Effects of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation of Summer Maize in Shajiang Black Soil Area

[Objectives] This study was conducted to verify the field application effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on summer maize in Shajiang black soil area by simultaneous sowing and fertilization, and explore the application scope and nitrogen metabolism mechanism, so as to lay a foundation for fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement. [Methods] With maize variety Beiqing 340 and sulfur-coated urea as experimental materials, five nitrogen application levels were set, namely, control (C0), slow-release nitrogen 70 kg/hm^(2) (C70), slow-release nitrogen 140 kg/hm^(2) (C140), slow-release nitrogen 210 kg/hm^(2) (C210) and slow-release nitrogen 280 kg/hm^(2) (C280). The phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were all in accordance with the unified standard. [Results] With the application rate of slow-release nitrogen increasing, the nitrogen accumulation in organs increased first and then decreased after tasseling stage of maize. In order to reduce the fertilizing amount and increase efficiency, 210 kg/hm^(2) of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was the best fertilizing amount for summer maize in Shajiang black soil area. [Conclusions] This study provides reference for fertilizer reduction, efficiency improvement and sustainable development of summer maize in Shajiang black soil area.

The dynamic response of a high-density polyethylene slow-release structure under launching overload

Based on the 60 mm artillery grenade,a slow-release structure was designed to reduce the severity of ammunitions response to accidental thermal stimulation and improve the thermal stability of ammunitions.The slow-release structure was made of high-density polyethylene(HDPE) and connected the fuse and the projectile body through internal and external threads.To study the safety of the slowrelease structure under artillery launching overload,mechanical analysis of the slow-release structure was simulated via finite element analysis(FEA).The impacts of various factors(e.g.,fuse mass,number of threads,and nominal diameter of internal threads of the slow-release structure) on the connection strength of the slow-release structure were studied.A strength-prediction model based on the fuse mass and internal thread parameters was established by fitting the maximum effective stress of the slowrelease structure.This led to good prediction results.In conclusion,this study provides references and theoretical support for the design of thermal protection structures insensitive to ammunition.

Optimization of slow-release fertilizer application improves lotus rhizome quality by affecting the physicochemical properties of starch

To achieve the dual goals of high yield and good quality with low environmental costs,slow-release fertilizer(SRF)has been widely used in lotus cultivation as new type of fertilizer instead of traditional nitrogen fertilizer.However,the optimal amount of SRF and how it would promote lotus rhizome quality remain unclear.This study was designed to investigate the photosynthetic characteristics and the synthesis,accumulation,and physicochemical properties of lotus rhizome starches under six SRF levels(CK,S1,S2,S3,S4,and S5).Compared with CK(0 kg ha^(–1)),the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and SPAD values of leaves remained at higher levels under SRF treatment.Further research showed that SRF increased the lotus rhizome yield,the contents of amylose,amylopectin,and total starch,and the number of starch granules.Among the six SRF levels,S3(1035 kg ha^(–1))showed the greatest difference from CK and produced the highest levels.With the increasing SRF levels,the peak,hot and final viscosities decreased at first and then increased,but the setback viscosity and pasting temperature increased.In order to interpret these changes at the molecular level,the activities of key enzymes and relative expression levels of starch accumulation related genes were analyzed.Each of these parameters also increased under SRF treatment,especially under the S3 treatment.The results of this study show that SRF,especially S3(1035 kg ha^(–1)),is a suitable fertilizer option for lotus planting which can improve lotus rhizome quality by affecting starch accumulations related enzymes and genes.These results will be useful for SRF application to high-quality lotus rhizome production with low environmental costs.

Impacts and Demonstration Effects of Applying Long-acting Slow-release Fertilizer on Economic Yield of Peanut

[Objectives]To study the impacts and demonstration effects of long-acting slow-release fertilizer application on economic yield of peanut.[Methods]The 25,30,35,40,45,50 kg of long-acting slow-release fertilizers were applied to 667 m 2 of peanuts,and different amounts of urea were applied together.[Results]Applying 40 kg of long-acting slow-release fertilizer and 10.45 kg of urea had the best effect.Compared with the application of ordinary compound fertilizers,the plants did not age prematurely,the leaf diseases were mild,the stems and leaves remained dark green when harvested,and the stems and leaves had a longer functional period.Bearing shoots increased by 1.7,single-plant full pods increased by 2.4,double-seed peanuts increased by 3.2,empty pods decreased by 0.5,and single-seed peanuts decreased by 0.7.The experimental demonstration results show that the spring-sowed peanuts had an average yield increase of 29.0-67.2 kg/667 m 2,and the yield increase rate was 7.35%-16.89%,and the difference was extremely significant.[Conclusions]In the high-yield cultivation of peanuts,the application of long-acting slow-release fertilizer can be promoted to improve peanut production.

