Displacement Field Variable Modeling Method for Heterogeneous Materials in Wind Power Blade Core Plates

In order to study the mechanical properties of the heterogeneous core plate of the wind turbine blade,a modeling method of the core plate based on displacement field variables is proposed.Firstly,the wind turbine blade core plate was modeled according to the theory of modeling heterogeneous material characteristics.Secondly,the three-point bending finite element model of the wind turbine blade core plate was solved by the display dynamic equation to obtain the deformation pattern and force-deformation relationship of the core plate.Finally,the three-point bending static test was conducted to compare with the finite element analysis.The test results show that:the damage form of the wind turbine blade core plate includes elasticity,yield,and failure stages.The main failure modes are plastic deformation,core material collapse,and panel-core delamination.The failure load measured by the test is 1.59 kN,which is basically consistent with the load-displacement result obtained by the simulation,with a difference of only 1.9%,which verifies the validity and reliability of the model.It provides data references for wind turbine blade structure design.

Lower Bounds of Decay Rates for Solution to the Single-Layer Quasi-Geostrophic Model

In this paper, we study the long-time behavior of solutions of the single-layer quasi-geostrophic model arising from geophysical fluid dynamics. We obtain the lower bound of the decay estimate of the solution. Utilizing the Fourier splitting method, under suitable assumptions on the initial data, for any multi-index α, we show that the solution Ψ satisfies .

Study of Longitudinal Oscillations of a Building on the Basis of Continuum Plate Model

Continuum plate model in the form of a cantilever anisotropic plate developed in the framework of the bimoment theory of plates describing seismic oscillations of buildings is proposed in this paper as a dynamic model of a building. Formulas for the reduced moduli of elasticity, shear and density of the plate model of a building are given. Longitudinal oscillations of a building are studied using the continuum plate and box-like models of the building with Finite Element Model. Numerical results are obtained in the form of graphs, followed by their analysis.

Flutter Analysis of Aircraft Wing Using Equivalent-Plate Models with Orthogonal Polynomials

A method of equivalent simplification,using equivalent-plate models(EPMs),is developed.It is to achieve goals of rapid modeling and effective analysis in structural dynamics and flutter analysis of complex wing structures.It is on the assumption that the wing structures discussed are composed of skin,beams and ribs,and the different plate units(such as skin,beam web,rib web)are not distinguished in modeling,which is to avoid the complex pre-processing and make it more generalized.Taking the effect of transverse shear deformation into consideration,the equivalence is based on the first-order shear deformation theory,and it can import the model files of MSC/NASTRAN and process the information to accomplish the equivalent modeling.The Ritz method is applied with the Legendre polynomials,which is used to define the geometry,structure and displacements of the wing.Particularly,the selection of Legendre polynomials as trial functions brings good accuracy to the modeling and can avoid the ill-conditions.This is in contrast to the EPM method based on the classical plate theory.Through vibration and flutter analysis,the results obtained by using EPM agree well with those obtained by the finite element method,which indicates the accuracy and effectiveness in vibration and flutter analysis of the EPM method.

Q690厚板对接焊残余应力评估及其对焊接接头断裂性能的影响

[目的]旨在研究高强钢厚板多层多道焊的复杂焊接残余应力,评估其对焊接接头断裂性能的影响。[方法]以75 mm厚Q690高强钢板为研究对象,制定多层多道对接焊工艺,完成对接接头的焊接,使用轮廓法获得中剖面的纵向残余应力,基于自主开发的高效热−弹−塑性有限元计算方法,再现厚板多层多道焊的热循环、微观组织演变等现象,将单轴拉伸试验与GTN损伤模型相结合,提出Q690高强钢板的GTN模型参数,分析金属母材及焊接接头试样的断裂特性和应力−应变曲线。[结果]采用所提方法预测的厚板对接接头熔池形状、金相体积分数都与试验测量基本吻合;考虑焊接固态相变和高强钢轧制初始应力的力学分析,得到的焊接残余应力与试验结果高度一致,并得到了横向残余应力分布;考虑焊接微观缺陷及横向残余应力,阐明了残余应力影响焊接接头断裂性能的力学机理。[结论]相关研究可为高强钢厚板焊接结构残余应力及断裂性能评估提供借鉴和指导。

