Multiscale Characteristics and Connection Mechanisms of Attraction Networks:A Trajectory Data Mining Approach Leveraging Geotagged Data

Urban tourism is considered a complex system,and multiscale exploration of the organizational patterns of attraction networks has become a topical issue in urban tourism,so exploring the multiscale characteristics and connection mechanisms of attraction networks is important for understanding the linkages between attractions and even the future destination planning.This paper uses geotagging data to compare the links between attractions in Beijing,China during four different periods:the pre-Olympic period(2004–2007),the Olympic Games and subsequent‘heat period’(2008–2013),the post-Olympic period(2014–2019),and the COVID-19(Corona Virus Disease 2019)pandemic period(2020–2021).The aim is to better understand the evolution and patterns of attraction networks at different scales in Beijing and to provide insights for tourism planning in the destination.The results show that the macro,meso-,and microscales network characteristics of attraction networks have inherent logical relationships that can explain the commonalities and differences in the development process of tourism networks.The macroscale attraction network degree Matthew effect is significant in the four different periods and exhibits a morphological monocentric structure,suggesting that new entrants are more likely to be associated with attractions that already have high value.The mesoscale links attractions according to the common purpose of tourists,and the results of the community segmentation of the attraction networks in the four different periods suggest that the functional polycentric structure describes their clustering effect,and the weak links between clusters result from attractions bound by incomplete information and distance,and the functional polycentric structure with a generally more efficient network of clusters.The pattern structure at the microscale reveals the topological transformation relationship of the regional collaboration pattern,and the attraction network structure in the four different periods has a very similar importance profile structure suggesting that the attraction network has the same construction rules and evolution mechanism,which aids in understanding the attraction network pattern at both macro and micro scales.Important approaches and practical implications for planners and managers are presented.

Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo Connections with External Clamp Steel Plates

The Moso bamboo,a renewable green building material used in various new green buildings,have received exten-sive attention with the promotion of the concept of green buildings.To explore the mechanical properties of Moso bamboo connections with external clamp steel plates,the 16 specimens were designed by changing the bolt diameters and the end distances of the bolt holes.Their static tension tests were conducted to investigate bearing capacities and failure modes of different connection configurations.Based on test results,three failure modes of these connections were obtained,including the shear failure of bolt shank,bearing failure of bolt hole and punch-ing shear failure of the Moso bamboo.The influence of bolt diameters and end distances of bolt holes on bearing capacities of the connections was quantitatively analyzed.Based on a simplified mechanical model,the analytical models were deduced for the bolt shear failure and the bearing failure of bolt holes.The results showed that the predictive values are in substantial agreement with the experimental results.Finally,the design and manufacturing suggestions are recommended for this Moso bamboo connections.

Mechanical Experimental Study on Tensile Bolted Connections of Cross-laminated Timber

In order to explore a kind of high-strength,earthquake-resistant,eco-nomical and suitable connection,4 groups of cross-laminated timber wall-to-floor and wall-to-wall bolted connections were tested under monotonic and cyclic load-ing.The defommation characteristics and failure modes of the cross-laminated tim-ber wall-to-floor and wall-to-wall bolted connections were exploited.Load-slip curves,bearing capacity,yielding point,stiffness and ductility of each group of specimens were analyzed.The test results indicate that the loading process of cross-laminated timber bolted connections under tension can be categorized as five stages,namely the elastic stage,the slip stage,the embedding stage,the yield-ing stage and the ultimate stage.The ultimate tensile capacity of cross-laminated timber bolted wall-to-floor connections is 2.67 times that of the wall-to-wall bolted connections.Compared with cross-laminated timber self-tapping screwed connections,the ultimate tensile capacity of the cross-laminated timber wall-to-floor bolted connections is 2.70 times that of the self-tapping screwed connec-tions,and the ultimate tensile capacity of the cross-laminated timber wall-to-wall bolted connections is 3.83 times that of the self-tapping screwed connections.The crosslaminated timber bolted connections have larger yielding displacement and wider plastic range,and they are more energy dissipative and more ductile.Furthermore,the cost of the cross-laminated timber wall-to-floor bolted connec-tions is 46%that of the self-tapping screwed connections,while the cost of cross-laminated wall-to-wall bolted connections is 53%that of the self-screwed connections.