Marginal zone lymphoma with severe rashes: A case report

BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphoma(MZL)is an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL),which is rare clinically with severe rashes as the initial symptom.CASE SUMMARY This study reports a case of MZL with generalized skin rashes accompanied by pruritus and purulent discharge.First-line treatment with rituximab combined with zanubrutinib had poor effects.However,after switching to obinutuzumab combined with zanubrutinib,the case was alleviated,and the rashes disappeared.CONCLUSION For patients with advanced stage MZL not benefiting from type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody(mAb)combination therapy,switching to a type II anti-CD20 mAb combination regimen may be considered.This approach may provide a new perspective in the treatment of MZL.

The largest CPIES array in the marginal sea:abundant dynamics in the northeast South China Sea

The South China Sea(SCS)is a marginal sea connecting the Pacific and Indian oceans and has gained much attention in recent decades.The dynamics in the northeast SCS are considerably influenced by topography,monsoons,tropical cyclones,the Kuroshio intrusion,and water exchange through the Luzon Strait(LS).

Distal margin distance in radical resection of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy

Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate in China, with the majority of cases being middle and low rectal cancer. Surgical intervention is currently the main treatment modality for locally advanced rectal cancer, with the common goal of improving oncological outcomes while preserving function. The controversy regarding the circumferential resection margin distance in rectal cancer surgery has been resolved. With the promotion of neoadjuvant therapy concepts and advancements in technology, treatment strategies have become more diverse.Following tumor downstaging, there is an increasing trend towards extending the safe distance of distal rectal margin. This provides more opportunities for patients with low rectal cancer to preserve their anal function.However, there is currently no consensus on the specific distance of distal resection margin.

Bendamustine and rituximab as frontline therapy in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma:a single-institution experience

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma(EMZL)encompasses 70%of cases of marginal zone lymphoma.Frontline bendamustine and rituximab(BR)were derived from trials involving other indolent non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.Only one trial has evaluated frontline BR prospectively in EMZL.This retrospective study reports outcomes among EMZL patients receiving frontline BR.Twenty-five patients were included with a median age of 69 years(40–81).Five(20.0%)patients had stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ disease,and 20(80.0%)had stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ disease.The median number of cycles was 6.0(3.0–6.0).Maintenance rituximab was administered to 10(41.7%)individuals.Overall response rate(ORR)was 100.0%(60.0%complete response,40.0%partial response).Medians of overall survival and progression-free survival were not reached.The estimated 2-year progression-free survival was 85.2%and overall survival was 100.0%.Four(16.6%)patients had infections related to treatment;3(12.0%)transformed to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma;5(20.8%)had a relapse or progression of EMZL;and 3(12.0%)died unrelated to BR.BR is an efficacious and well-tolerated front-line regimen for EMZL with response data consistent with existing literature.

Three-dimensional constrained gravity inversion of Moho depth and crustal structural characteristics at Mozambique continental margin

Mozambique's continental margin in East Africa was formed during the break-off stage of the east and west Gondwana lands. Studying the geological structure and division of continent-ocean boundary(COB) in Mozambique's continental margin is considered of great significance to rebuild Gondwana land and understand its movement mode. Along these lines, in this work, the initial Moho was fit using the known Moho depth from reflection seismic profiles, and a 3D multi-point constrained gravity inversion was carried out. Thus, highaccuracy Moho depth and crustal thickness in the study area were acquired. According to the crustal structure distribution based on the inversion results, the continental crust at the narrowest position of the Mozambique Channel was detected. According to the analysis of the crustal thickness, the Mozambique ridge is generally oceanic crust and the COB of the whole Mozambique continental margin is divided.

