Study on the Construction Technology of Subgrade Pavement in Road and Bridge Settlement Section

With the continuous development of China’s economy,the construction of roads and bridges work has put forward higher requirements.Due to various factors,the long-term use of roads and bridges will produce a settlement phenomenon.Therefore,it is crucial to address settlement issues during the construction of roads and bridges to ensure that the quality of subgrade and pavement construction meets national regulations.This paper introduces the harm of subgrade pavement subsidence,analyzes the causes of subgrade pavement deformation,and discusses the technical points of subgrade pavement construction,hoping to provide some reference for relevant practitioners.

Structural Design of Roadbed and Pavement in Transition Section of Roads and Bridges

As the lifeline of social development,road and bridge projects are the main channel to realize resource transportation and economic circulation.Ensuring the quality of road and bridge project construction is crucial for the development of society,the economy,and people’s livelihoods.This paper studies the design of roadbed pavement structures in road and bridge transition sections.It aims to provide technical references and significance for China’s road and bridge engineering design and construction units,promoting scientific and standardized design in these actions.This will contribute to the safety and stable operation of road and bridge projects,offering effective technical support.Furthermore,it seeks to foster the sustainable and healthy development of China’s road and bridge engineering on a macro level.

Toughness improvement mechanism and evaluation of cement concrete for road pavement:A review

Traditional cement concrete has the disadvantages of low tensile strength,poor toughness,and rapid development of cracks while cracking,which causes a significantly negative influence on the safety and durability of concrete road pavement.This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of toughness improvement mechanisms and evaluation methods of cement concrete for road pavement.The review indicates that(i)The performance of concrete material depends on its material composition and internal structure.Aggregate size,cement properties and admixtures are the main factors of concrete toughness.(ii)The incorporation of rubber or fiber in pavement concrete improves the toughness of concrete materials.However,these additions must be maintained within a reasonable range.The amount of rubber and fiber are encouraged not more than 30%of the volume of fine aggregate and 2%of the volume of concrete,respectively.(iii)The toughness of pavement concrete material includes the toughness regarding bending,impact and fracture.The toughness of cement concrete for highway and municipal pavement is generally evaluated by bending and fracture toughness,while the toughness of airfield pavement concrete is more focused on impact toughness.(iv)The toughening measures of cement concrete for road pavement are mainly mixed with rubber or fiber,while these two materials have their defects,and the application of hightoughness cement concrete in the actual road still faces many challenges.For example,the synergistic effect of rubber and fiber,the development and application of new flexible admixtures,and the formulation of the toughness index of pavement cement concrete materials need further research.

Technologies for Asphalt Pavement Surface Testing in Road and Bridge Construction

Asphalt pavement is currently one of the main components in the construction of roads and bridges.However,from a practical point of view,various quality problems are prone to occur in the surface layer of asphalt pavement,which will lead to the poor overall quality of road and bridge projects.Therefore,it should be applied reasonably.Advanced testing technologies are used to test the mixture quality,compaction,segregation,thickness,and other aspects of the asphalt pavement surface layer,so as to improve the quality of the asphalt pavement surface layer,and then improve the overall quality of road and bridge construction.Therefore,this paper mainly analyzes the technologies for asphalt pavement surface layer testing in road and bridge engineering construction.

The Effects of Road and Other Pavement Materials on Urban Heat Island (A Case Study of Port Harcourt City)

Urban centers are consistently exhibiting higher temperature than its surrounding suburban rural areas. The large amount of heat generated from urban structures such as road materials and pavement materials and other anthropogenic heat sources are the main causes of Urban Heat Island (UHI). The sources of data for this research included primary and secondary sources. Other techniques employed for data collection were direct measurement and readings on the road and pavement materials. The research found out that, there was consistency in rising temperature at different time of the day by the different road and pavement materials. Asphalt has the greatest effect of increasing the urban temperature four degrees higher, followed by concrete, three degree rise in temperature, and earth (ordinary ground) by two degree rise and vegetation (grass) by one degree rise in temperature. The overall effect on the residents of the study area ranges from increase in hotness of the day;44.6% respondents agrees;while 34.3% says it affects the ambient air quality of the area, and other effects such as increased ground level ozone, suffocation, sleeplessness and restlessness as a result of excessive high temperature especially at night are identified in this paper. The research recommends the review or redesigning of the entire Port Harcourt city Master Plan to make provision for creation of more green areas rather than pavements and concreted areas to reduce the effects of (UHI) and ultimately improve the comfort and living conditions of the people in a the garden city Port Harcourt.

