A novel slotted helix slow-wave structure for high power Ka-band traveling-wave tubes

A novel slotted helix slow-wave structure （SWS） is proposed to develop a high power, wide-bandwidth, and high reliability millimeter-wave traveling-wave tube （TWT）. This novel structure, which has higher heat capacity than a conven- tional helix SWS, evolves from conventional helix SWS with three parallel rows of rectangular slots made in the outside of the helix tape. In this paper, the electromagnetic characteristics and the beam-wave interaction of this novel structure operating in the Ka-band are investigated. From our calculations, when the designed beam voltage and beam current are set to be 18.45 kV and 0.2 A, respectively, this novel circuit can produce over 700-W average output power in a frequency range from 27.5 GHz to 32.5 GHz, and the corresponding conversion efficiency values vary from 19% to 21.3%, and the maximum output power is 787 W at 30 GHz.

Simulations of a two-stream backward-wave oscillator with a slot-hole structure

We study a two-stream backward-wave oscillator with a slot-hole structure at short millimeter waves with the help of a three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. In order to increase the interaction region of the electron beam, the efficiency and the output power, a slot-hole loaded rectangular waveguide structure used as the high-frequency system is proposed. Based on the mechanism of the backward-wave oscillator, a slow-wave oscillator with a frequency of 0.14 THz is designed. The simulations show that the output power and the efficiency of the oscillator can be enhanced due to the coupling between the two beams through the slot holes. The interaction efficiency is 5.18%, and the starting current density is below 5 A. cm^-2 for the two beams. These attractive results indicate that, based on the two-stream backward-wave oscillator, we can get short millimeter wave sources with high power and low current density.

A model for the scattering of long waves by slotted breakwaters in the presence of currents

Slotted breakwaters have been used to provide economical protection from waves in harbors where surface waves and currents may co-exist. In this paper, the effects of currents on the wave scattering by slotted breakwaters are investigated by using a simple model. The model is based on a long wave approximation. The effects of wave height, barrier geometry and current strength on the reflection and transmission coefficients are examined by the model. The model results are compared with recent experimental data. It is found that both the wave-following and wave-opposing currents can increase the reflection coefficient and reduce the transmission coefficient. The model can be used to study the interaction between long waves and slotted breakwaters in coastal waters.

Reflection and transmission of regular waves at a surface-pitching slotted barrier

The interactions between regular surface waves and a surface-pitching slotted barrier are investigated both analytically and experimentally. A quasi-linear theory is developed using the eigenfunction expansion method. The energy dissipation within the barriers is modeled by a quadratic friction factor, and an equivalent linear dissipation coefficient, which is depth-varying, wave-height dependent, is introduced to linearize the matching condition at the surface-pitching barrier. By comparing the theoretical results with laboratory experiments, it is shown that the present method can satisfactorily predict the variation of the reflection and transmission coefficients with wave height.

Design of a Microwave Filter Based on a Novel Negative Coupling Structure with Conical Through-Hole

This article introduces the design theory of ceramic waveguide filter and proposes a new type of negative coupling structure with a conical throughhole,which has fine-adjustment of negative coupling without significantly increasing the insertion loss of the filter.Based on this,the article proposes an eightcavity ceramic waveguide filter design for 5G base stations.It also presents a detailed discussion on the influence of the cross-coupling slot lengths L2 and L4 on the transmission zeros positions during the filter optimization process and the relevant change rules.For the proposed optimized filter,the observed performance indicators include the center frequency of 3.5 GHz,working bandwidth of 200 MHz,an insertion loss of≤2.0 dB,return loss of≥19 dB,and out-of-band nearend suppression and out-of-band far-end suppression of≥39 dB and≥63 dB,respectively.The test performance results obtained for the sample,with structural parameters as per the simulation model,were in good agreement with the simulation results.

Linear theory of beam–wave interaction in double-slot coupled cavity travelling wave tube

A three-dimensional model of the double-slot coupled cavity slow-wave structure （CCSWS） with a solid round elec- tron beam for the beam-wave interaction is presented. Based on the ＂cold＂ dispersion, the ＂hot＂ dispersion equation is derived with the Maxwell equations by using the variable separation method and the field-matching method. Through numerical calculations, the effects of the electron beam parameters and the staggered angle between adjacent walls on the linear gain are analyzed.

基于自发数据传输的高效双LAN太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议

针对现有的双局域网(LAN)太赫兹无线局域网(Dual-LAN THz WLAN)相关介质访问控制(MAC)协议中存在的某些节点会在多个超帧内重复发送相同的信道时隙请求帧以申请时隙资源以及网络运行的一些时段存在空闲时隙等问题,提出一种基于自发数据传输的高效MAC协议——SDTE-MAC(high-Efficiency MAC protocol based on Spontaneous Data Transmission)。SDTE-MAC通过让各节点都维护一张或多张时间单元链表,使各节点与其余节点在网络运行时间上达到同步,从而获悉各节点应该在信道空闲时隙的什么位置开始发送数据帧,优化了传统的信道时隙分配和信道剩余时隙再分配的流程,提高了网络吞吐量和信道时隙利用率,降低了数据时延,能够进一步提升双LAN太赫兹无线局域网的性能。仿真结果表明,网络饱和时,相较于AHT-MAC(Adaptive High Throughout multi-pan MAC protocol)中的N-CTAP(Normal Channel Time Allocation Period)时段时隙资源分配新机制以及自适应缩短超帧时段机制,SDTE-MAC的MAC层吞吐量提升了9.2%,信道时隙利用率提升了10.9%,数据时延降低了22.2%。

