Restoration of the facade of the Pirelli skyscraper in Milan and the repair of damage to reinforced concrete structures caused by a plane crash： An example of critic conservation

The restoration of the former PireUi Tower in Milan, which dates back to the early 1950s, is an example of various issues in approaching the ＂conservation of the new＂. This project was completed with the broad use of industrial products that evoked different kinds of reflections, if only within the same planning methodology, common to all interventions of architectural restoration. This restoration constitutes an exemplary episode where only a careful and critical evaluation facilitated the understanding of which elements are important in conservation and which can be substituted or updated. This approach uses case-to-case evaluations. The conservation of ＂new＂ architecture is similar to other restoration problems, except for the closeness in time to the original works and, sometimes, with its creator. The main intervention concerns the recovery of the structure with over 10,000 m^2 of continuous aluminum and glass facade in a skyscraper designed by Italian master Gio Ponti and the repair of the damage to the reinforced concrete （RC） structures （designed by another Italian master, Pier Luigi Nervi） caused by a plane crash. The straightening and repair of the RC using entirely innovative methods and the conservation of the structures of the whole fasade also translates into financial savings. Approximately 20% of the savings is derived from the complete substitution of the curtain wall. This idea of authenticity results in a method of restoration in which all single parts may not always be replaced for every functional upgrade. This scenario is important news, especially for modern architecture that usually prefers the value of what appears to be new, showing parts that are always perfect since the time they were built. People also consider the conservation of items that were considered as merely industrial products a few years ago.

Some Topics on the Inner Traffic of a Skyscraper

This paper surveys the results obtained in some of our papers, which generalized the models used in previous works. One is the distribution of the inner traffic area and the dwelling area inside a skyscraper, the other one is the efficient shape of a skyscraper considering its inner traffic. Finally, some related topics are also mentioned.

Skyscraper上海101 漫步垂直花园城市

2008年8月29日,全球100多名记者齐聚上海,见证上海环球金融中心开幕,这座建筑以地上101层、总高度492米的事实刷新了全球超高层建筑的最新数据,通过由透明地板组成的悬空观光长廊以及开放式玻璃顶棚后,最具活力的城市与黄浦江景致被360度收入视野。

“Spiderman”Scales Skyscraper in War Protest

选注者言:为了抗议美英对伊拉克发动战争,法国的一个“蜘蛛人”顶着强风,在没有任何保护装置的情况下,徒手攀爬上了巴黎的一幢47层高的建筑,以示抗议。文中一句,也许你需要三思:I think it’ll take more than this tomake an impression on Bush and Blair,but it’s good all the same.It makes youthink.

Planners Envision Tallest Skyscraper In Chicago

本文信息丰富,而且趣味盎然。世上有跳高比赛,有攀登珠峰的竞争,在人类的建筑活动中竟然也有“攀高”竞赛。长期以来,美国芝加哥的Sears Tower傲视群雄,稳坐世界高楼的第一把“交椅”。然而,此局面在3年前被马来西亚的Petronas Towers所打破。对此,芝加哥并不“善罢甘休”,他们正在拟建新的世界第一高楼。我们也从本文欣喜地得知,在这场“竞赛”中,中国正在展现“咄咄逼人”之势。】

Skyscrapers Turn Out Lights to Save Migrating Birds

芝加哥是美国的一个重要城市,德莱塞的长篇小说Sister Carrie的背景城市,一百年之前早已喧嚣繁华。现在更是高楼林立。岂料,那里夜间灯火通明的高楼竟然成了无数候鸟的葬身之地！候鸟竟然和海里的鱼一样,具有趋光性。为此,芝加哥采取了高楼“减亮”等项措施,以拯救候鸟。本文文字信息丰富,优美通俗,值得细学。比如: We're not enduring the same energy crisis that's going on in California, butbuilding owners might be able to save a few pennies while performing a good deed。 本句信息:California(正遭受)energy crisis。 本句修辞:to save a few pennies(典型的understatement,低调) 本句句型:periodic sentence(圆周句)】