Linkage between precipitation isotopes and water vapor sources in the monsoon margin:Evidence from arid areas of Northwest China

The isotope composition in precipitation has been widely considered as a tracer of monsoon activity.Compared with the coastal region,the monsoon margin usually has limited precipitation with large fluctuation and is usually sensitive to climate change.The water resource management in the monsoon margin should be better planned by understanding the composition of precipitation isotope and its influencing factors.In this study,the precipitation samples were collected at five sampling sites(Baiyin City,Kongtong District,Maqu County,Wudu District,and Yinchuan City)of the monsoon margin in the northwest of China in 2022 to analyze the characteristics of stable hydrogen(δD)and oxygen(δ18O)isotopes.We analyzed the impact of meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation,and relative humidity)on the composition of precipitation isotope at daily level by regression analysis,utilized the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)-based backward trajectory model to simulate the air mass trajectory of precipitation events,and adopted the potential source contribution function(PSCF)and concentration weighted trajectory(CWT)to analyze the water vapor sources.The results showed that compared with the global meteoric water line(GMWL),the slope of the local meteoric water line(LMWL;δD=7.34δ^(18)O-1.16)was lower,indicating the existence of strong regional evaporation in the study area.Temperature significantly contributed toδ18O value,while relative humidity had a significant negative effect onδ18O value.Through the backward trajectory analysis,we found eight primary locations that were responsible for the water vapor sources of precipitation in the study area,of which moisture from the Indian Ocean to South China Sea(ITSC)and the western continental(CW)had the greatest influence on precipitation in the study area.The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation are significantly influenced by the sources and transportation paths of air mass.In addition,the results of PSCF and CWT analysis showed that the water vapor source areas were primarily distributed in the south and northwest direction of the study area.

Transformation of marginal zone lymphoma into high-grade B-cell lymphoma expressing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase:A case report

BACKGROUND High-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)is an unusual malignancy that includes myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2),and/or BCL-6 rearrangements,termed double-hit or triple-hit lymphomas,and HGBL-not otherwise specific(HGBL-NOS),which are morphologically characteristic of HGBL but lack MYC,BCL-2,or BCL-6 rearrangements.HGBL is partially transformed by follicular lymphoma and other indolent lymphoma,with few cases of marginal zone lymphoma(MZL)transformation.HGBL often has a poor prognosis and intensive therapy is currently mainly advocated,but there is no good treatment for these patients who cannot tolerate chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We reported a case of MZL transformed into HGBL-NOS with TP53 mutation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression.Gene analysis revealed the gene expression profile was identical in the pre-and post-transformed tissues,suggesting that the two diseases are homologous,not secondary tumors.The chemotherapy was ineffective and the side effect was severe,so we tried combination therapy including venetoclax and obinutuzumab.The patient tolerated treatment well,and reached partial response.The patient had recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and died of multifunctional organ failure.He survived for 12 months after diagnosis.CONCLUSION Venetoclax combined with obinutuzumab might improve the survival in some HGBL patients,who are unsuitable for chemotherapy.

Deep tectonics and seismogenic mechanisms of the seismic source zone of the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake on December 18,2023,at the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau

On December 18,2023,an M_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan,Gansu Province,China.This earthquake happened in the eastern region of the Qilian Orogenic Belt,which is situated at the forefront of the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau(i.e.,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau),encompassing a rhombic-shaped area that intersects the Qilian-Qaidam Basin,Alxa Block,Ordos Block,and South China Block.In this study,we analyzed the deep tectonic pattern of the Jishishan earthquake by incorporating data on the crustal thickness,velocity structure,global navigation satellite system(GNSS)strain field,and anisotropy.We discovered that the location of the earthquake was related to changes in the crustal structure.The results showed that the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in a unique position,with rapid changes in the crustal thickness,Vp/Vs,phase velocity,and S-wave velocity.The epicenter of the earthquake was situated at the transition zone between high and low velocities and was in proximity to a low-velocity region.Additionally,the source area is flanked by two high-velocity anomalies from the east and west.The principal compressive strain orientation near the Lajishan Fault is primarily in the NNE and NE directions,which align with the principal compressive stress direction in this region.In some areas of the Lajishan Fault,the principal compressive strain orientations show the NNW direction,consistent with the direction of the upper crustal fast-wave polarization from local earthquakes and the phase velocity azimuthal anisotropy.These features underscore the relationship between the occurrence of the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake and the deep inhomogeneous structure and deep tectonic characteristics.The NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau was thickened by crustal extension in the process of northeastward expansion,and the middle and lower crustal materials underwent structural deformation and may have been filled with salt-containing fluids during the extension process.The presence of this weak layer makes it easier for strong earthquakes to occur through the release of overlying rigid crustal stresses.However,it is unlikely that an earthquake of comparable or larger magnitude would occur in the short term(e.g.,in one year)at the Jishishan east margin fault.

