Summary： Skeletal fluorosis is a chronically metabolic bone disease with extensive hyperostosis osteosclerosis caused by long time exposure to fluoride. Skeletal fluorosis brings about a series of abnormal changes of...Summary： Skeletal fluorosis is a chronically metabolic bone disease with extensive hyperostosis osteosclerosis caused by long time exposure to fluoride. Skeletal fluorosis brings about a series of abnormal changes of the extremity, such as joint pain, joint stiffness, bone deformity, etc. Differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts were regulated by osteoclasts via Sema4D/Plexin-B 1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts are conducted by osteoblasts via RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. Both of these processes form a feedback circuit which is a key link in skeletal fluorosis. In this study, an osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture model in vitro was developed to illustrate the mechanism of skeletal fluorosis. With the increase of fluoride concentration, the expression level of Sema4D was decreased and TGF-β1 was increased continuously. OPG/RANKL mRNA level, however, increased gradually. On the basis of that, the inhibition of Sema4D/Plexin-B1/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway caused by fluoride promoted the level of TGF-β1 and activated the proliferation of osteoblasts. In addition, osteroprotegerin （OPG） secreted by osteoblasts was up-regulated by fluoride. The competitive combination of OPG and RANKL was strengthened and the combination of RANKL and RANK was hindered. And then the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts were inhibited, and bone absorption was weakened, leading to skeletal fluorosis.展开更多
Objective To explore whether the intake of dietary carotenoids could protect against skeletal fluorosis in Guizhou province in which coal-burning fluorosis is endemic. Methods A case-control study of 196 patients with...Objective To explore whether the intake of dietary carotenoids could protect against skeletal fluorosis in Guizhou province in which coal-burning fluorosis is endemic. Methods A case-control study of 196 patients with skeletal fluorosis and 196 age and gender-matched controls was conducted in Zhijin, Guizhou Province. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to assess habitual dietary intake using a 75-item food frequency questionnaire and various covariates with structured questionnaires. Urinary fluoride was measured using an ion-selective electrode method. The genotype of superoxide dismutase 2（SOD2） rs11968525 was detected by Taq Man method. Results We observed significant dose-dependent inverse associations of skeletal fluorosis with intake of β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, and total carotenoids（P-trend = 0.002 to 0.018）, whereas α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin intakes were not found to be related to skeletal fluorosis, after adjustment for potential confounders. The adjusted ORs and 95% CI of skeletal fluorosis for the highest versus lowest quartile were 0.30（0.10, 0.86） for β-carotene, 0.23（0.08, 0.66） for lycopene, 0.26（0.10, 0.75） for lutein/zeaxanthin and 0.34（0.14, 0.74） for total carotenoids（all P-trend ＆lt; 0.05）. Stratified analyses showed that the protective effects of lutein/zeaxanthin and total carotenoids on skeletal fluorosis were more evident for individuals with the AG＋AA genotypes of SOD2（rs11968525）. Conclusion Increased intakes of β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, and total carotenoids are independently associated with a lower risk of coal-burning skeletal fluorosis. SOD2（rs11968525） polymorphisms might modify the inverse associations between dietary carotenoids and skeletal fluorosis.展开更多
This study compared the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in chronic consumers of locally brewed alcoholic beverages and their matched controls in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The study revealed that chronic alcohol cons...This study compared the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in chronic consumers of locally brewed alcoholic beverages and their matched controls in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The study revealed that chronic alcohol consumers developed severe forms of crippling skeletal fluorosis quite early in life. The controls were either symptom-free or exhibited mild forms of the fluorosis. The study showed that crippling skeletal fluorosis was directly associated with the large volumes of the locally brewed beer and honey-mead consumption on a daily basis. Chemical analysis of the alcoholic beverages showed that high concentration of fluoride which was much higher than the fluoride in the water was used for the brewing process. From this study one would conclude that in communities residing in high fluoride areas, there should be awareness creation campaigns to point out the relationship of excessive consumption of locally brewed alcoholic drinks and skeletal fluorosis. Regulations should also be put in place to require producers of local alcoholic beverages to use low fluoride water for brewing.展开更多
By consulting and collating the relevant literatures on the treatment of fluorosis in Traditional Chinese medicine, the research progress of TCM in the treatment of fluorosis was summarized. This paper summarizes the ...By consulting and collating the relevant literatures on the treatment of fluorosis in Traditional Chinese medicine, the research progress of TCM in the treatment of fluorosis was summarized. This paper summarizes the treatment of fluorosis in traditional Chinese medicine from the aspects of the traceability of TCM theory, etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and cure, special disease specialty and foreign medicine, so as to guide clinical practice. TCM treatment of fluorosis more use of tonifying kidney and bone, activating blood circulation stasis, cold moisturizing, Tongluo pain relief and other methods, based on dispelling evil and tonifying kidney, combined with a variety of treatment methods, in relieving clinical symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients have an irreplaceable role, has been widely recognized, but most of the research reports are their own work experience summary, Lack of uniform diagnosis and treatment standards, and small sample size, data repeatability is weak, future research needs to further enhance the scientific and objective of the experiment, for TCM treatment of fluorosis to provide a scientific and reasonable diagnosis and treatment program, give full play to the advantages of TCM therapy.展开更多
