Contract Mechanism of Water Environment Regulation for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Based on Optimal Control Theory

The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of treatment. How enterprises can make reasonable decisions on their water environment behavior based on the external environment and their own factors is of great significance for scientifically and effectively designing water environment regulation mechanisms. Based on optimal control theory, this study investigates the design of contractual mechanisms for water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprise is regarded as an independent economic entity that can adopt optimal control strategies to maximize its own interests. Based on the participation of multiple subjects including the government, enterprises, and the public, an optimal control strategy model for enterprises under contractual water environmental regulation is constructed using optimal control theory, and a method for calculating the amount of unit pollutant penalties is derived. The water pollutant treatment cost data of a paper company is selected to conduct empirical numerical analysis on the model. The results show that the increase in the probability of government regulation and public participation, as well as the decrease in local government protection for enterprises, can achieve the same regulatory effect while reducing the number of administrative penalties per unit. Finally, the implementation process of contractual water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises is designed.

Motifs and Impediments for the Harmonization of Accounting Regulations for Small and Medium-Sized Companies in the EU

Small and medium-sized companies in most EU countries form a considerable share in the total number of companies and are also an important development impeller of the entire economy. Therefore, one of the most essential goals of accounting authorities in the EU is accomplishing the harmonization of accounting regulations for these companies. In this paper, the author have discussed and explained the main motifs and impediments for this harmonization. One of the main motifs is a big span and complexity of international standards of financial reports which is allowed and even prescribed in many countries. Some of the main impediments are a lack of uniformity as far as criteria for classification of small and medium-sized companies according to size are concerned as well as the determining of limitations up to which the requirements in accounting standards for small and medium-sized companies should be set.

Mechanism of Impact of Entrepreneurial Spirit on the Development of Small and Medium-sized Private Enterprises in China

As a necessary factor for a successful business,entrepreneurial spirit is an important means for enterprises to survive in the unstable environment of fierce competition. Under the circumstance of mass entrepreneurship and innovation,a large number of small and medium-sized private enterprises have emerged in all walks of life in China. This paper examines the differences in the definition of entrepreneurial spirit by different scholars,the influence of Chinese entrepreneurship on the development of small and medium-sized private enterprises,the origin of the spirit of private entrepreneurs with Chinese characteristics,and the disadvantages of the spirit of small and medium-sized private entrepreneurs in China. It is necessary to further improve entrepreneurial spirit to contribute to the development of small and medium-sized private enterprises and help China to build the national economic system.

Mechanism of Interaction between Entrepreneurial Spirit and Growth of Small and Medium Sized Private Enterprises

In the context of government appeal of " mass entrepreneurship and innovation",all areas launched the movement of " mass entrepreneurship" and " grassroots entrepreneurship". As parts of vitality of China's market economy,small and medium sized private enterprises become grassroots of market competition in talents,funds,and technologies. This paper combined three levels of entrepreneurial spirit and small and medium sized private enterprises,studied acting mechanism of entrepreneurial spirit,discussed competitive power of small and medium sized private enterprises,and recommended that small and medium sized private enterprises should cultivate core competitive power,adapt to external environment,and create external environment support,to realize sound development.

Investigation and Analysis of Henan Province Focused on Small and Medium-sized Private Enterprises Financial Present Situation

China’s small and medium-sized private enterprises plays a very important role in the process of development of the national economy in, to the development of the national economy also plays a vital role, but with the development of the times, small and medium-sized private enterprises funds, technology, personnel and other contradictions have become increasingly prominent. China’s small and medium-sized private enterprises to want to, in the face of intense competition today, seeking a seat on the development, dredge fi nancing channel is the most important, he can affect the enterprise production and management, foreign investment and the adjustment of the capital structure. So properly solve the enterprise fi nancing problems is of great signifi cance. Henan Province as a new rising big province, its economic potential without limit, in this paper, based on the fi nancing situation of small and medium-sized private enterprises in Henan Province and fi nancing diffi cult problem of, and combined with related literature, to explain its existing problems and analysis to explore the related reasons, the proposed for solving measures.

