Simulation of Ultra-slow Oscillations Using the Integrate and Fire Neuron Model

The Integrate and Fire (IF) neuron model wasusedto simulate ultra-slow oscillations that were observed in cortical cultures. Simulation of a network with 2 sub-networks is conducted in this study. We introduced an additional equation that governs the generation and dissipation of an inhibitory property to each of the sub-network.Sub-networks that fire at different rate are generated from the simulation. The network activity from the simulation oscillates at frequencies that are comparable to ultra-slow oscillations observed in cortical cultures.

Modified slow-fast analysis method for slow-fast dynamical systems with two scales in frequency domain

A modified slow-fast analysis method is presented for the periodically excited non-autonomous dynamical system with an order gap between the exciting frequency and the natural frequency.By regarding the exciting term as a slow-varying parameter,a generalized autonomous fast subsystem can be defined,the equilibrium branches as well as the bifurcations of which can be employed to account for the mechanism of the bursting oscillations by combining the transformed phase portrait introduced.As an example,a typical periodically excited Hartley model is used to demonstrate the validness of the method,in which the exciting frequency is far less than the natural frequency.The equilibrium branches and their bifurcations of the fast subsystem with the variation of the slow-varying parameter are presented.Bursting oscillations for two typical cases are considered,which reveals that,fold bifurcation may cause the the trajectory to jump between different equilibrium branches,while Hopf bifurcation may cause the trajectory to oscillate around the stable limit cycle.

Research of sine waveguide slow-wave structure for a 220-GHz backward wave oscillator

A watt-class backward wave oscillator is proposed, using the concise sine waveguide slow-wave structure combined with a pencil electron beam to operate at 220 GHz. Firstly, the dispersion curve of the sine waveguide is calculated, then, the oscillation frequency and operating voltage of the device are predicted and the circuit transmission loss is calculated. Finally, the particle-in-cell simulation method is used to forecast its radiation performance. The results show that this novel backward wave oscillator can produce over 1-W continuous wave power output in a frequency range from 210 GHz to 230 GHz. Therefore, it will be considered as a very promising high-power millimeter-wave to terahertz-wave radiation source.

Effects of Quantum well Size Alteration on Excitonic Population Oscillation Slow Light Devices Properties

This paper investigates the effects of quantum well size changes on center frequency and slow down factor of an slow light device. In this way, we consider the quantum well size alteration effects on oscillator strength and binding energy of exciton. First, we investigate the variations in oscillator strength of exciton due to different quantum well size. Second, exciton binding energy level shift due to size of quantum well is investigated. According to this analysis, we have developed a new method for tuning slow light device bandwidth center frequency and slow down factor. Analysis and simulation of a basic GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells optical slow light device based on excitonic population oscillation shows that size of quantum wells could tune both of the frequency properties and slow down factor of an optical slow light device. In our simulation with 34 quantum wells each with the width of 60?, we have received the slow down factor of more than 60,000. These achievements are useful in optical nonlinearity enhancements, all-optical signal processing applications and optical communications.

Frequency Tunability and Slow-Wave Characteristics of a High-Efficiency Ridged MILO

A high-efficiency ridged magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (RMILO) is proposed and investigated theoretically and numerically in this paper. In the RMILO, ridge-disk vanes are introduced to enhance the power efficiency. Theoretical investigation shows that the ridge-disk can enhance the coupling impedance of the slow-wave structure (SWS), and so enhance the power efficiency. Moreover, the ridge has a weak influence on frequency, so, it influences little on the tunability of the MILO. In simulation, when the applied voltage is increased to 807 kV, the RMILO can get the 3 dB tunable frequency range with 7.6 - 13.9 GHz and the 3 dB tuning bandwidth with 58.6% which has an increase of 27.6% compared with the conventional MILO. So, the tuning performance of the RMILO is more superior. Besides, the RMILO gets the maximum output power of 7.1 GW, the corresponding power efficiency is 22.6% and the frequency is 1.400 GHz. Furthermore, when the applied voltage is increased to 807 kV, high-power microwave with a power of 13.5 GW, frequency of 1.400 GHz, and ef?ciency of 24.5% is generated, which has an increase of 20.2% compared with the conventional MILO. The simulation results con?rm the ones predicted by theoretical analysis.

Simulation and Characteristics Improvement of Quantum Dot Slow Light Devices by Geometrical Dimension Alteration

In this paper we simulate and analyze a sample of slow light semiconducting device with quantum dot structure based on coherent population oscillation (CPO). The simulation is conducted to enhance the main parameters of slow light device and a method is presented for setting the output specifications of this kind of devices. In this paper, we deal with changing the size of quantum dot to find the ideal size. The simulation results indicate that as the size of quantum dot changes properly (with reducing more than 50 percent of quantum dots both radius and height), then the slope of diagram of the real part of refractive index increases significantly so that the Slow Down Factor (SDF) predicted to be18 times greater. Analysis and simulations based on cylinderical quantum dots structure slow light devices based on exitonic cpo.