Effect of commercial slow-release urea product on in vitro rumen fermentation and ruminal microbial community using RUSITEC technique

Background:The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of commercial slow-release urea(SRU)on in vitro fermentation characteristics,nutrient digestibility,gas production,microbial protein synthesis and bacterial community using a rumen simulation technique(RUSITEC).The experiment was a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications of each treatment.Treatments were:control diet(no SRU addition),control diet plus 0.28%SRU(U28),or plus 0.56%SRU(U56),and control diet that was modified substituting a part of soybean meal equivalent to 0.35%SRU(MU35;dry matter[DM]basis).The experiment consisted of 8 d of adaptation and 7 d of data and sample collection.Rumen inoculum was obtained from three ruminally fistulated Angus cows fed the same diet to the substrate incubated.Results:Digestibility of DM,organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP),fibre and starch was not affected,but daily production of gas(P<0.07)and methane(P<0.05)was quadratically increased with increasing SRU supplementation.The increase of SRU addition did not affect fermentation pH and total volatile fatty acid(VFA)production,whereas linearly(P<0.01)decreased proportion of propionate,and linearly(P<0.01)increased acetate to propionate ratio and ammonia nitrogen(N)concentration.The microbial N efficiency was also linearly(P<0.03)improved with increasing supplementation of SRU.In comparison with control diet,the dietary substitution of SRU for part of soybean meal increased(P<0.05)the digestibility of DM,OM and CP and decreased(P<0.02)the total gas production.The total VFA production and acetate to propionate ratio did not differ between control and MU35,whereas the proportion of butyrate was lower(P<0.05)and that of branched-chain VFA was greater(P<0.05)with MU35 than control diet.Total and liquid-associated microbial N production as well as ammonia N concentration were greater(P<0.03)with MU35 than control diet.Observed operational taxonomic units(OTUs),Shannon diversity index,and beta diversity of the microbial community did not differ among treatments.Taxonomic analysis revealed no effect of adding SRU on the relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum level,while at the genus level,the beneficial impact of SRU on relative abundance of Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae in feed particleassociated bacteria,and the abundance of Roseburia in liquid associate bacteria was greater(P<0.05)with MU35.Conclusions:Supplementation of a dairy cow diet with SRU showed potential of increase in ammonia N concentration and microbial protein production,and change fermentation pattern to more acetate production.Adding SRU in dairy cow diet also showed beneficial effect on improving digestibility of OM and fibre.The results suggest that SRU can partially substitute soybean meal in dairy cow diet to increase microbial protein production without impairing rumen fermentation.

Hybrid rice yield response to potted-seedling machine transplanting and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application combined with urea topdressing

Machine transplanting and the application of slow-release nitrogen(N) fertilizer(SRNF) have played vital roles in the modernization of rice production. We aimed to determine the effects of potted-seedling transplanting—a new machine-transplanting method—and SRNF on hybrid rice yields. A 2-year splitplot experiment(2016–2017) was conducted in Meishan, Sichuan province, China, using two machinetransplanting methods(potted-seedling and blanket-seedling) and three N treatments. Total green leaf area, high-effective leaf area and its rate at heading, net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves 7 days after heading, glutamate synthase(GOGAT) and glutamine synthase(GS) activity after heading, dry matter production, and N accumulation at heading and maturity increased under the potted-seedling method or 70% SRNF as a base + 30% urea application at the panicle initiation stage(SBUP). Stem diameter and number of small and of all vascular bundles at the neck–panicle node in potted-seedling plants increased as a result of increasing numbers of effective panicles, secondary branches, and spikelets. In pottedseedling plants, treatment with SBUP increased the number of large and total vascular bundles at the panicle–neck internode and the number of differentiated and surviving secondary branches and spikelets and decreased the number of ineffective tillers and degenerated secondary branches and spikelets. We conclude that the potted-seedling machine transplanting method and SRNF combined with urea topdressing can strengthen the source–sink relationship in rice, resulting in higher yields.

Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers and Sugarcane-specific Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane

The effects of slow-release fertilizers and sugarcane-specific fertilizers on the growth and quality of sugarcane were studied to provide a theoretical basis for cultivation of sugarcane with lower costs but higher efficiency. Field experiments were carried out in two major sugarcane areas in Guangxi and three fertilization treatments were studied: single application of compound fertilizers( treatment I),compound fertilizers + slow-release fertilizers( treatment II) and sugarcane-specific base fertilizers + sugarcane-specific topdressing( treatment III). Effects of equal fertilization conditions of treatment I,II and III on growth,yield and sugar of sugarcane were studied. The three fertilization treatments had little effects on emergence,tillering,and effective stems of sugarcane,but compared with the treatment of compound fertilizer( treatment I) with a ratio of N,P,and K of 1∶1∶1,treatment II using slow-release fertilizers as topdressing had better growth,higher plant height and stem diameter,so the yield was higher. Treatment III designed sugarcane-specific fertilizers with proper ratio according to fertilizer demands of sugarcane. Besides,the treatment III sugarcane-specific base fertilizers,containing certain amount of organic matters,could promote the sugar accumulation of sugarcane. Therefore,the sugarcane yield of treatment III was higher than that of treatment II. In conclusion,slow-release fertilizers and sugarcane-specific fertilizers can significantly increase sugarcane yield,especially sugarcane-specific fertilizers. Sugarcane-specific fertilizers have reasonable ratio and contain certain amount of organic matters,and can increase sugar content,obtain significant economic benefits,so it is worth popularization in large areas.

Delaying application time of slow-release fertilizer increases soil rhizosphere nitrogen content,root activity,and grain yield of spring maize

Application of slow-release fertilizer(SF)is a nutrient-management measure aimed at improving maize nutrient use and yield and saving labor cost.One-time application of SF at sowing usually results in nutrient deficiency during the post-silking stage,owing to the long growth period of spring maize.This study was conducted to investigate the effects on spring maize of SF application stage(zero,three-,and six-leaf stages,designated as SF0,SF3,and SF6,respectively)on grain yield,total soil rhizosphere nitrogen(N)content,and root activity,in comparison with the conventional fertilization mode(CF,application of compound fertilizer at sowing time,and topdressing urea at six-leaf and tasseling stages)at the same fertilization level as the control.Compared with no fertilization(F0)and CF,SF increased grain number and weight.The maize cultivars Suyu 30(SY30)and Jiangyu 877(JY877)produced the highest grain yield and net return under SF6 treatment over the three years.SF6 increased enzymatic activities including oxidoreductase,hydrolase,transferase,and lyase in rhizosphere soil at silking(R1)and milking stages(R3).SF6 increased the total N contents of rhizosphere soil by 7.1%at R1 and 9.2%R3 stages compared with SF0.The activities of antioxidant enzymes in roots were increased under SF6 treatments at R1and R3.The mean root activities of SF0,SF3,and SF6 increased by 7.1%,12.8%,and 20.5%compared with CF at R1 and by 8.8%,13.0%,and 23.5%at R3.Delaying the application time of SF could increase grain yield by increasing total N content of rhizosphere soil,delaying root senescence,and increasing root activity at the late reproductive stage.Applying SF at the six-leaf stage is recommended as an effective fertilization strategy for the sustainable production of spring maize in southern China.