The Research and Analysis to the Financing Dilemma and Countermeasures of China＇s Medium and Small Sized High-tech Enterprises

The Financing problem of Medium and small Sized High-tech Enterprises is the key point to enterprises＇ survival and development. Firstly it is pointed out that the difficulty in financing is due to without enough emphasis on Medium and Small Sized High-tech Enterprises, without sound targeted laws and regulations, the imperfect credit guarantee system, and corporate governance structure problem of the enterprise Then, according to the problems existing in the financing of China＇s Medium and Small Sized High-tech Enterprises, the assay put forward several countermeasures which have referential value.

PERFORMANCE-DRIVEN BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED-ENTERPRISES

Based on the analysis of the common limitations of business processmanagement (BPM) methodologies and the requirements of small and medium sized-enterprises (SMEs),the importance of a 'performance construct' of BPM methodologies is identified, a six-phaseperformance-driven BPM methodology for the production and operation processes of Chinese SMEs isdeveloped. A case study on the process management of a medium-sized enterprise shows a successfulexample of running the methodology.

Analysis on Profit Quality of Small and Medium-sized Agricultural Enterprises:A Case Study of YM Industrial Co.,Ltd in Guang'an City of Sichuan Province

For a long time, under the influence of system and environment and other factors, some small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in China only seek growth of profit in quantity, but neglect the growth of profit in quality, leading to low profit quality. This study reasonably defines the concept of profit quality of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, and expounds general characteristics of high quality profit. On the basis of general factors influencing profit quality of enterprises, it builds indicator system for evaluating the profit quality of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Also, it conducts an empirical analysis on profit quality of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises with YM Industrial Co., Ltd in Guang'an City of Sichuan Province as an example.

Study on Electronic Commerce Maturity of Small and Medium-sized Agricultural Enterprises

This article advances the concept of electronic commerce maturity of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises,and establishes the indicator system of electronic commerce maturity of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises.This indicator system includes 4 first-level indicators(infrastructure,transaction process,operation management,and transaction safety),which are divided into 11 second-level indicators(hardware equipment,computer network,e-procurement,logistics distribution,supply chain management,customer relationship management,and payment security).We use analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to determine the weight of indicator at all levels,and establish fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model of electronic commerce maturity of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises.Finally,through examples,we verify the rationality and reliability of evaluation method of electronic commerce maturity of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises combining analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

The Research on the Status of Small-and-Medium-Sized Enterprises of County in the Dominant Industry of Shaanxi County Economy

The thesis analyzes the role of small-and-medium-sized enterprises of county in promoting county economy:the small-and-medium-sized enterprises of county become the material basis of developing production and boosting county economy;the small-and-medium-sized enterprises of county become the main channel of increasing farmers' job opportunities and realizing affluent life;the development of the small-and-medium-sized enterprises of county become the propeller of development of urbanization and county economy;the development of the small-and-medium-sized enterprises of county creates excellent conditions for the construction of modern agriculture.The thesis indicates that the low level of county industrialization is the principal factor impeding the county economy of Shaanxi Province and it also analyzes the opportunities and challenges when quickening the development of county industry.The countermeasures of developing small-and-medium-sized enterprises are put forward as follows:raise the awareness and determine the concept of using industry to make county powerful;build scientific planning and outline of county enterprise development to propel the innovation of developing and operating system of county enterprise;create beneficial conditions and reinforce the degree of county enterprise support entrepreneurship;take the park construction as vehicle and reinforce the degree of attracting investments from overseas;take the autonomous innovation as the impetus and develop the recycling economy;improve and optimize the service environment so as to create an excellent investment environment for enterprise.

Analysis on the financing strategies of small and medium sized clothing enterprises under the Internet financial model

Small and medium sized clothing enterprises have become an important force to promote China＇s economic transformation. But the shortage of funds in the development of small and medium sized clothing enterprises is still a major problem. The development of Intemet financial model is of great significance to the small and Medium Sized Clothing Enterprises .It is helpful to solve the problems of information asymmetry, credit rationing and high loan cost in the financing of small and medium sized clothing enterprises..In many financial models on the interne＇., to our vast number of small and medium-sized enterprises provide convenient services, but in the face of this model using diffcrent opinions, and there is no pertinence, for most of the enterprises are usually similar situation was a summary and recommendations, there are a handful of targeted research ,This research is for research, in order to solve the financing problems of China＇s small and medium-sized garment enterprises countermeasures were studied to find a suitable China＇s small and medium-sized garment enterprises financing path with, for small and medium-sized garment enterprises in the capital needs of the guiding role, for the enterprise to avoid financial risk. the lnternet financial model to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized garment enterprises play the important role, we should expand Internet banking, so that more small and medium-sized garment enterprises get better development.

