份人工染菌牛奶样品进行检测,检出结果与国标培养法完全一致。该研究结果为快速、高效、准确地检测出乳品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7提供了一种实用方法,也为其他食源性致病菌的快速检测提供了思路。

尼罗罗非鱼无乳链球菌微滴式数字PCR检测方法的建立及临床应用

通过设计筛选引物和探针、优化反应浓度和退火温度,构建一种尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)的微滴式数字PCR(dd PCR)检测方法,分析该方法的敏感性、特异性及重复性,并应用于临床样品检测。结果显示:当引物、探针浓度分别为0.9μmol·L^(-1)、0.3μmol·L^(-1)且退火温度为56.9℃时,建立的罗非鱼无乳链球菌dd PCR方法阴、阳性微滴分布界限明显,平均拷贝数高,有较高扩增反应效率;线性关系线良好(R^(2)=0.997 3),最低检测限为2.56 copies·μL^(-1);与猪链球菌2型、鱼类海豚链球菌和其他5种常见的水生动物疫病病原体无交叉反应;重复变异系数为3.15%;临床样品检测结果与实时荧光PCR方法结果的符合率100%,与细菌分离鉴定方法结果符合率为94.12%。结果表明,建立的罗非鱼无乳链球菌dd PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好,可对罗非鱼无乳链球菌感染的临床样品进行定量检测,为尼罗罗非鱼无乳链球菌的研究提供有益参考。

TaqMan多重实时定量PCR快速检测3种常见食源性病原菌

建立一种可同时快速检测大肠杆菌O157:H7、单增李斯特菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌的多重实时定量PCR(qPCR)方法。依据大肠杆菌O157:H7 tir基因、单增李斯特菌mpl基因和蜡样芽孢杆菌entFM基因的保守序列分别设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,建立多重qPCR反应体系,进行灵敏度、特异性和稳定性试验,同步检测人工染菌牛奶样品中的病原菌并与国家标准方法作对比。结果表明,建立的多重qPCR方法灵敏度高,最低检出限为12 CFU/mL;特异性强,只对3种目标菌进行PCR扩增;稳定性好,各重复性试验中Ct值的变异系数<1%;所有受污染样品阳性检出率均为100%,与国家标准方法检测结果一致,且检测周期缩短至6 h。本研究建立的TaqMan多重qPCR方法能同时快速、准确地检测乳品中的大肠杆菌O157:H7、单增李斯特菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌,为食品安全提供技术支撑。

五种烟草根茎病害病原菌多重PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为了快速准确鉴别烟草根腐病菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、黑胫病菌(Phytophthora nicotianae)、立枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、根黑腐病菌(Thielaviopsis basicola)和鸢尾丝囊霉菌(Aphanomyces iridis)等5种烟草根茎病害病原菌,利用RAPD分子标记等方法筛选和设计特异性扩增引物,优化多重PCR扩增体系中各引物添加量、退火温度、循环数等条件,建立多重PCR检测体系,并对其检测的可行性进行验证。本研究筛选并设计出F.oxysporum、P.nicotianae、R.solani、T.basicola和A.iridis的特异性引物对LD141 F/R、YM1002 F/R、LK111 F/R、GHFT F/R、AiT7 F/R,PCR反应体系中最佳引物组合浓度分别为1.0、1.0、0.2、0.5、0.5μmol/L,最适退火温度为54℃,最佳循环数为28,可同时扩增出大小分别为370、240、536、783、138 bp的特异性片段,能同时检出5种病原菌DNA的最低限值为0.5 ng/μL,可实现对烟草育苗基质和烟株中5种病原菌的快速检测,对烟草苗期根茎病害的早期预防具有重要意义。