Effect of slow-release iron fertilizer on iron-deficiency chlorosis, yield and quality of Lilium davidii var.unicolor in a two-year field experiment

Iron deficiency chlorosis of Lilium davidii var. unicolor is often the case in practice in alkaline soils of northwest region of China. It is difficult to control iron chlorosis because of high cost and short effective work time of conventional iron fertilizers. In this study, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two slow-release fertilizers on the suppression of iron deficiency chlorosis, soil chemical properties, and the yield and quality of L. davidii var. unicolor. Results show that both coated slow-release iron fertilizers and embedded slow-release iron fertilizer effectively controlled iron-deficiency chlorosis. The application of slow-release iron fertilizers significantly increased plant height and chlorophyll content of L. davidii var. unicolor at different growth stages. Furthermore, coated iron fertilizer application significantly increased starch, protein, soluble sugar and vitamin C content of L. davidii var. unicolor, and it also significantly improved total amino acid content, with increases in essential amino acids(Trp, Leu, Lys, Phe, Val, and Thr contents) and in nonessential amino acids(Asp, Glu, Cit, Ihs, Acc, Ala, Pro, and Cys contents). It was concluded that application of coated slow-release iron fertilizer could be a promising option for suppression of iron deficiency chlorosis and deserves further study.

Candelilla Wax as Natural Slow-Release Matrix for Fertilizers Encapsulated by Spray Chilling

Efforts to improve crop yields with efficient use of fertilizers are needed to guarantee global food security.Enhanced slow-release fertilizer systems(SRFs)encapsulated in biodegradable matrices are being developed to address this global concern.From a wide range of strategies for SRFs development,we explored a natureinspired solution based on the plant cuticle model and its function as a membrane for water and nutrient transport control.Here,Candelilla wax,extracted from Candelilla wild plants(Euphorbia antisyphilitica),is studied as a renewable slow-release matrix for fertilizers encapsulated by a modified spray chilling process.From this process,microencapsulates containing 40 wt%of phosphorus fertilizer are obtained with distinctive sizes and chemical characteristics,presenting a slow-release behavior.Considering the abovementioned features,novel insights into fertilizer release mechanisms based on plant cuticle models are discussed.

Control Effect of Slow-release, Long-acting and Multi-functional New Pesticides on Sugarcane Borders and Woolly Aphids

In order to select the long-acting,low toxic,low-risk and multi-functional new pesticides for the control of sugarcane borders and woolly aphids and precise and efficient application technology,the control effect of 10% monosultap · thiamethoxam granular formulation and 1% Bt · clothianidin granular formulation on sugarcane borders and woolly aphids were studied.The results showed that 10% monosultap·thiamethoxam GR and 1% Bt·clothianidin GR had good control effects on sugarcane borders and woolly aphids.They were ideal slow-release,long-acting,low toxic and multi-functional new pesticides used to control sugarcane borders and woolly aphids.They could be used alternately with other pesticides to delay the emergence and development of pest resistance to pesticides.The best dosage of the two pesticides in the field was 45 kg/hm^2.They could be mixed with fertilizer( 1200-1800 kg/hm^2),scattered in sugarcane ditches or at the base of sugarcane plants,and covered with soil or film from January to July.The control effect on dead heart seedlings damaged by borers could be up to above 79.2%,and the control effect on sugarcane woolly aphids could reach more than 98.8%.In comparison with the control group,the actual yield and sugar content of sugarcane increased by above 41 555 kg/hm^2 and 6.5% respectively.The application of slow-release,long-acting,strong systemic and multi-functional new agents with fertilizer around roots is convenient,precise and efficient,labor-saving,time-saving and environmentally friendly,and is worthy of being widely applied in sugarcane areas.

Marginal donor liver versus standard donor liver: A single-center observational study

Background:The effectiveness and safety of marginal donor livers remain controversial.This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of marginal donor livers in patients with liver transplantation(LT).Methods:This study included 199 liver donors(including 16 split donors)and 206 liver recipients from January 1,2018 to January 27,2020,with case follow-up until July 31,2021.Clinical data of donors and recipients were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into the marginal donor and standard donor groups according to the criteria of marginal donor livers.Indices of liver and kidney functions,complications,and survival curves of the two groups were compared.Results:Compared with the standard donor group,the blood creatinine levels were significantly higher in the marginal donor group in the first week after operation(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels after LT(all P>0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications after LT(P>0.05);there was also no significant difference in the survival curve(P=0.335).Conclusions:There were no significant differences in liver and kidney function and survival curve between the standard donor and marginal donor groups.The marginal donor liver appears safe and reliable for LT and may be an important strategy to expand the donor pool and solve the shortage of organs.