UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTION OF FIELD POINT OF SINGULAR SOURCE OUTSIDE-REGION-DISTRIBUTION METHOD

The uniqueness of solution of field point, inside a convex region due to singular source(s) with kernel function decreasing with distance increasing, outside-region-distribution(s) such that the boundary condition expressed by the response of the source(s) is satisfied, is proved by using the condition of kernel function decreasing with distance increasing anal an integral inequality. Examples of part of these singular sources such as Kelvin's point force, Point-Ring-Couple (PRC) etc. are given. The proof of uniqueness of solution of field point in a twisted shaft of revolution due to PRC distribution is given as an example of application.

Collocation Methods for Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations with Singular Sources

A numerical study is given on the spectral methods and the high order WENO finite difference scheme for the solution of linear and nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations with stationary and non-stationary singular sources.The singular source term is represented by theδ-function.For the approximation of theδ-function,the direct projection method is used that was proposed in[6].Theδ-function is constructed in a consistent way to the derivative operator.Nonlinear sine-Gordon equation with a stationary singular source was solved with the Chebyshev collocation method.Theδ-function with the spectral method is highly oscillatory but yields good results with small number of collocation points.The results are compared with those computed by the second order finite difference method.In modeling general hyperbolic equations with a non-stationary singular source,however,the solution of the linear scalar wave equation with the nonstationary singular source using the direct projection method yields non-physical oscillations for both the spectral method and the WENO scheme.The numerical artifacts arising when the non-stationary singular source term is considered on the discrete grids are explained.

Stable Grid Refinement and Singular Source Discretization for Seismic Wave Simulations

An energy conserving discretization of the elastic wave equation in second order formulation is developed for a composite grid,consisting of a set of structured rectangular component grids with hanging nodes on the grid refinement interface.Previously developed summation-by-parts properties are generalized to devise a stable second order accurate coupling of the solution across mesh refinement interfaces.The discretization of singular source terms of point force and point moment tensor type are also studied.Based on enforcing discrete moment conditions that mimic properties of the Dirac distribution and its gradient,previous single grid formulas are generalized to work in the vicinity of grid refinement interfaces.These source discretization formulas are shown to give second order accuracy in the solution,with the error being essentially independent of the distance between the source and the grid refinement boundary.Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the properties of the proposed method.

A second-order numerical method for elliptic equations with singular sources using local flter

The presence of Dirac delta function in differential equation can lead to a discontinuity,which may degrade the accuracy of related numerical methods.To improve the accuracy,a secondorder numerical method for elliptic equations with singular sources is introduced by employing a local kernel flter.In this method,the discontinuous equation is convoluted with the kernel function to obtain a more regular one.Then the original equation is replaced by this fltered equation around the singular points,to obtain discrete numerical form.The unchanged equations at the other points are discretized by using a central difference scheme.1D and 2D examples are carried out to validate the correctness and accuracy of the present method.The results show that a second-order of accuracy can be obtained in the fltering framework with an appropriate integration rule.Furthermore,the present method does not need any jump condition,and also has extremely simple form that can be easily extended to high dimensional cases and complex geometry.

A new approach for separating mixed model parameters:application to simultaneous inversion of earthquake source parameters

A method for simultaneous determination of mixed model parameters,which have different physical dimensions or different responses to data,is presented.Mixed parameter estimation from observed data within a single model space shows instabilities and trade-offs of the solutions. We separate the model space into N-subspaces based on their physical properties or computational convenience and solve the N-subspaces systems by damped least-squares and singular-value decomposition. Since the condition number of each subsystem is smaller than that of the single global system,the approach can greatly increase the stability of the inversion. We also introduce different damping factors into the subsystems to reduce the tradeoffs between the different parameters. The damping factors depend on the conditioning of the subsystems and may be adequately chosen in a range from 0.1 % to 10 % of the largest singular value. We illustrate the method with an example of simultaneous determination of source history,source geometry,and hypocentral location from regional seismograms,although it is applicable to any geophysical inversion.

Waves Induced by the Appearance of Single-Point Heat Source in Constant Flow

Heating or cooling one-dimensional inviscid compressible flow can be modeled by the Euler equations with energy sources.A tricky situation is the sudden appearance of a single-point energy source term.This source is discontinuous in both the time and space directions,and results in multiple discontinuous waves in the solution.We establish a mathematical model of the generalized Riemann problem of the Euler equations with source term.Based on the double CRPs coupling method proposed by the authors,we determine the wave patterns of the solution.Theoretically,we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to both"heat removal"problem and"heat addition"problem.Our results provide a theoretical explanation for the effect of instantaneous addition or removal of heat on the fluid.

An Adaptive Mesh Refinement Strategy for Immersed Boundary/Interface Methods

An adaptive mesh refinement strategy is proposed in this paper for the Immersed Boundary and Immersed Interface methods for two-dimensional elliptic interface problems involving singular sources.The interface is represented by the zero level set of a Lipschitz functionϕ(x,y).Our adaptive mesh refinement is done within a small tube of|ϕ(x,y)|δwith finer Cartesian meshes.The discrete linear system of equations is solved by a multigrid solver.The AMR methods could obtain solutions with accuracy that is similar to those on a uniform fine grid by distributing the mesh more economically,therefore,reduce the size of the linear system of the equations.Numerical examples presented show the efficiency of the grid refinement strategy.