Effects of connection types and elevated temperature on the impact behaviour of restrained beam in portal steel frame

Based on the background of structural protection and Disaster Reduction Engineering, the dynamic behaviour and failure mechanism of restrained beams in portal steel frames in localised fire are investigated via experimental measurement and numerical simulation techniques. Comprehensive parametric studies are carried out to discuss the influence of end connection types, temperature, impact velocity,impact mass and span-to-depth ratio(SDR) on the dynamic response of the beams. The characteristics of deformation, internal force and energy distribution about the restrained beams and its joints are investigated. A temperature dependent criterion for evaluating the frame joint performance is proposed to measure the degree of performance degradation and impact resistance of the joint. The dynamic displacement amplification factor in different temperature environments are proposed for the different beam end constraint types and SDRs. Results of the experimental and numerical analysis show that the welded connection(WC) of three typical joint types is the strongest, and the extended endplate connection(EEC) is the weakest in terms of the impact resistance performance. With regard to the failure mode of the joint, the failure positions of the WC and the welded-bolted connection are located in the inner web of the column. Meanwhile, the EEC is located in the connection position between the beam and the endplate. Three different internal force stages and two obvious critical temperature boundaries of the restrained beams emerge with the increase in temperature, and they have significant characteristics in terms of deformation trend, internal force transfer and energy distribution. During the impact, a phenomenon known as “compression arch action” develops into “catenary action” with the increase in deflection in the frame beam mechanism.

Analytical Investigation into the Rotational Performance of Glulam Bolted Beam-Column Connections under Coupled Bending Moment and Shear Force

Considering the glulam beam-column connection form and the number of bolts,monotonic loading test and finite element analysis was carried out on 9 connection specimens in 3 groups to study the rotational performance and failure mode of the connection.The test results revealed that compared with U-shaped connectors,T-shaped connectors can effectively improve the ductility of connections,and the increase in the number of bolts can reduce the initial stiffness and ductility of connections.By theoretical analysis,formulas for calculating the initial stiffness and ultimate moment of connections were deduced.Subsequently,the moment-rotation theoretical model of connections was established based on the formulas,which were validated according to the test data and simulation results.The proposed model can not only improve the current theoretical system of heavy-duty glulam beam-column structure but also provide a theoretical basis for calculating the mechanical properties of the glulam beam-column connection.

Mechanical characteristic and failure mechanism of joint with composite sucker rod

Composite sucker rods are widely used in oil fields because of light weight,high strength,and corrosion resistance.Bonded technology becomes the primary connection method of composites.However,the joints with composite sucker rods are prone to debone and fracture.The connected characteristics are less considered,so the failure mechanism of the joint is still unclear.Based on the cohesive zone model(CZM)and the Johnson-Cook constitutive model,a novel full-scale numerical model of the joint with composite sucker rod was established,and verified by pull-out experiments.The mechanical properties and slip characteristics of the joint were studied,and the damaged procession of the joint was explored.The results showed that:a)the numerical model was in good agreement with the experimental results,and the error is within 5%;b)the von Mises stress,shear stress,and interface stress distributed symmetrically along the circumferential path increased gradually from the fixed end to the loading end;c)the first-bonded interface near the loading end was damaged at first,followed by debonding of the second-bonded interface,leading to the complete shear fracture of the epoxy,and resulted in the debonding of the joint with composite sucker rod,which can provide a theoretical basis for the structural design and optimization of the joint.

Mechanical Behavior of Light Trusses Made of Poplar Laminated Veneer Lumber and Connected with Bolts and Tooth Plates

Poplar Laminated Veneer Lumber(Poplar LVL)is a new type of engineering materials with high strength,good reliability and small variability.Poplar LVL is manufactured from the fast-growing poplar,which is widely used in packaging,furniture and others,however,is rarely adopted in construction.In order to explore the feasibility of poplar LVL trusses in construction of roof,four 4.5-m-span Fink-and-Howe trusses were designed and assembled,which were made of poplar LVL with bolted-and tooth-plated connections.Vertical static loading on the upper chord joints of a truss was imposed by self-balancing test device.The mechanical properties of trusses were examined.The ultimate load,deformation character and failure mode of each truss were measured,observed and analyzed.Furthermore,four types of analytical models with different joint connection assumptions were used to estimate the ultimate load and deflection.The results showed that the poplar LVL trusses were basically in elastic stage before the design load was reached,showing good working performance under the action of design load.The bearing capacity of the trusses of bolted connections was greater than that of the tooth-plated connections.As for the same joint connection type,the bearing capacity of Fink trusses exceeded that of Howe trusses.The poplar LVL light trusses of both types of connections showed good structural performance,which could be reasonably used for building roof systems.

