Mining,smelting and tailing deposition activities can cause metal(loid)contamination in surrounding soils,threatening ecosystems and human health.Microbial indicators are sensitive to environmental factors and have a ...Mining,smelting and tailing deposition activities can cause metal(loid)contamination in surrounding soils,threatening ecosystems and human health.Microbial indicators are sensitive to environmental factors and have a crucial role in soil ecological risk assessment.Xikuangshan,the largest active antimony(Sb)mine in the world,was taken as the research area.The soil properties,metal(loid)contents and microbial characteristics were investigated and their internal response relationships were explored by multivariate statistical analysis.The assessment of the single pollution index and Nemerow synthetic pollution index(PN)showed that the soils were mainly polluted by Sb,followed by Cd and As,in which sampling site S1 had a slight metal(loid)pollution and the other sampling sites suffered from severe synthetic metal(loid)pollution.The microbial characteristics were dissimilar among sampling points at different locations from the mining area according to hierarchical cluster analysis.The correlation analysis indicated that fluorescein diacetate hydrolase,acid phosphatase,soil basal respiration andmicrobial biomass carbonwere negatively correlatedwith PN,indicating their sensitivity to combined metal(loid)contamination;that dehydrogenase was positively correlated with pH;and that urease,potential ammonia oxidation and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea were correlated with N(nitrogen)contents.However,β-glucosidase activity had no significant correlations with physicochemical properties and metal(loid)contents.Principal components analysis suggested bioavailable Sb and pH were the dominant factors of soil environment in Xikuangshan Sb mining area.Our results can provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment of contaminated soil.展开更多
【目的】研究不同盐度灌溉水对棉田土壤氨氧化细菌及酶的影响。【方法】试验设置三个灌溉水盐度(电导率EC):0.35(淡水)、4.61(微咸水)和8.04 d S/m(咸水),分别以FW、BW和SW表示。【结果】咸水、微咸水灌溉显著增加土壤盐度,土壤中铵态...【目的】研究不同盐度灌溉水对棉田土壤氨氧化细菌及酶的影响。【方法】试验设置三个灌溉水盐度(电导率EC):0.35(淡水)、4.61(微咸水)和8.04 d S/m(咸水),分别以FW、BW和SW表示。【结果】咸水、微咸水灌溉显著增加土壤盐度,土壤中铵态氮显著增加,硝态氮显著降低;微咸水和淡水灌溉处理土壤潜在硝化势无显著差异,但是咸水灌溉处理显著降低了土壤潜在硝化势;微咸水处理土壤氨氧化细菌数量与淡水处理差异不显著,但是咸水灌溉处理氨氧化细菌数量较淡水处理降低了59.38%;不同灌溉水盐度对土壤硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶影响相似,随着灌溉水盐度的增加,土壤硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性显著降低。盐分对羟胺还原酶活性影响不大。【结论】适宜盐度的微咸水滴灌对土壤氨氧化细菌和潜在硝化势无显著影响,但高盐度的咸水灌溉会导致氨氧化细菌数量减少,潜在硝化势和关键酶活性降低,直接影响硝化/反硝化作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42030706).
文摘Mining,smelting and tailing deposition activities can cause metal(loid)contamination in surrounding soils,threatening ecosystems and human health.Microbial indicators are sensitive to environmental factors and have a crucial role in soil ecological risk assessment.Xikuangshan,the largest active antimony(Sb)mine in the world,was taken as the research area.The soil properties,metal(loid)contents and microbial characteristics were investigated and their internal response relationships were explored by multivariate statistical analysis.The assessment of the single pollution index and Nemerow synthetic pollution index(PN)showed that the soils were mainly polluted by Sb,followed by Cd and As,in which sampling site S1 had a slight metal(loid)pollution and the other sampling sites suffered from severe synthetic metal(loid)pollution.The microbial characteristics were dissimilar among sampling points at different locations from the mining area according to hierarchical cluster analysis.The correlation analysis indicated that fluorescein diacetate hydrolase,acid phosphatase,soil basal respiration andmicrobial biomass carbonwere negatively correlatedwith PN,indicating their sensitivity to combined metal(loid)contamination;that dehydrogenase was positively correlated with pH;and that urease,potential ammonia oxidation and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea were correlated with N(nitrogen)contents.However,β-glucosidase activity had no significant correlations with physicochemical properties and metal(loid)contents.Principal components analysis suggested bioavailable Sb and pH were the dominant factors of soil environment in Xikuangshan Sb mining area.Our results can provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment of contaminated soil.
文摘【目的】研究不同盐度灌溉水对棉田土壤氨氧化细菌及酶的影响。【方法】试验设置三个灌溉水盐度(电导率EC):0.35(淡水)、4.61(微咸水)和8.04 d S/m(咸水),分别以FW、BW和SW表示。【结果】咸水、微咸水灌溉显著增加土壤盐度,土壤中铵态氮显著增加,硝态氮显著降低;微咸水和淡水灌溉处理土壤潜在硝化势无显著差异,但是咸水灌溉处理显著降低了土壤潜在硝化势;微咸水处理土壤氨氧化细菌数量与淡水处理差异不显著,但是咸水灌溉处理氨氧化细菌数量较淡水处理降低了59.38%;不同灌溉水盐度对土壤硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶影响相似,随着灌溉水盐度的增加,土壤硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性显著降低。盐分对羟胺还原酶活性影响不大。【结论】适宜盐度的微咸水滴灌对土壤氨氧化细菌和潜在硝化势无显著影响,但高盐度的咸水灌溉会导致氨氧化细菌数量减少,潜在硝化势和关键酶活性降低,直接影响硝化/反硝化作用。