结合精英初始化和K近邻的蛇优化算法

蛇优化算法(SO)是一种受自然界中蛇生存行为启发产生的元启发式优化算法。原始蛇优化算法存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优的问题,因此提出了一种结合精英初始化和K近邻的改进蛇优化算法(elite initia-lization and K-nearest neighbors improved snake optimizer,EKISO)。首先,为了提高初始种群质量,在种群初始化阶段提出精英初始化的方法,根据种群精英个体产生优质初始种群个体;其次,通过振荡因子优化螺旋觅食策略扩大全局勘探阶段的搜索范围、提高算法的局部逃逸能力;最后,在局部开发阶段提出K近邻思想的位置更新方法,增强种群个体之间的信息交互能力,从而加快收敛速度、提高收敛精度。利用14个经典测试函数和4个CEC2017测试函数将该方法与其他7种优化算法进行对比,证明EKISO收敛速度更快、精度更高且不易陷入局部最优。为了进一步验证EKISO的实用性与可行性,将EKISO应用于压力容器设计问题中,通过实验对比分析可知,EKISO在处理实际优化问题上具有一定的优越性。

簇发振荡能量采集动力学理论研究进展

将自然环境中的振动能,通过能量采集装置转化为电能,为低功耗的电子器件提供清洁可持续的能源,对推动无线传感电子技术的发展具有重要意义.当环境的振动频率远低于采集装置的固有频率时,传统振动能量采集技术的采集效率将会明显降低,无法匹配低频的环境激励,而基于低频激励的簇发振荡通常表现为激发态的大幅振荡与沉寂态的微幅振荡的组合,具有大幅运动的高能轨道,在低频慢变激励的环境下依然保持较为良好的采集性能.因此,开展适应低频激励环境的能量采集技术的研究是很有必要.本文系统地概述了簇发振荡能量采集器的机电耦合能量转换装置、簇发振荡能量采集的动力学机理、簇发振荡能量采集的效率三个方面的研究进展.最后,给出了开展簇发振荡能量采集技术研究的一些建议.

基于T形四周期谐振慢波结构的X波段高功率微波产生技术的理论与仿真

优化设计了T形四周期谐振慢波结构,并进行了高频理论分析.利用镜像法将T形波导单元进行脊波导化等效设计,并通过等效电路分析了等效脊波导的高频特性,由此进行T形波导的谐振频率与结构解析理论分析.在此基础上构造了T形四周期谐振慢波结构,对该结构进行色散特性分析,确定谐振模式和频率,得到了模式同步电压范围.最后基于提出的T形周期谐振慢波结构进行对应的相对论扩展互作用辐射源的仿真验证.通过三维粒子仿真模拟分析及优化设计,在448 kV注电压、400 A注电流和0.4 T的均匀轴向磁场条件下,得到了频率为9.8 GHz、平均输出功率71.4 MW的高功率微波,对应电子效率为39.8%.本文提出的以T形波导为单元的新型谐振慢波结构有效地利用较少周期实现高效率、高功率微波产生,为高功率微波科学提供了有效的高频结构的紧凑化方案.

X波段低相噪蓝宝石振荡器

设计了一款低相噪蓝宝石振荡器并对其进行温度控制,基于蓝宝石谐振器理论,采用有限元仿真软件完成了蓝宝石谐振器设计。蓝宝石谐振器实测中心频率为9.84 GHz,有载Q值113 000。将该蓝宝石谐振器作为选频网络与放大器、滤波器、移相器和耦合器构成低相噪蓝宝石振荡器。振荡器的输出工作频率9.84 GHz,输出功率9 dBm,偏离载波1 kHz处相位噪声为-117 dBc/Hz,偏离载波10 kHz处相位噪声为-144 dBc/Hz,偏离载波100 kHz处相位噪声为-161 dBc/Hz。该振荡器有助于提高雷达对于低慢小目标的检测能力。

0.14THz返波管器件

对有限引导磁场环形电子束的色散曲线作了理论推导,并利用该色散关系数值计算了正弦慢波结构的色散曲线。采用KARAT模拟程序对0.14 THz返波管进行了粒子模拟,并在RADAN303脉冲源上开展了初步的实验研究,实验获得频率大于0.14 THz、脉冲宽度1-2 ns和辐射功率大于100 kW的太赫兹波输出。

W波段交错双栅返波振荡器高频系统

将矩形交错双栅结构作为慢波电路并提出与之配套的过渡结构和输出耦合器,设计了利用带状电子注工作在W波段的返波振荡器。提出的过渡结构和耦合器解决了该类直波导型器件的信号传输衰减大、反射强等难题。相对于传统圆形电子注器件,该器件得到了较大的功率提升。利用三维粒子模拟计算的方法,在电流12mA时通过调节工作电压,在92～98GHz频带内得到了数W的稳定平均功率输出,信号中心频率非常接近设计频率,且单色性好,谐波分量小。