Insights into the dwarfing mechanism of pear(Pyrus betulaefolia) based on anatomical and structural analysis using X-ray scanning

The lack of a suitable rootstock to control scion growth has limited the development of high-density plantations in pear production, which is partly attributed to poor understanding of the dwarfing mechanism. In the present study, the rootstock of the dwarf-type pear (Pyrus betulaefolia)PY-9’ was identified and used as the material for anatomical analysis.PY-9’ grew to half the tree height of the normal cultivar Zhengdu’, along with fewer internodes and shorter length. Significant differences in growth rate betweenPY-9’ andZhengdu’ were detected at approximately 30 days after full bloom, which corresponded with the time of the greatest difference in water potential between the dwarf and normal cultivar.PY-9’ showed a higher photosynthetic rate thanZhengdu’. Anatomical analysis showed thatPY-9’ had higher area ratios of both phloem and xylem and more developed vascular tissues thanZhengdu’. The three-dimensional reconstructed skeleton of the xylem from X-ray computed tomography scanning revealed greater intervessel connectivity inZhengdu’ than inPY-9’, which could contribute to the more vigorous growth ofZhengdu’. This study thus provides the first comparison of the microstructural properties of xylem elements between a dwarfing-type and vigorous-type pear rootstock, providing new insights into the dwarfing mechanism in pear and facilitating breeding of dwarf pear rootstocks to increase crop productivity.

Dynamic interwell connectivity analysis of multi-layer waterflooding reservoirs based on an improved graph neural network

The analysis of interwell connectivity plays an important role in the formulation of oilfield development plans and the description of residual oil distribution. In fact, sandstone reservoirs in China's onshore oilfields generally have the characteristics of thin and many layers, so multi-layer joint production is usually adopted. It remains a challenge to ensure the accuracy of splitting and dynamic connectivity in each layer of the injection-production wells with limited field data. The three-dimensional well pattern of multi-layer reservoir and the relationship between injection-production wells can be equivalent to a directional heterogeneous graph. In this paper, an improved graph neural network is proposed to construct an interacting process mimics the real interwell flow regularity. In detail, this method is used to split injection and production rates by combining permeability, porosity and effective thickness, and to invert the dynamic connectivity in each layer of the injection-production wells by attention mechanism.Based on the material balance and physical information, the overall connectivity from the injection wells,through the water injection layers to the production layers and the output of final production wells is established. Meanwhile, the change of well pattern caused by perforation, plugging and switching of wells at different times is achieved by updated graph structure in spatial and temporal ways. The effectiveness of the method is verified by a combination of reservoir numerical simulation examples and field example. The method corresponds to the actual situation of the reservoir, has wide adaptability and low cost, has good practical value, and provides a reference for adjusting the injection-production relationship of the reservoir and the development of the remaining oil.

基于AutoCAD Mechanical API实现零件多维信息的关联

提出一种以AutoCAD Mechanical为平台,利用零件参照的概念实现图纸中几何信息与非几何信息的关联,同时在此基础上利用ActiveX和DAO数据开发技术在参数化绘图中实现零件明细表的自动生成.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Avoiding sealing failure of flanged connection for tubes made of dissimilar materials subjected to elevated temperature

Carbonic composite materials and ceramics appear to be excellent structural materials for parts subjected to very high temperatures in molten salt reactors(MSRs), in which the reactor core outlet temperature is normally above 700℃. Because of the high temperature,there are major challenges in the sealing of flanged connections for tubes made of alloys and nonmetallic materials. In this study, an improved method for sealing bolted flange connections for tubes made of dissimilar materials at high temperature is analyzed. The study focuses on the compensation mechanism for the difference in thermal expansion between the bolts and the flanges. An angle is introduced for the sealing surface in the flanged connection to provide effective sealing. The arctangent of the angle is the ratio of the thickness between the theoretical core of the sealing surface and the outside end face of the flange to the distances between the axis of the flanged joint and the theoretical core of the sealing surface of the flange; the sealing surface of the flange, which is made of the same material as the fastening assemblies, faces the fastening assemblies. To ensure effective sealing, the frictional coefficient between the two sealing surfaces should not exceed the tangent of the angle. This result does not agree well with the solution given by previous researchers. Further, in the modified flanged connection, the compression of each bolt in the clamped condition is increased to maintain the compaction force unchanged without increasing the number of bolts on the flanged joint.

Reliability of power connections

Despite the use of various preventive maintenance measures, there are still a number of problem areas that can ad- versely affect system reliability. Also, economical constraints have pushed the designs of power connections closer to the limits allowed by the existing standards. The major parameters influencing the reliability and life of Al-Al and Al-Cu connections are identified. The effectiveness of various palliative measures is determined and the misconceptions about their effectiveness are dealt in detail.