开槽机器人履带支撑架有限元分析及优化

履带支撑架作为开槽机器人履带底盘的重要支撑构件,其性能的好坏直接决定了开槽机器人的使用寿命。为进一步提高履带支撑架的结构可靠性并避免履带支撑架在使用中产生共振现象,文中基于有限元分析软件Ansys Workbench对履带支撑架进行有限元分析,通过静力学分析得出履带支撑架的变形及应力情况并针对履带支撑架的不足之处提出改进方案,改善了履带支撑架的应力分布情况,使其结构更加合理。然后对改进后履带支撑架进行模态分析,得出前10阶的固有频率与最大位移,反映出履带支撑架在不同频率下的动态特性。经过对履带支撑架的有限元分析,可以得出其结构的合理性,并为履带支撑架的机构设计与使用情况提供理论参考。

CFRP-木结构波纹钢填板螺栓节点力学性能正交试验研究

为了明确异型截面钢填板对节点性能的影响,为木结构异型钢填板螺栓节点提供安全性的设计经验,提出CFRP-木结构波纹钢填板螺栓节点,在正交试验设计条件下开展单轴顺纹拉伸试验研究.试验发现,节点具有多种受力特征,包括木构件剪切破坏、顺纹向张开型断裂(TL断裂)、端部顺纹压溃、CFRP断裂和螺栓弯折等形式;节点在受力过程中没有明显屈服阶段,主要经历线弹性阶段、断裂失效过渡阶段和断裂失效阶段.通过正交参数分析得到不同因素对所提节点主要力学性能的影响程度及规律.结果表明:各因素对极限强度和延性的影响比对弹性刚度的影响显著,且波角和波高为主要影响因素.极限强度与波角负相关且随着波高的增大呈波动变化,延性与波角和波高负相关.

基于阻抗变换槽线的三维超宽带微波吸收体研究

文中提出了一种基于阻抗变换槽线的三维超宽带微波吸收体设计方法,该设计采用多节切比雪夫匹配槽线结构和薄膜电阻,有效解决了传统电路模拟吸收体设计方法中介质基板的介电常数和方阻值不连续性的问题。通过精确求解电路参数并映射到物理尺寸,实现了一套超宽带微波吸收体的通用综合设计方法。所提出的吸收体展现了显著的实用性和高效性,在电磁隐身中具有广泛的应用价值。

竖缝式鱼道桩柱结构过鱼效果探究

为优化鱼道池室结构,提升鱼类洄游效果,以常规竖缝式鱼道为原型,以齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)为试验对象,通过数值模拟和对照性过鱼试验,比较分析了4种池室内部增加与未增加桩柱的水流结构。结果表明,在鱼道主流中间增设桩柱结构,可以有效减小回流区面积,减幅达49%,并可减小竖缝处的紊动能,最大减少18%;增加鱼类上溯路线分布,提高了池室空间利用率。2种结构的上溯轨迹分析发现,齐口裂腹鱼多选择回流区外侧上溯,避免进入回流区中心,即选择较高的水力应变与紊动能区域作为上溯方向,且上溯路线中偏好较低水力因子区域,上溯偏好流速为0.01~0.09 m/s,紊动能为0.001~0.008 m^(2)/s^(2),水力应变为0.2~3.0/s。体型Ⅱ鱼道通过在主流位置增加桩柱结构,形成了多股水流,有效减小回流区的占比,提高了鱼道池室空间利用率,为鱼类的上溯路径提供了更多选择。

太赫兹低损耗金刚石-无氧铜输能窗研究

首次开展太赫兹金刚石-无氧铜盒型输能窗研究,利用低损耗的无氧铜材料代替传统可伐合金材料,显著降低输能窗传输损耗、提高器件输出功率。为降低无氧铜与金刚石热膨胀系数严重不匹配造成的封接应力,提出一种多槽应力释放结构,将金刚石表面封接应力由210 MPa减小至50 MPa,小于金刚石与无氧铜组合抗拉件的平均封接强度116.2 MPa。根据设计结果,开展金刚石-无氧铜输能窗封接试验,氦漏率≤1×10^(-11)(Pa·m^(3))/s,实现了气密封接。测试金刚石-无氧铜输能窗传输损耗为0.7 dB,比采用金刚石-可伐输能窗的传输损耗减小2 dB,即输出功率可以提高60%,为研制大功率太赫兹源奠定了重要关键技术基础。