紧凑型L波段磁绝缘线振荡器的实验研究

设计加工了一个紧凑型L波段磁绝缘线振荡器(MILO)并进行了实验研究。该MILO具有一个新型收集极和一个新型模式转换器,射频扼流腔减为一个,同时将阴极杆设计成变阻抗结构,该MILO由一台自建的600kV,8Ω,100ns加速器SPARK 01驱动。在二极管电压为515～538kV,二极管电流为58～61kA的条件下,该MILO在实验中获得了1.76～1.78GHz,2.2～2.5GW的TM01模高功率微波辐射,功率转换效率为7.3%～7.9%。在30ns的有效电压脉宽下,实验中测得微波脉冲半高宽为15ns。实验结果与模拟结果符合得较好。

0.14THz过模表面波振荡器初步实验研究

为获得大功率太赫兹源,对基于表面波振荡器的相对论太赫兹源进行了初步的实验研究。为便于机械加工和实验装配,器件采用过模矩形波导慢波结构。利用理论分析和数值模拟得到的参数,在CKP1000加速器上进行了实验。功率测量采用辐射场功率密度积分方法,频率测量采用截止波导滤波法。在电子束压为320kV、电子束流强度为2.1kA、引导磁场为5T条件下,实验获得频率0.136THz以上、脉冲宽度为1.5ns和辐射功率约2MW的太赫兹信号输出。

反馈时滞对van der Pol振子张弛振荡的影响

研究反馈控制环节时滞对van der Pol振子张弛振荡的影响.首先,通过稳定性切换分析,得到了系统的慢变流形的稳定性和分岔点分布图,结果表明,当时滞大于某临界值时,系统慢变流形的结构发生本质的变化.其次,基于几何奇异摄动理论,分析了慢变流形附近解轨线的形状,发现时滞反馈会引起张弛振荡中的慢速运动过程中存在微幅振荡,其中微幅振荡来自于内部层引起的振荡和Hopf分岔产生的振荡两个方面;同时,时滞对张弛振荡的周期也具有显著的影响.实例分析表明理论分析结果与数值结果相吻合.

藜芦碱引起神经元放电峰峰间期慢波振荡

为了研究Na通道失活门与受损背根节神经元放电型式的关系 ,在大鼠背根节慢性压迫模型上记录单纤维自发放电 ,观察与分析了Na通道失活门抑制剂藜芦碱(veratridine)引起峰峰间期慢波振荡的型式和特征。结果表明 :在阻断Na通道失活门之后 ,受损背根节神经元产生的慢波振荡具有变化幅度大和振荡时程长的特征 ,可分成V ,倒Π ,整数倍 。

THz返波管圆波导梳状慢波结构的研究

该文利用三维电磁仿真软件模拟计算了THz圆波导梳状慢波结构的负1次返波的色散和耦合阻抗。结果证实:在430-570GHz频带内,慢波结构内半径为0.175mm,约为中心频率波长的0.292倍;在760-940GHz的频带内,慢波结构内半径为0.1mm,是中心频率处波长的0.392倍。该结构较大的径向尺寸有利于提高电子注通过率。这种结构负1次返波的耦合阻抗较小,基本上小于1Ω,很好解释了现有THz返波管的电子效率小于0.01%的事实。

650GHz正弦波导返波管的模拟计算

提出了一种利用正弦波导慢波结构设计的太赫兹频段大功率返波管的新方案。3维粒子模拟研究结果显示：在20 kV的工作电压和5 mA的驱动电流下,该返波管在645.9 GHz频率处将具有1.55 W的峰值功率输出,互作用效率为1.55%,频谱纯净,输出模式为TE10模。通过在15~25 kV之间进行电压调谐,可获得80 GHz的调谐带宽,且峰值输出功率都在1 W以上。

带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟

阐述了带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟研究。利用线性理论 [1]设计了返波管的慢波结构 ,应用 SUPERFISH软件设计了谐振反射器。用 KARAT软件对谐振反射腔返波管进行了宏观粒子模拟 ,得到了优化的返波管结构参数 ,并研究了外加磁场对输出效率的影响。模拟结果表明 :谐振反射腔不仅起到截止颈的作用 ,还有预调制的作用 ;在低外加磁场条件下 ,该返波管也能输出较高功率的微波。

福建省1956-2013年降雨侵蚀力与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)的关系

选取1956—2013年福建省57个主要气象站点日降雨量数据,采用日降雨侵蚀力模型计算降雨侵蚀力,分析厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)对福建省降雨侵蚀力的影响。结果表明,虽ENSO对福建省不同区域的气象站点的影响存在差异,但总规律为:(1)福建省降雨侵蚀力年际变化和年内变化较大,总体呈现略微波动上升的趋势;(2)福建省降雨侵蚀力与赤道太平洋中东部海洋表面温度(SST)距平值呈现极显著相关。厄尔尼诺(El Nio)时期降雨侵蚀力较拉尼娜(La Nia)时期大,但均低于福建省平均降雨侵蚀力;(3)降雨侵蚀力与南方涛动指数(SOI)和多变量ENSO指数(MEI)存在极显著相关。通过分析ENSO对福建省降雨侵蚀力影响,为福建省土壤侵蚀的预测和土壤保持提供参考和依据。