We build an experiment system based on total reflection(TR) method to observe the evolution of real contact area of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the continual stick-slip movement. The bilateral friction is adopted...We build an experiment system based on total reflection(TR) method to observe the evolution of real contact area of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the continual stick-slip movement. The bilateral friction is adopted to overcome the bending moment in the lateral friction movement. Besides some classical phenomena of stick-slip movement such as periodical slow increase of frictional force in sticking phase and a sudden drop when slipping, a special phenomenon that the contact area increases with the tangential force is observed, which was called junction growth by Tabor in 1959.Image processing methods are developed to observe the variation of the junction area. The results show that the center of the strongest contact region will keep sticking under the tangential force until the whole slipping, the strongest point undergoes three stages in one cycle, which are named as sticking stage, fretting stage, and cracking stage, respectively. The combined analysis reveals a physical process of stick-slip movement: the tangential force causes the increase of the real contact area, which reduces the pressure between the contact spots and finally leads to the slipping. Once slipping occurs,the real contact area drops to the original level resulting in the pressure increase to the original level, which makes the sticking happen again.展开更多
The gold concentration areas in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula constituted an important gold metallogenetic region in Eastern China during the Mesozoic. The deep geological bodies＇ texture characteristic is impo...The gold concentration areas in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula constituted an important gold metallogenetic region in Eastern China during the Mesozoic. The deep geological bodies＇ texture characteristic is important for exploring the resources thoroughly and understanding the metallogenic process. The detailed textures were revealed using high-resolution seismic profiles through the three major ore-controlling structures-Sanshandao fault zone, Jiaojia fault zone and Zhaoping fault zone. This study aims to establish a deep structural framework of this area. Based on their formation mechanism, the fault structures developed in the area can be divided into regional and local fault structures. The structural styles are characterised by superimposing their compressional, strike-slip and extensional multi-stage activities. The crust is cut by vertical structures corresponding to a left-lateral strike-slip fault system on the surface. Nearby these structures are the arc-shape structures formed by multi-stage magma intrusions into the upper crust. Bounded by the Tancheng–Lujiang and Muping–Jimo fault zones, the current Jiaodong block, developed a series of NE-trending strike-slip fault systems, was probably formed by the assemblage of several obliquely aligned blocks. The intensive magmatism and hydrothermal activity between the blocks induced large-scale mineralisation. It provides a new angle of view for understanding the cratonic destruction and large ore-concentration formed during the Mesozoic.展开更多
The evolution process and petroleum significance of two groups of fault structures,the NW-SE trending and near EW trending ones in the Cenozoic of Dongping-Niuzhong area of the Altyn slope,Qaidam Basin,were investigat...The evolution process and petroleum significance of two groups of fault structures,the NW-SE trending and near EW trending ones in the Cenozoic of Dongping-Niuzhong area of the Altyn slope,Qaidam Basin,were investigated using high precision 3-D seismic data.The NW-SE faults were generated in Oligocene,causing the formation of a series of folds related to transpression faults in the Niuzhong and Dongping area.After the Miocene,with the continuous extension of the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault zone,the EW trending faults began to develop massively in Altyn slope.The activity of near EW trending faults and large-scale uplift of the bedrock in the northern Niuzhong area shared most of the compression torsion in Niuzhong and Dongping area,consequently,the activity of NW-SE trending faults weakened significantly after the Miocene.Then good hydrocarbon source rocks developed in the inherited Jurassic sags.The faults were effective pathways for oil and gas migration in Dongping and Niuzhong areas,and the oil and gas charging time matched well with the formation period of the NW-SE trending faults and their related structures,making the fault-related anticlines favorable targets for oil and gas accumulation.The Niuzhong area has been less affected by the Cenozoic movement after the Miocene,and thus has better conditions for gas reservoir preservation.展开更多
库车—沙雅地区位于塔里木克拉通北部,近年来该地区地震具有频次不断增多、震级不断增大、时间间隔逐渐缩短的趋势.本文利用中国地震台网中心2017年1月—2022年12月震相走时和宽频带数据,通过重新定位、CAP(Cut And Paste)方法获得了库...库车—沙雅地区位于塔里木克拉通北部,近年来该地区地震具有频次不断增多、震级不断增大、时间间隔逐渐缩短的趋势.本文利用中国地震台网中心2017年1月—2022年12月震相走时和宽频带数据,通过重新定位、CAP(Cut And Paste)方法获得了库车—沙雅地区1257个精定位及84个震源机制解结果,同时利用区域应力场反演方法获得研究区应力场结果.结合区域地质构造背景、人工地震剖面等方面综合研究库车—沙雅地区的孕震特征与发震机理,确定发震断裂及其活动特征,获得以下认知:(1)研究区地震的空间分布与“X”型走滑断裂分布相一致.(2)研究区的震源机制解,主要以走滑为主,结合人工地震剖面,确定了库车—沙雅中小地震的发震断层为研究区奥陶—寒武系中的NNE、NNW向共轭走滑断裂体系,通过应力场反演获得了库车—沙雅地区NNW向的应力场分布格局,且具有较好的一致性.(3)最大地震库车M_(S)5.6地震节面Ⅰ走向77°,倾角90°,滑动角7°;节面Ⅱ走向347°,倾角83°,滑动角-180°,矩震级M_(W)5.16,矩心深度为8.0 km,推测此次地震的发震断层为本文编号为F_(Ⅱ)18走滑断层.本文结合多学科资料对库车—沙雅地区中小地震发震构造进行详尽探讨,并分析了该地区区域应力场特征,为该地区发震断层活动性及地震危险趋势提供一定参考依据.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11872033)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.3172017)
文摘We build an experiment system based on total reflection(TR) method to observe the evolution of real contact area of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the continual stick-slip movement. The bilateral friction is adopted to overcome the bending moment in the lateral friction movement. Besides some classical phenomena of stick-slip movement such as periodical slow increase of frictional force in sticking phase and a sudden drop when slipping, a special phenomenon that the contact area increases with the tangential force is observed, which was called junction growth by Tabor in 1959.Image processing methods are developed to observe the variation of the junction area. The results show that the center of the strongest contact region will keep sticking under the tangential force until the whole slipping, the strongest point undergoes three stages in one cycle, which are named as sticking stage, fretting stage, and cracking stage, respectively. The combined analysis reveals a physical process of stick-slip movement: the tangential force causes the increase of the real contact area, which reduces the pressure between the contact spots and finally leads to the slipping. Once slipping occurs,the real contact area drops to the original level resulting in the pressure increase to the original level, which makes the sticking happen again.