基金suppooted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81372941)
文摘Summary： Skeletal fluorosis is a chronically metabolic bone disease with extensive hyperostosis osteosclerosis caused by long time exposure to fluoride. Skeletal fluorosis brings about a series of abnormal changes of the extremity, such as joint pain, joint stiffness, bone deformity, etc. Differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts were regulated by osteoclasts via Sema4D/Plexin-B 1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts are conducted by osteoblasts via RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. Both of these processes form a feedback circuit which is a key link in skeletal fluorosis. In this study, an osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture model in vitro was developed to illustrate the mechanism of skeletal fluorosis. With the increase of fluoride concentration, the expression level of Sema4D was decreased and TGF-β1 was increased continuously. OPG/RANKL mRNA level, however, increased gradually. On the basis of that, the inhibition of Sema4D/Plexin-B1/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway caused by fluoride promoted the level of TGF-β1 and activated the proliferation of osteoblasts. In addition, osteroprotegerin （OPG） secreted by osteoblasts was up-regulated by fluoride. The competitive combination of OPG and RANKL was strengthened and the combination of RANKL and RANK was hindered. And then the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts were inhibited, and bone absorption was weakened, leading to skeletal fluorosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 81460497]
文摘Objective To explore whether the intake of dietary carotenoids could protect against skeletal fluorosis in Guizhou province in which coal-burning fluorosis is endemic. Methods A case-control study of 196 patients with skeletal fluorosis and 196 age and gender-matched controls was conducted in Zhijin, Guizhou Province. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to assess habitual dietary intake using a 75-item food frequency questionnaire and various covariates with structured questionnaires. Urinary fluoride was measured using an ion-selective electrode method. The genotype of superoxide dismutase 2（SOD2） rs11968525 was detected by Taq Man method. Results We observed significant dose-dependent inverse associations of skeletal fluorosis with intake of β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, and total carotenoids（P-trend = 0.002 to 0.018）, whereas α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin intakes were not found to be related to skeletal fluorosis, after adjustment for potential confounders. The adjusted ORs and 95% CI of skeletal fluorosis for the highest versus lowest quartile were 0.30（0.10, 0.86） for β-carotene, 0.23（0.08, 0.66） for lycopene, 0.26（0.10, 0.75） for lutein/zeaxanthin and 0.34（0.14, 0.74） for total carotenoids（all P-trend ＆lt; 0.05）. Stratified analyses showed that the protective effects of lutein/zeaxanthin and total carotenoids on skeletal fluorosis were more evident for individuals with the AG＋AA genotypes of SOD2（rs11968525）. Conclusion Increased intakes of β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, and total carotenoids are independently associated with a lower risk of coal-burning skeletal fluorosis. SOD2（rs11968525） polymorphisms might modify the inverse associations between dietary carotenoids and skeletal fluorosis.
文摘This study compared the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in chronic consumers of locally brewed alcoholic beverages and their matched controls in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The study revealed that chronic alcohol consumers developed severe forms of crippling skeletal fluorosis quite early in life. The controls were either symptom-free or exhibited mild forms of the fluorosis. The study showed that crippling skeletal fluorosis was directly associated with the large volumes of the locally brewed beer and honey-mead consumption on a daily basis. Chemical analysis of the alcoholic beverages showed that high concentration of fluoride which was much higher than the fluoride in the water was used for the brewing process. From this study one would conclude that in communities residing in high fluoride areas, there should be awareness creation campaigns to point out the relationship of excessive consumption of locally brewed alcoholic drinks and skeletal fluorosis. Regulations should also be put in place to require producers of local alcoholic beverages to use low fluoride water for brewing.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173423,81873141)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Plan Capital Clinical Specialty Applied Research Project(No.Z16110000516009).
文摘By consulting and collating the relevant literatures on the treatment of fluorosis in Traditional Chinese medicine, the research progress of TCM in the treatment of fluorosis was summarized. This paper summarizes the treatment of fluorosis in traditional Chinese medicine from the aspects of the traceability of TCM theory, etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and cure, special disease specialty and foreign medicine, so as to guide clinical practice. TCM treatment of fluorosis more use of tonifying kidney and bone, activating blood circulation stasis, cold moisturizing, Tongluo pain relief and other methods, based on dispelling evil and tonifying kidney, combined with a variety of treatment methods, in relieving clinical symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients have an irreplaceable role, has been widely recognized, but most of the research reports are their own work experience summary, Lack of uniform diagnosis and treatment standards, and small sample size, data repeatability is weak, future research needs to further enhance the scientific and objective of the experiment, for TCM treatment of fluorosis to provide a scientific and reasonable diagnosis and treatment program, give full play to the advantages of TCM therapy.