轴向流作用下均布非线性弹簧支承二维壁板的复杂响应

考虑刚性导流段和尾流段对流场的影响,建立轴向流作用下二维板的非线性流固耦合运动控制方程,用有限差分法对控制方程进行离散。为了克服差分网格较多时带来的计算规模较大的问题,对控制方程用主模态缩减法缩减自由度,然后对离散方程进行数值积分,得到系统的复杂响应,分析其分岔和混沌特性。计算结果表明,以来流流速幅值和阻尼参数为可变参数时,系统具有极其复杂的动态响应,通过分岔图、相图和庞加莱截面图等方法判断了系统多种形式的周期、拟周期和混沌运动,在以来流流速幅值为可变参数时,系统一开始经由周期倍化分岔的方式进入混沌;在以阻尼系数为可变参数时,经由倒周期倍化分岔的方式从混沌运动退回到周期振动。

基于YOLOv5神经网络模型的变电所压板开关状态的识别方法

煤矿变电所是大型煤矿供电系统的重要组成部分,变电所压板开关状态的精确识别是监测煤矿供电状态的重要环节。然而,随着变电所电气控制柜上压板开关数量的大幅增加,传统人工巡检存在的巡检速度慢、巡检精度低的问题愈发显著。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于YOLOv5神经网络模型的变电所压板开关状态识别方法。使用Pytorch深度学习框架进行了模型训练;设计了针对压板开关图像的预处理方法;采用得到的最佳模型对预处理后的压板开关图像进行检测并评估检测结果。实验结果表明该方法可以实现压板开关状态的智能识别,且具有速度快、精度高的特点。

混合边界护顶层力学模型及应用

对于直接顶板稳固性较差的矿山,通常需留设护顶层以防止直接顶板的垮塌。为了保证矿山的安全开采,确定合理的护顶层厚度至关重要。针对房柱法开采的采空区顶板进行结构力学解析,将护顶层视作四边中部自由其余部分固支的薄板,即混合边界薄板;利用功的互等法推导出混合边界薄板的挠曲面方程,构建混合边界护顶层力学模型,在此基础上得到护顶层安全厚度的计算公式。将混合边界薄板与四边固支薄板的变形情况进行对比时发现,混合边界薄板的挠度整体大于四边固支薄板挠度,混合边界自由段长度与最大挠度值呈正相关。将理论分析和数值模拟结合应用在某铝土矿No.9采场上,确定了护顶层安全厚度为1 m,验证了力学模型的准确性。

黏弹性纳米流体在垂直板上的自然对流与传热分析

基于分数阶Maxwell模型和分数阶Fourier定律构建黏弹性纳米流体在垂直板上的非定常二维边界层自然对流与传热控制方程,利用有限差分和L1算法获得数值稳定解,对不同物理参数下的速度、温度、平均表面摩擦系数和平均Nusselt数的变化趋势进行图形化分析。结果显示,速度和温度边界层均表现出短暂记忆和延迟特性;速度分数导数参数削弱了自然对流,而速度松弛时间的影响却相反;温度分数导数参数削弱了自然对流和热传导,而温度松弛时间的影响却相反。

基于Kriging模型与FORM的钢板组合梁桥结构优化设计

考虑材料参数的不确定性以及设计变量多重约束条件的影响,提出了基于可靠性分析的钢板组合梁桥结构优化设计方法。首先,利用拉丁超立方试验设计(Latin hypercube design,LHD)构建试验组合方案,并通过有限元分析获取试验设计组合下的最大挠度响应值。基于获取的训练样本,构建能够表征结构最大挠度值与随机输入之间映射关系的Kriging代理模型。基于建立的代理模型,以钢结构截面积最小化为目标函数,建立符合规范要求与可靠度约束的优化数学模型,并采用一阶可靠性方法(first order reliability method,FORM),实现设计变量优化。通过比较具有相同设计变量上限,但下限分别为初始值的80%和70%两种优化设计方案,评估了两者在相同阈值以及不同阈值下设计变量的优化结果。最后对方案二在阈值为17 mm下的优化结果进行极限状态验算。结果表明:两个优化设计方案在阈值为17 mm下的优化结果更具合理性,并且方案二在同一阈值下具有更高的优化程度。随着阈值增加,优化程度增加,且腹板高度在较大阈值下对结果影响更大,而翼缘宽度在较小阈值下影响更大。

2205/X65爆炸焊复合板JCO成型过程协同变形行为研究

为了研究JCO成型工艺参数对2205/X65爆炸复合板结合界面附近应变协调性的影响,建立了2205/X65爆炸复合板三点弯曲过程的有限元模型,结合数字图像相关法对模型进行了验证。采用该模型进行仿真研究,结果表明,上模半径越小,界面附近的最大应变差越大,复合板JCO在成型过程中变形不协调区域的宽度越小;跨距越小,复合板在JCO成型过程中变形不协调区域的宽度越大,跨度变化对界面附近最大应变差没有显著影响;下压量增大时,界面附近变形不协调区域的宽度增大,但界面附近最大应变差的变化不显著;下模半径大小和复合板厚度比对加工变形协调性影响不显著。在实际生产中,建议选用较大上模半径和较大跨距,采用小下压量多次成型。