基于改进UNet的轨旁槽盖板状态检测算法

针对当前高铁轨旁电缆槽盖板检测方法自动化程度和检查效率低等问题,提出一种基于改进UNet的槽盖板检测模型。在编码部分引入两种不同的残差结构,避免梯度消失等问题,同时融合SA注意力机制,抑制背景干扰,进一步提升槽盖板状态的检测能力。实验结果表明,该算法达到的MPA、MIoU分别为95.03%、90.88%。相较于UNet等其他分割网络,该算法能更好地分割出槽盖板区域。

一种终端间隙结构的波导缝隙阵列平板天线

为降低传统的波导缝隙阵列平板天线加工难度,提高环境适应性,分析了波导终端间隙结构对辐射波导输入阻抗的影响,提出了一种终端间隙结构的波导缝隙阵列平板天线,并给出了设计方法及22×4阵元Ka波段阵列的仿真结果。仿真结果表明:终端间隙尺寸较小时,终端间隙结构的波导缝隙阵列天线与传统的波导缝隙阵列天线性能基本一致;终端间隙结构的阵列在生产加工、环境适应性方面,具有较好的优势。

基于定子槽结构优化的交流牵引电机电磁降噪设计方法

针对交流牵引电机存在电磁噪声过大的问题,提出一种基于定子槽结构优化的电磁降噪设计方法。在分析交流牵引电机产生电磁噪声机理的基础上,针对其定子槽底部开槽降噪的具体设计方法及其开槽位置与槽口参数优化展开了研究。通过技术验证,同时对开槽处理前后进行了对比分析,结果表明:采用所提出的交流牵引电机定子槽结构优化方法在保持效率不变的情况下对电磁降噪具有显著效果。

航空发动机深孔槽结构电解加工流场仿真

为了提高航空发动机零部件深孔槽结构的加工精度和稳定性,文中根据深孔槽结构特点及电解液正流式流动方式,设计了一种带有偏置结构的加工阴极,采用理论分析和仿真模拟的方法,分析了加工阴极缓冲板和出液孔排布方式对流场分布的影响规律。仿真结果表明:在加工阴极上增设带有出液孔的缓冲板,可以提高流场稳定性和流速分布的均匀性,满足加工稳定性和加工精度的要求。结论可为深孔槽结构高精度电解加工提供参考。

轮毂电机驱动车轮不平衡电磁力分析

为分析电机齿槽形状、极对数和不同类型的偏心等因素对轮毂电机不平衡电磁力的影响,对表贴式外转子永磁同步轮毂电机建立有限元模型,基于电磁仿真,得到气隙处磁场密度图像。研究结果表明:电机齿槽的开口尺寸、齿槽的对称程度以及齿槽是否采用圆角均会影响不平衡电磁力数值;极对数的改变显著影响电机整体磁场密度的分布,随着极对数的增加,气隙磁场密度显著增大,不平衡电磁力呈类指数级增大且分布更均匀;不同类型的偏心均会导致电机不平衡电磁力的增加,其中在动偏心和混合偏心下不平衡力产生复杂谐波,其基波周期增大的倍数均与极对数呈现相关性。

长螺杆加强型胶合木梁柱节点力学性能

胶合木梁柱螺栓钢填板节点由于抗弯刚度较低,在结构设计中通常被视为铰接。提出了一种长螺杆加强型胶合木梁柱节点,为无支撑或剪力墙的中高层木结构体系中提供较好的刚性连接。设计并加工了3组不同长螺杆直径的节点试件,通过单调加载和往复加载试验探究了节点的抗弯刚度、抗弯承载力、破坏模式及耗能性能。通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立了节点力学模型,模拟结果与试验结果较为吻合,并基于该模型开展了参数分析。结果表明:该节点具有较高的抗弯刚度与抗弯承载力,经过合理构造后节点损伤主要集中在长螺杆,而长螺杆在破坏后易于更换,可提高节点韧性与使用寿命。参数分析结果表明,转动刚度与长螺杆直径及力臂呈正相关。基于试验与模拟的结果,提出了该类节点抗弯刚度及抗弯承载力的计算方法,为其在实际工程中的设计与应用提供参考。

轴向磁通切换永磁电机研究进展综述

轴向磁通切换永磁电机(ASFPM)结合了轴向磁通永磁电机与磁通切换电机的特征,凭借其轴向长度短、结构紧凑、功率高、转矩密度高、散热方便等优势,在电动汽车、电动飞机、风力发电等领域广泛应用。介绍了ASFPM电机典型拓扑结构,在电机设计与分析方法、齿槽转矩抑制技术、损耗与热性能分析与优化、控制技术、应用分析等方面对国内外研究现状及进展进行综述,并对该类电机当前的应用情况进行整理。基于ASFPM电机的研究现状,对未来的研究方向进行了探讨。

重介浅槽分选机结构优化及效果分析

针对重介浅槽分选机在矿石分选过程中存在的效率低下、分选效果不理想等问题,进行了结构优化和工艺参数优化研究。通过改进分选机的内部结构和优化工艺参数,以及引入智能控制系统,实现了分选效果的显著提升。实验结果表明,优化后的重介浅槽分选机在提高分选效率和分选精度方面具有明显的优势。