CONFIGURATION CONTROLLABILITY FOR NON-ZERO POTENTIAL MECHANICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH DISSIPATION

Within the affine connection framework of Lagrangia, n control systems,based on the results of Sussmann on controllability of general affine control systems defined on a finite-dimensional manifold, a computable sufficient condition of configuration controllability for the simple mechanical control systems was extended to the case of systems with strictly dissipative energy terms of linear isotropic nature, and a sufficient condition of equilibrium controllability for the systems was also given, where Lagrangian is kinetic energy minus potential energy. Lie bracketting of vector fields in controllable Lie algebra, and the symmetric product associated with Levi-Civita connection show virtues in the discussion. Liouville vector field simplified the computation of controllable Lie algebra for the systems, although the terms of potential energy complicated the study of configuration controllability.

Controllability for single-input mechanical control systems with dissipation

Within the affine connection framework of Lagrangian control systems, basedon the results of Sussmann on small-time locally controllability of single-input affine nonlinearcontrol systems, the controllability results for mechanical control systems with single-input areextended to the case of the systems with isotropic damping, where the Lagrangian is the kineticenergy associated with a Riemannian metric. A sufficient condition of negative small-time locallycontrollability for the system is obtained. Then,it is demonstrated that such systems are small-timelocally configuration controllable if and only if the dimension of the configuration manifold isone. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the results. Lie bracketting of vector fields andthe symmetric product show the advantages in the discussion.

垂直式重力储能系统的研究进展和关键技术

基于固体重物的重力储能技术因其不依赖水资源、选址灵活、效率高等优势,未来有望成为我国北方和西北缺水地区重要的储能技术之一,可以很好地满足大规模可再生能源电力并网对储能技术的需求。然而,由于固体重物的不可流动性和不连续性,重物启停和切换过程会对机械传动和电网系统造成冲击,是固体重力储能区别于抽水蓄能的重要特征。本文首先介绍了近年来国内外基于竖井和地面构筑物的垂直式重力储能技术的研发现状和示范工程,并进一步对垂直式重力储能系统垂直提升、水平转移和自动接驳机械传动技术,以及发电电动机和并网控制技术中存在的核心技术难题进行了分析,最后对垂直式重力储能技术未来的发展趋势进行了展望。研究表明,垂直式重力储能系统尽管技术方案较多,但在重载快速提升和转移、重物启停和切换过程控制、并网控制和能效提升等方面还存在诸多技术难题有待解决,后续通过技术提升可进一步降低系统建造成本并提高系统运行的效率和寿命,有望在近期获得一定的示范应用。

职场正念的人际影响及作用机制

职场正念在人际领域的益处日渐凸显,有必要厘清其在概念发展和人际作用方面的新趋势,为组织塑造积极的职场环境提供启发。研究揭示目前存在两种不同的职场正念概念发展趋势:结果导向和过程导向,前者关注职场背景下概念与测量的统一趋势以探索有益的结果集合,后者侧重挖掘正念嵌入人际互动的过程机制;职场正念通过4种关联机制对质量和功能相关的人际结果产生影响:(1)在互动中通过开放的注意力捕捉信息以协调相互依赖工作的知识关联;(2)降低与内外部情绪体验相关的自我推断并强化与他人之间归属、支持和关怀的情感关联;(3)在互动中促进资源积累与抑制资源流失的资源关联;(4)导航资源流动方向与影响价值交换意愿的交换关联;资源和交换关联机制可辅助促进知识和情感关联机制。未来需更深入地探讨职场正念在数字化和AI技术、远程办公及职场多样化、公平与包容性文化和污名化管理等挑战性工作领域的人际作用。

联络通道施工盾构机接收对已建盾构隧道影响试验研究

联络通道机械法施工中盾构机接收对已建盾构隧道受荷变形影响机制暂不明确问题,通过设计1∶10的缩尺模型试验,开展了联络通道机械法施工中盾构机接收对已建盾构隧道影响试验研究。试验结果分析表明:联络通道机械法施工时,盾构机开挖面附加水平土压力将导致接收端已建盾构隧道对侧的土压力在中部有显著的增大,而两端则减小,即导致顶推对侧发生了水平被动土拱现象;在中间附加水平土压力作用下,隧道在中间发生了显著的竖椭圆变形,而在两端则发生了一定的横椭圆变形;隧道中间发生竖椭圆变形对上下地层形成挤压,在竖向上同样形成了被动土拱现象;隧道纵向挠曲变形时出现了一定的反弯现象。盾构隧道作为地层中的管状结构物,在地层中纵向变形分析时需要考虑横断面变形的影响。