正交异性钢-钢纤维混凝土组合桥面板疲劳极限状态研究

为了解正交异性钢-钢纤维混凝土(Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,SFRC)组合桥面板的疲劳性能及失效机理,以川南城际铁路临港长江大桥为背景,设计、制作正交异性钢-SFRC组合桥面板足尺模型进行疲劳试验,采用ANSYS软件建立试件有限元模型,研究关键细节的疲劳应力和开裂等情况。基于有限元模型,分析不同设计参数(钢顶板厚度、栓钉布置、SFRC抗拉强度及层厚)下组合桥面板疲劳极限状态的失效模式,并提出了主要控制参数取值建议。结果表明:200万次疲劳加载后足尺模型的实测最大裂缝宽度为0.136 mm,出现在SFRC层上缘,钢结构未开裂,组合桥面板疲劳性能良好;组合桥面板疲劳极限状态主要由SFRC层开裂控制,钢顶板厚度、栓钉布置对组合桥面板疲劳性能的影响较小,SFRC抗拉强度和层厚对组合桥面板疲劳性能影响较大,为主要控制参数;在常规正交异性钢桥面板上铺设薄层(厚度不超过50 mm)SFRC时,SFRC抗拉强度不应小于5 MPa,在常规正交异性钢桥面板上铺设普通SFRC(钢纤维体积含量不高于1%,抗拉强度不高于3 MPa)时,SFRC层厚不宜低于100 mm。

基于一维计算模型的斜盘式柱塞泵流动特性分析

斜盘式柱塞泵广泛应用在直升机疲劳试验的液压系统中,其流动特性对液压系统稳定性有着至关重要的作用。文中使用立体几何方法分析了斜盘式柱塞泵柱塞运动轨迹,基于图形解析法推导了过流面积公式,并编写相应Matlab程序实现吸排油过流面积自动化计算;构建了考虑流量倒灌及泄漏的单柱塞流动模型,结合AMESim软件实现柱塞泵三维计算模型向一维计算模型的转变;依据初始工况计算结果分析了柱塞泵的流动特性及其产生流量脉动的原因,并使用基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法的三维模型所获得的流量脉动计算结果验证了一维计算模型的准确性。在此基础上分析了不同运行工况(包含运行温度、工作压力及柱塞泵调节参数)对出口流量脉动率的影响,从降低流量脉动率进而提高直升机疲劳试验精度的角度分析了试验中柱塞泵调节控制要点。文中提出的一维计算模型可显著提高柱塞泵仿真计算速率,便于后续柱塞泵的改进设计以及将其作为子系统添加到虚拟数字试验平台中。

基于冲击回波法的钢衬混凝土内部缺陷探测研究

针对冲击回波法多用于单一结构厚度和缺陷检测且在组合结构缺陷识别领域应用较少的问题,提出了基于冲击回波法检测钢衬混凝土组合结构构件厚度公式。首先采用数值模拟方法探究弹性波在钢衬混凝土内部的传播特性,分析缺陷埋深对冲击回波法特征参数的影响,然后开展室内模型试验研究,进一步验证公式的准确性。结果表明,提出的冲击回波法检测组合结构构件厚度计算公式能较好地适用于钢衬混凝土构件现场检测,现场冲击回波法检测获取的卓越频率可真实反映钢衬混凝土结构混凝土内部质量缺陷。

煤矿充填开采下顶板沉降研究

充填采矿可以有效控制岩层移动、抑制地表沉陷、减轻地质灾害,并且能够处理或利用一定的固体废弃物,有效改善矿山上覆岩层的力学环境,减轻顶板压力。以平凉某煤矿为工程背景,研究煤矿充填开采条件下坚硬顶板沉降变形情况,构建了顶板力学模型,对于初期来压采用四边固支的边界条件,利用变分法中伽辽金变形方程求选用不同挠度表达式的解;另对周期来压选用三边固支一边自由的边界条件,采用变分法中里兹变形方程进行求解,得出充填后顶板挠度显著减小,初期来压时减小38.74%,周期来压时减小66.84%。并得到充填开采顶板沉降变形规律,随着充填体弹性模量k值增大,顶板下沉位移显著减小。