The role of e-readiness assessment criteria in accepting e-commerce for small and medium size enterprisesmDevelopment of technology acceptance model

This paper develops Davis technology acceptance model by adding two criteria of e-readiness assessment. For small and medium size enterprises, the paper evaluates the credit of developed model in studying the efficient factors in internet technology acceptance, which is one of the most applicable communication tools in e-commerce. The added factors, taken from models and means of e-readiness assessment, are ＂existing information technology infrastructures＂ as well as ＂organization＇s training＂. The authors study 45 small and medium size enterprises in the city of Tehran, which are active in information technology products and services. Using Lisrel structural equation modelling, it is shown that there is a meaningful relationship between the added factors and the variables indicating internet network usage. Therefore, the better factors of e-readiness assessment lead to the higher acceptance level of electronic communication tools in e-commerce.

The Thinking of Financing under Dual Economies Character In Medium & Small Enterprises

In China,the dual economies show prominence in financial field.It leads to the serious dual credit ration and becomes one of the main cause which makes financing in medium & small sized enterprises becomes harder and harder.On basis of this situation,we theoretically pose that we can alleviate the difficulty through the dual cooperation of financial control and the deepening of finance.

A Novel Lifecycle Model for Web-based Application Development in Small and Medium Enterprises

Software engineering＇s lifecycle models havc proven to be very important for traditional software development. However, can these models be applied to the development of Web-based applications as well？ In recent years, Web-based applications have become more and more complicated and a lot of efforts have been placed on introducing new technologies such as J2EE, PhP, and .NET, etc., which have been universally accepted as the development technologies for Web-based applications. However, there is no universally accepted process model for the development of Web-based applications. Moreover, shaping the process model for small medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）, which have limited resources, has been relatively neglected. Based on our previous work, this paper presents an expanded lifecycle process model for the development of Web-based applications in SMEs. It consists of three sets of processes, i.e., requirement processes, development processes, and evolution processes. Particularly, the post-delivery evolution processes are important to SMEs to develop and maintain quality web applications with limited resources and time.

On the Development Principles and Models of Recreational Belt around Small and Middle Cities

The definition and type of recreational belt around metropolis were introduced,the development principles of recreational spot around small and middle cities were analyzed.With Baoding City as an example,the empirical analysis was conducted,and the development models of recreational spot around metropolis in Baoding City were put forward.

Effects of Social Capital,Top Executive Attributes and R&D on Firm Value in Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

This study uses an unbalanced panel data analysis to examine the effects of social capital, top executive attributes and R ＆D on firm value in Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Board from 2007 to 2011. There are several interesting findings. First, the gender （male） and academic degree of the chairperson in the SMEs have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Second, social capital （measured by politieal connections, managerial business association networks and technology association networks） and R＆D have a positive effect on SME firm value. Third, the effect of politieal connections on firm value for state-owned enterprises （SOEs） is stronger than for non-SOEs, while the effect of business and technology networks on firm value for non-SOEs is stronger than for SOEs. Our study has important policy implications for SMEs that want to compete successfully in China.

Impact of City Scale and Regional Difference on Small & Medium-Sized Cities' Development and Its Implication

By studying the relationship between urban development performance and city scale and regional difference, this paper aims at revealing the real challenges faced by small and medium-sized cities(referred to as SMSC hereafter) in China. It analyzes the growth of different-sized cities, their positions in China's overall urban system, the influence of city scale on their capability in migrant absorption, economic development, public service, and environmental remediation, as well as the capability difference among SMSCs. Results show that city scale is less a determinant in economic development capability and per capita ownership of public service than in economic performance, quality of public service, and environmental remediation capabilities. Besides, there are many other factors determined by regional differences instead of city scale. Therefore, in the context when SMSC plays an increasingly important role in the process of urbanization, relevant parties should avoid the "trap of scale," and re-position urbanization within the framework of sustainable development.