姜虎汤对结缔组织病相关间质性肺病模型小鼠免疫炎性损伤的影响

[目的]探讨姜虎汤对博来霉素(BLM)诱导结缔组织病相关间质性肺病(CTD-ILD)模型小鼠肺间质病变的影响。[方法]采用SPF级雄性C57/BL6小鼠,经BLM(2 mg/kg)气管内滴注诱导间质性肺病模型,将造模成功的30只小鼠随机分为模型组6只、阳性药组6只、姜虎汤高、中、低剂量组各6只,另选6只未造模小鼠作为正常对照组。正常对照组和模型组予蒸馏水10 mL/(kg·d),阳性药组予泼尼松7.5 mg/(kg·d),姜虎汤高、中、低剂量组分别予姜虎汤26.66、13.33、6.67 g/(kg·d)剂量灌胃给药,其中姜虎汤高剂量组每日分2次灌胃给药。干预4周后处死小鼠,采集肺组织标本。以苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)观察肺组织病理改变;蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)技术检测肺组织高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、核因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、单磷酸腺苷(AMP)活化蛋白激酶α1(AMPKα1)、磷酸化AMPKα1(pAMPKα1)蛋白表达水平。[结果]模型组小鼠较正常对照组有明显病理改变(P<0.01),主要表现在肺组织炎症细胞浸润、间质纤维化;阳性药组肺组织炎症病变较模型组有改善(P<0.05);姜虎汤中、低组小鼠肺组织炎症细胞浸润较模型组有改善(P<0.05),姜虎汤高、中、低剂量组小鼠肺组织间质纤维化较模型组有改善(P<0.05)。Western Blot结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组小鼠肺组织中HMGB1、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.01),TGF-β1蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),AMPKα1、pAMPKα1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,姜虎汤中、低剂量组小鼠肺组织中HMGB1、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),姜虎汤高剂量组小鼠肺组织TGF-β1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),阳性药组小鼠肺组织中AMPKα1蛋白表达水平明显上调(P<0.05),姜虎汤高剂量组小鼠肺组织中pAMPKα1蛋白表达水平明显上调(P<0.05);与阳性药组比较,姜虎汤高剂量组小鼠肺组织中TGF-β1蛋白表达水平明显下调(P<0.05);姜虎汤各剂量组间比较,姜虎汤高剂量组TGF-β1蛋白表达水平与姜虎汤中剂量组差异明显(P<0.05)。[结论]姜虎汤中、低剂量组在改善小鼠肺组织炎症病理损伤,及抑制免疫炎性因子高表达的作用更具优势;姜虎汤高剂量组在改善小鼠肺组织间质纤维化、抑制纤维化生成因子高表达及上调免疫炎性抑制因子的作用更强。其分子机制可能与激活AMPK,从而抑制HMGB1/NF-κB/TGF-β1免疫炎性信号通路相关。

S135钻杆接头螺纹三维参数化建模及力学特性分析

S135钢级钻杆在矿井勘探、探放水、瓦斯抽采等钻孔施工中得到了广泛使用。然而,由于钻杆接头螺纹承受轴向拉压、扭转、弯曲及其复合载荷的循环作用,导致接头螺纹的使用寿命远远低于其设计寿命,是整个钻杆结构中最薄弱的环节。因此,通过万能拉伸试验获得钻杆接头材料的力学性能参数,经计算转化得到其本构参数,对钻杆接头进行有限元分析。为了提高有限元分析效率,推导垂直于钻杆接头轴线的螺纹截面轮廓几何表达式,基于旋转、抬升、缩径和连接节点的设计思路,提出了一种考虑钻杆接头锥度和台肩的三维螺纹参数化建模方法,并根据单元和节点之间的关系开发了钻杆接头连接的参数化三维六面体网格建模程序,通过与交互式建模方法计算结果的对比验证了其有效性和可行性。此外,对上扣扭矩、压扭及压弯扭复合载荷作用下接头外螺纹的力学特性进行了分析。结果表明:3种工况下钻杆接头外螺纹上的应力近似呈现“浴盆”形态,第1螺纹牙上的应力最大;随着圈次的增加,螺纹牙上的应力迅速下降,最后一圈螺纹牙上的应力呈现上升趋势;在弯矩的作用下,螺纹牙上的应力具有非对称特征。在接头螺纹设计时,必须考虑井眼曲率的影响并且需要重点关注接头压缩边第1螺纹牙上的应力。