摩天大厦型作物工厂——保障城市食物快速增长需求的作物高效生产系统

Vertical farming systems,such as sky farms,are a potential type of agricultural system for stable and effective food production.Here,we highlight the potential of the sky farm,denoted as the“skyscraper crop factory”(SCF),for cereal crop production and discuss some nascent technologies that would be applied in this production system.SCFs are ideal crop-production systems for increasing the effective arable area for crops and ensuring food security in times of crises that cause a shock in global trade.They can also provide food in urban areas to meet producers’and consumers’demands for the increased nutrition,taste,and safe production of cereal crops.Moreover,as their use can reduce greenhouse gas emissions,SCFs could be a sustainable addition to conventional agricultural crop production.

Targeting TIGIT in NSCLC—Is There Light on the Horizon?

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) represent over 80% of all malignant lung tumours and are one of the leading causes of cancer death throughout the world. First- and second-line treatment of advanced or metastatic NSCLCs has changed dramatically during the last two decades with the development of novel immunotherapies (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4) sparing NSCLC patients from the toxic effects of chemotherapy. However, only 15% - 20% of all patients respond to treatment. In order to improve response rates, experimental and clinical evidence has provided the basis for further evaluating the combination of co-stimulatory and inhibitory monoclonal antibodies to improve the anti-tumour immune response. Innovative second- and third-generation immuno-oncology drugs are currently evaluated in ongoing phase I-III trials (either alone or in combination) including the new checkpoint inhibitor target TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains). TIGIT functions as an inhibitory immunoglobin receptor which is overexpressed by different immune cells including effector and memory CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), follicular T helper cells (Tfh), and natural killer cells. Targeting the interaction between the receptors of the TIGIT receptors (e.g., CD96, CD112R, CD226, TIGIT and their corresponding binding partners) has become an innovative strategy for the next concepts of cancer immunotherapy that has the potential to synergize with PD-1/PD-L1checkpoint inhibition. Currently, four anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies are currently being studied in phase III trials in NSCLCs: 1) tiragolumab (SKYSCRAPER programme);2) vibostolimab (KEYVIVE programme);3) domvanalimab (ARC programme), and 4) ociperlimab (AdvanTIG programme). The vast majority of these studies are ongoing;however, the SKYSCRAPER-01 trial (tiragolumab in NSCLC) and the SKYSCRAPER-02 trial (tiragolumab in SCLC) were negative and did not meet their primary endpoint. The underlying preclinical and clinical mechanisms of these unexpectedly negative studies are currently far from being clear and the results from currently recruiting clinical studies are eagerly awaited to shed some additional light on these results. From 2021 onwards different TIGIT family receptors are currently evaluated in over 25 clinical trials (phase I-III), however, a lot of preclinical and clinical research is ongoing at different research sites which will help to identify novel immune checkpoint targets with improved activity against malignancies across all histologies.

BANCO DE BILBAO HEADQUARTERS:FIRST LOW-ENERGY BUILDING IN SPAIN?

Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza was perhaps the greatest architect of the twentieth century in Spain,and his masterpiece was the Banco de Bilbao Headquarters,located in the Paseo de la Castellana in Madrid(Spain).Sáenz de Oíza was a university professor in the Installations and Energy Areas at the University of Madrid.For him,concepts such as indoor comfort,lighting,heat production,cooling,and solar houses were an indispensable part of the student’s learning and,of course,he included them in his building design.He applied these concepts in the Banco de Bilbao Headquarters.Therefore,the purpose of this paper will be to examine the Banco de Bilbao technical knowledge in depth-including its passive architectonical design-and to present the main good decisions(and mistakes)of this first low-energy Spanish building after almost 30 years of intensive use,to extend its lessons for future buildings.

A Common Prosperity

As China celebrates 40 years of reform and opening up,it shares mutual development with Africa The default impression of China for many foreigners three or four decades ago was kungfu movies.However,things have changed and the country has transformed into a land of highspeed