The significant difference between the mechanical properties of soft rock and hard rock results in the complexity of the failure mode of the anti-dip layered slope with soft and hard rock interbedding.In order to reve...The significant difference between the mechanical properties of soft rock and hard rock results in the complexity of the failure mode of the anti-dip layered slope with soft and hard rock interbedding.In order to reveal the landslide mechanism,taking the north slope of Fushun West Open-pit Mine as an example,this paper analyzed the failure mechanism of different landslides with monitoring and field surveys,and simulated the evolution of landslides.The study indicated that when the green mudstone(hard rock)of the anti-dip slope contains siltized intercalations(soft rock),the existence of weak layers not only aggravates the toppling deformation of anti-dip layered slope with high dip,but also causes the shear failure of anti-dip layered slope with stable low dip.The shear failure including subsidence induced sliding and wedge failure mainly exists in the unloading zone of the slope.Its failure depth and failure time were far less than that of toppling failure.In terms of the development characteristics of deformation,toppling deformation has the long-term and progressive characteristics,but shear failure deformation has the abrupt and transient characteristics.This study has deepened the understanding of such slope landslide mechanism,and can provide reference for similar engineering.展开更多
Soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes,which is prone to failure,are widely distributed in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China.Limit equilibrium method(LEM)is commonly used to analyze the stability of bedding rock...Soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes,which is prone to failure,are widely distributed in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China.Limit equilibrium method(LEM)is commonly used to analyze the stability of bedding rock slopes that have a single failure plane.However,this method cannot accurately estimate the stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes because the strength parameters of a soft and hard interbedded rock mass vary spatially along the bedding plane and deteriorate with time due to periodic fluctuations of reservoir level.A modified LEM is proposed to evaluate the stability evolution of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes considering the spatial variation and temporal deterioration of shear strength parameters of rock masses and bedding planes.In the modified LEM,the S-curve model is used to define the spatial variation of shear strength parameters,and general deterioration equations of shear strength parameters with the increasing number of wettingdrying cycles(WDC)are proposed to describe the temporal deterioration.Also,this method is applied to evaluate the stability evolution of a soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slope,located at the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results show that neglecting the spatial variation and temporal deterioration of shear strength parameters may overestimate slope stability.Finally,the modified LEM provides useful guidance to reasonably evaluate the long-term stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes in reservoir area.展开更多
为研究曲线段大直径盾构隧道在上软下硬地层对管片上浮的影响,针对曲线段盾构隧道施工开挖面支护力、管片上浮的施工风险因素进行研究,采用极限平衡法研究开挖面支护力稳定性的影响,对开挖产生的不规则类棱台型土体进行横向竖向受力分析...为研究曲线段大直径盾构隧道在上软下硬地层对管片上浮的影响,针对曲线段盾构隧道施工开挖面支护力、管片上浮的施工风险因素进行研究,采用极限平衡法研究开挖面支护力稳定性的影响,对开挖产生的不规则类棱台型土体进行横向竖向受力分析,建立静力平衡方程,求解开挖面处于极限平衡时的极限支护力.进一步研究开挖面支护力、曲线段大直径盾构隧道在上软下硬地层掘进对管片上浮的影响,并且分析影响管片上浮的地质以及盾构掘进姿态等因素,提出相应盾构管片上浮综合控制措施.结果表明:当破裂角φ_(1)=29.0°,φ_(2)=25.5°时,极限支护力T=128.5 k Pa.应合理控制盾构掘进姿态,保证合理的支护力,防止在上软下硬地层大直径盾构盾尾注浆滞后以及浆液硬化滞后,隧道产生偏离曲线掘进轴线的上下摆动,造成管片上浮;对于上浮比较严重的区域,可以采用双液注浆法,阻止管片上浮;对于已经产生管片上浮的区域,可以采取“上压下放”的方式增加隧道的配重或采用抗拔装置施加外力来抵抗地下水上浮量.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFC2903902 and 2022YFC2903903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1903216 and 52174070).
文摘The significant difference between the mechanical properties of soft rock and hard rock results in the complexity of the failure mode of the anti-dip layered slope with soft and hard rock interbedding.In order to reveal the landslide mechanism,taking the north slope of Fushun West Open-pit Mine as an example,this paper analyzed the failure mechanism of different landslides with monitoring and field surveys,and simulated the evolution of landslides.The study indicated that when the green mudstone(hard rock)of the anti-dip slope contains siltized intercalations(soft rock),the existence of weak layers not only aggravates the toppling deformation of anti-dip layered slope with high dip,but also causes the shear failure of anti-dip layered slope with stable low dip.The shear failure including subsidence induced sliding and wedge failure mainly exists in the unloading zone of the slope.Its failure depth and failure time were far less than that of toppling failure.In terms of the development characteristics of deformation,toppling deformation has the long-term and progressive characteristics,but shear failure deformation has the abrupt and transient characteristics.This study has deepened the understanding of such slope landslide mechanism,and can provide reference for similar engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.42377182 and 42090054)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3080200)。
文摘Soft and hard interbedded bedding rock slopes,which is prone to failure,are widely distributed in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China.Limit equilibrium method(LEM)is commonly used to analyze the stability of bedding rock slopes that have a single failure plane.However,this method cannot accurately estimate the stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes because the strength parameters of a soft and hard interbedded rock mass vary spatially along the bedding plane and deteriorate with time due to periodic fluctuations of reservoir level.A modified LEM is proposed to evaluate the stability evolution of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes considering the spatial variation and temporal deterioration of shear strength parameters of rock masses and bedding planes.In the modified LEM,the S-curve model is used to define the spatial variation of shear strength parameters,and general deterioration equations of shear strength parameters with the increasing number of wettingdrying cycles(WDC)are proposed to describe the temporal deterioration.Also,this method is applied to evaluate the stability evolution of a soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slope,located at the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results show that neglecting the spatial variation and temporal deterioration of shear strength parameters may overestimate slope stability.Finally,the modified LEM provides useful guidance to reasonably evaluate the long-term stability of soft and hard interbedded bedding reservoir slopes in reservoir area.
文摘为研究曲线段大直径盾构隧道在上软下硬地层对管片上浮的影响,针对曲线段盾构隧道施工开挖面支护力、管片上浮的施工风险因素进行研究,采用极限平衡法研究开挖面支护力稳定性的影响,对开挖产生的不规则类棱台型土体进行横向竖向受力分析,建立静力平衡方程,求解开挖面处于极限平衡时的极限支护力.进一步研究开挖面支护力、曲线段大直径盾构隧道在上软下硬地层掘进对管片上浮的影响,并且分析影响管片上浮的地质以及盾构掘进姿态等因素,提出相应盾构管片上浮综合控制措施.结果表明:当破裂角φ_(1)=29.0°,φ_(2)=25.5°时,极限支护力T=128.5 k Pa.应合理控制盾构掘进姿态,保证合理的支护力,防止在上软下硬地层大直径盾构盾尾注浆滞后以及浆液硬化滞后,隧道产生偏离曲线掘进轴线的上下摆动,造成管片上浮;对于上浮比较严重的区域,可以采用双液注浆法,阻止管片上浮;对于已经产生管片上浮的区域,可以采取“上压下放”的方式增加隧道的配重或采用抗拔装置施加外力来抵抗地下水上浮量.
