A 56-year-old male visited our hospital for evaluation of an occipital mass.Contrast computed tomography showed hypervascular enhancement with osteolytic change in the skull and a huge enhanced mass in the liver.Magne...A 56-year-old male visited our hospital for evaluation of an occipital mass.Contrast computed tomography showed hypervascular enhancement with osteolytic change in the skull and a huge enhanced mass in the liver.Magnetic resonance imaging showed bone metastasis in the thoracic vertebrae.Assays for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antibody were positive and his liver condition was Child-Pugh grade A.Our diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with skull and vertebrae metastases on chronic hepatitis B.He was treated with radiation therapy for bone metastases and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for HCC.But he developed acute respiratory failure because of aspiration pneumonia,congestion and oedema with haemorrhage of the lungs and died.Dissection showed HCC with multiple bone metastases.The liver tumor was categorized as well-differentiated HCC,Edmondson classification Ⅰ,trabecular type and pseudoglandular type.In the liver mild infiltration of lymphocytes was seen in Glisson's capsules which were signif icantly enlarged with well preserved limiting plates.Piecemeal necrosis was not obvious.No fibrosis was noted.An 8 cm × 7 cm × 3 cm metastatic lesion had formed in the left occipitotemporal part of the cranial bone.The lesion was osteolytic and showed invasion into the dura mater.Neither the subdural cavity nor the brain showed involvement from the metastatic tumor.However,skull metastasis from HCC is very rare and it affects the patient's prognosis and the quality of life.Therefore,it is very important to make an early diagnosis and carry out proper management of skull metastasis from HCC.展开更多
Internasal bones have generally been recorded in teleostean and tetrapod fossils, being absent in most extant vertebrates. Presently, there has been one case of the internasal bone discovered in a living salamander, P...Internasal bones have generally been recorded in teleostean and tetrapod fossils, being absent in most extant vertebrates. Presently, there has been one case of the internasal bone discovered in a living salamander, Pseudohynobius puxiongensis （Caudata： Hynobiidae）. The second case discovered in living salamanders is reported in this article, which is present in one of five specimens ofHynobius maoershanensis, a species endemic to China. This case is again regarded as individual variation. Thus, the presence of an ＂internasal bone＂ may represent intraspecific variation and is thus a misleading taxonomic character.展开更多
文摘A 56-year-old male visited our hospital for evaluation of an occipital mass.Contrast computed tomography showed hypervascular enhancement with osteolytic change in the skull and a huge enhanced mass in the liver.Magnetic resonance imaging showed bone metastasis in the thoracic vertebrae.Assays for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antibody were positive and his liver condition was Child-Pugh grade A.Our diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with skull and vertebrae metastases on chronic hepatitis B.He was treated with radiation therapy for bone metastases and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for HCC.But he developed acute respiratory failure because of aspiration pneumonia,congestion and oedema with haemorrhage of the lungs and died.Dissection showed HCC with multiple bone metastases.The liver tumor was categorized as well-differentiated HCC,Edmondson classification Ⅰ,trabecular type and pseudoglandular type.In the liver mild infiltration of lymphocytes was seen in Glisson's capsules which were signif icantly enlarged with well preserved limiting plates.Piecemeal necrosis was not obvious.No fibrosis was noted.An 8 cm × 7 cm × 3 cm metastatic lesion had formed in the left occipitotemporal part of the cranial bone.The lesion was osteolytic and showed invasion into the dura mater.Neither the subdural cavity nor the brain showed involvement from the metastatic tumor.However,skull metastasis from HCC is very rare and it affects the patient's prognosis and the quality of life.Therefore,it is very important to make an early diagnosis and carry out proper management of skull metastasis from HCC.
基金supported by the grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(30870287)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-J-22)to Xiaomao ZENGthe grants of NSFC(30900138)and Henan University of Science and Technology Foundation(09001367)to Jianli XIONG
文摘Internasal bones have generally been recorded in teleostean and tetrapod fossils, being absent in most extant vertebrates. Presently, there has been one case of the internasal bone discovered in a living salamander, Pseudohynobius puxiongensis （Caudata： Hynobiidae）. The second case discovered in living salamanders is reported in this article, which is present in one of five specimens ofHynobius maoershanensis, a species endemic to China. This case is again regarded as individual variation. Thus, the presence of an ＂internasal bone＂ may represent intraspecific variation and is thus a misleading taxonomic character.