基金supported by a project of Special Research on Land and Research Public Welfare Industry(201511029)founded by Ministry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China
文摘The gold concentration areas in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula constituted an important gold metallogenetic region in Eastern China during the Mesozoic. The deep geological bodies＇ texture characteristic is important for exploring the resources thoroughly and understanding the metallogenic process. The detailed textures were revealed using high-resolution seismic profiles through the three major ore-controlling structures-Sanshandao fault zone, Jiaojia fault zone and Zhaoping fault zone. This study aims to establish a deep structural framework of this area. Based on their formation mechanism, the fault structures developed in the area can be divided into regional and local fault structures. The structural styles are characterised by superimposing their compressional, strike-slip and extensional multi-stage activities. The crust is cut by vertical structures corresponding to a left-lateral strike-slip fault system on the surface. Nearby these structures are the arc-shape structures formed by multi-stage magma intrusions into the upper crust. Bounded by the Tancheng–Lujiang and Muping–Jimo fault zones, the current Jiaodong block, developed a series of NE-trending strike-slip fault systems, was probably formed by the assemblage of several obliquely aligned blocks. The intensive magmatism and hydrothermal activity between the blocks induced large-scale mineralisation. It provides a new angle of view for understanding the cratonic destruction and large ore-concentration formed during the Mesozoic.
基金Supported by the PetroChina Project(2016ZX05003-006).
文摘The evolution process and petroleum significance of two groups of fault structures,the NW-SE trending and near EW trending ones in the Cenozoic of Dongping-Niuzhong area of the Altyn slope,Qaidam Basin,were investigated using high precision 3-D seismic data.The NW-SE faults were generated in Oligocene,causing the formation of a series of folds related to transpression faults in the Niuzhong and Dongping area.After the Miocene,with the continuous extension of the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault zone,the EW trending faults began to develop massively in Altyn slope.The activity of near EW trending faults and large-scale uplift of the bedrock in the northern Niuzhong area shared most of the compression torsion in Niuzhong and Dongping area,consequently,the activity of NW-SE trending faults weakened significantly after the Miocene.Then good hydrocarbon source rocks developed in the inherited Jurassic sags.The faults were effective pathways for oil and gas migration in Dongping and Niuzhong areas,and the oil and gas charging time matched well with the formation period of the NW-SE trending faults and their related structures,making the fault-related anticlines favorable targets for oil and gas accumulation.The Niuzhong area has been less affected by the Cenozoic movement after the Miocene,and thus has better conditions for gas reservoir preservation.
文摘库车—沙雅地区位于塔里木克拉通北部,近年来该地区地震具有频次不断增多、震级不断增大、时间间隔逐渐缩短的趋势.本文利用中国地震台网中心2017年1月—2022年12月震相走时和宽频带数据,通过重新定位、CAP(Cut And Paste)方法获得了库车—沙雅地区1257个精定位及84个震源机制解结果,同时利用区域应力场反演方法获得研究区应力场结果.结合区域地质构造背景、人工地震剖面等方面综合研究库车—沙雅地区的孕震特征与发震机理,确定发震断裂及其活动特征,获得以下认知:(1)研究区地震的空间分布与“X”型走滑断裂分布相一致.(2)研究区的震源机制解,主要以走滑为主,结合人工地震剖面,确定了库车—沙雅中小地震的发震断层为研究区奥陶—寒武系中的NNE、NNW向共轭走滑断裂体系,通过应力场反演获得了库车—沙雅地区NNW向的应力场分布格局,且具有较好的一致性.(3)最大地震库车M_(S)5.6地震节面Ⅰ走向77°,倾角90°,滑动角7°;节面Ⅱ走向347°,倾角83°,滑动角-180°,矩震级M_(W)5.16,矩心深度为8.0 km,推测此次地震的发震断层为本文编号为F_(Ⅱ)18走滑断层.本文结合多学科资料对库车—沙雅地区中小地震发震构造进行详尽探讨,并分析了该地区区域应力场特征,为该地区发震断层活动性及地震危险趋势提供一定参考依据.