Mechanical response of a tunnel subjected to strike-slip faulting processes,based on a multi-scale modeling method

The stick-slip action of strike-slip faults poses a significant threat to the safety and stability of underground structures.In this study,the north-east area of the Longmenshan fault,Sichuan,provides the geological background;the rheological characteristics of the crustal lithosphere and the nonlinear interactions between plates are described by Burger’s viscoelastic constitutive model and the friction constitutive model,respectively.A large-scale global numerical model for plate squeezing analysis is established,and the seemingly periodic stick-slip action of faults at different crust depths is simulated.For a second model at a smaller scale,a local finite element model(sub-model),the time history of displacement at a ground level location on the Longmenshan fault plane in a stick-slip action is considered as the displacement loading.The integration of these models,creating a multi-scale modeling method,is used to evaluate the crack propagation and mechanical response of a tunnel subjected to strike-slip faulting.The determinations of the recurrence interval of stick-slip action and the cracking characteristics of the tunnel are in substantial agreement with the previous field investigation and experimental results,validating the multi-scale modeling method.It can be concluded that,regardless of stratum stiffness,initial cracks first occur at the inverted arch of the tunnel in the footwall,on the squeezed side under strike-slip faulting.The smaller the stratum stiffness is,the smaller the included angle between the crack expansion and longitudinal direction of the tunnel,and the more extensive the crack expansion range.For the tunnel in a high stiffness stratum,both shear and bending failures occur on the lining under strike-slip faulting,while for that in the low stiffness stratum,only bending failure occurs on the lining.

基于核偏最小二乘法的热轧板凸度预测

以某2160 mm热连轧生产线为研究对象,结合生产数据和数据驱动算法,提出并建立基于核偏最小二乘法和偏最小二乘法的热轧板凸度预测模型,并对模型的参数进行调整和优化。结果表明:偏最小二乘法模型的预测值与实测值误差为-25~30μm,88.74%的板凸度预测值绝对误差小于10μm;核偏最小二乘法模型的预测值与实测值误差为-25~25μm,91.57%的板凸度预测值绝对误差小于10μm。因此,优化后的核偏最小二乘法模型具有更好的预测效果。

加强圈对钢波纹板拱涵受力行为的影响研究

为研究大跨度钢波纹板拱涵在增设混凝土加强圈后的受力行为,建立考虑土–拱相互作用的精细化有限元模型,并与CHBDC的分析方法进行对比。在此基础上,研究加强圈承担的截面内力及其在拱脚、拱腰和拱顶等部位的分布规律,并讨论加强圈厚度、间距和宽度对拱涵力学行为的影响。研究表明:采用CHBDC方法计算钢波纹板拱涵时,轴力将被低估,其与精细化有限元计算结果的比值为0.38~0.48;钢波纹板拱涵的轴力起控制作用,加强圈使得最大轴力减小了22.14%;在拱脚位置,加强圈承担的截面轴力最大,占比50.32%;加强圈各部位的轴力贡献度与其设计参数呈正相关,增大加强圈宽度优于增加厚度和减小间距。

同轴空间相机铝蜂窝夹层主承力板设计

为某型号同轴空间相机设计了具有铝蜂窝夹层结构的轻量化主承力板。从加固结构和预埋件两方面改良传统蜂窝夹层,上下碳纤维面板选用M40J,铺层方式为[0°/45°/90°/-45°]s,铝蜂窝芯子规格为3×0.05mm,主承力板设计重量为3.98kg。采用基于正交各向异性实体单元的蜂窝夹层结构等效建模方法,将铝蜂窝芯子等效为“中间层”,仿真分析结果表明,主要空间工况下主次镜间的相对位移不超过9.904μm,相对转角不超过4.708″,对应相机调制传递函数最小值为0.252,较设计值仅下降约2%,整机基频达到94.4Hz,相机动、静力学特性能够满足可见光波段遥感器设计要求。

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTION FOR LAMINATED ORTHOTROPIC RECTANGULAR PLATES WITH VISCOELASTIC INTERFACES

When a body consists completely or even partly of viscoelastic materials, its response under static loading will be time-dependent. The adhesives used to glue together single plies in laminates usually exhibit a certain viscoelastic characteristic in a high temperature environment. In this paper, a laminated orthotropic rectangular plate with viscoelastic interfaces, described by the Kelvin-Voigt model, is considered. A power series expansion technique is adopted to approximate the time-variation of various field quantities. Results indicate that the response of the laminated plate with viscoelastic interfaces changes remarkably with time, and is much different from that of a plate with spring-like or viscous interfaces.