Control Points of the Compaction Technology for Subgrades and Pavements in Municipal Road Engineering

With the rapid development of current social economy,China’s infrastructure construction is constantly increasing.The development of transportation industry and road structure which serve as infrastructure facility for the vehicles are fundamental aspect in economy growth.It’s not only convenience to people for travel,but also as a good foundation for the development of economy.Therefore,the quality of road construction is of great significance importance in the process of development.As technology advances,engineering construction is continuously expanding,especially in the road engineering sector.In this point,it’s necessary to impose strict quality control over related matters and ensure the quality and safety of municipal road construction.In the construction of municipal road engineering,one of the most important components is the compaction of subgrades and pavements,which requires more supervision.The compaction should match the requirements of road design and implement relevant work.

Structural Design of Asphalt Pavement for Low Cost Rural Roads

On the basis of the equivalent axle load action frequency, the traffic classifications of rural roads as well as their corresponding types are classified. The asphalt pavement structure, road surface types and thickness of the rural roads are suggested for the various action frequency of the equivalent axle load. Furthermore, the roadbase thickness graphs are provided according to different equivalent axle load action frequency with different roadbed modulus and road surface modulus taken into account.

A System for Road Pavement Composite Material Deformation

For a comprehensive experimental evaluation of the material quality, forecast of the properties and parameter change of the bituminous material was made at the time under the impact of external factors, they are subjected to the necessary tests. In the article the automated set “Tomsk-Asphalt-Test” for determining the elastic modulus of the specimens made of bituminous materials was used in road pavements, maximally close to natural conditions of operation of highways of the Siberian region inRussiaare described. The automated set contains: electromechanical, climate, electronic, PC and software subsystem. The operation principle is a short-time deformation of the asphalt specimens;measurement of physical values: the stress, strain, variation of the size line and temperature of the asphalt pavement material test specimen, converting the measured values into electrical signals, their program processing and visualization. The control of testing and viewing results of measurements is carried out in accordance with the menu software subsystem. The results of calculations: the maximum values of vertical load the difference between the maximum horizontal deformation value and the value measured last after specimen of asphalt material loading for each test cycle, the sum of the differences of the horizontal deformation values of the two sensors and modulus of elasticity.

High-Speed Road Measurement Systems： Integration of Pavement and General Mapping Laser Technologies

Performing surveys on a single section of a road is quite different from that on a road network. In the first case, the need for performance characteristics of the pavement may be of service to rehabilitation. Surveying a road network, instead, aims to establish service levels, identify deficiencies and priorities and define budgets for maintenance. This challenge needs a methodological approach in order to widen the action plan and optimize the cost-benefit analysis of each asset through the use of preventive maintenance policies. High-speed monitoring systems on the market were specialized towards the necessity of measuring specific performance of the pavement or mapping land （data inventory）. The technological development of instrumentations such as inertial systems and synchronizers has enabled the integration of different devices and the achievement of the best correlation of data. This is the case of the LARAN （laser road analyzer）, whose helpfulness will be presented within a case study in which geometrical data and surface characteristic information-cracks, texture, profiles-were obtained through a unique survey. The cross-analysis resulted efficient for safety purposes and also for the identification of “black points” corresponding to boundary operative conditions of the road with respect to technical standards and recommendations.

Subgrade and Pavement Design Strategies for Different Road Settlement Sections

The quality of road engineering construction largely determines the road operation safety and driving comfort. However, in road engineering construction, the settlement of subgrade and pavement has always been an insurmountable problem. Therefore, in road construction practice, targeted treatment should be carried out for the sections prone to settlement, and subgrade and pavement design strategies for these settlement sections should be carried out, so as to reduce the risk of settlement and ensure the improvement of road engineering quality and safety.

Technical Analysis of Subgrade and Pavement Construction in Settlement Section of Municipal Road and Bridge Engineering

The construction of municipal roads and bridges is an important foundation for the smooth traveling and transportation.However,if there a reduction in the subgrade and pavement part,the safety and the comfort of the driver will be seriously affected,therefore,reasonable measures should be taken on time to tackle the related issues.The significance of subgrade and pavement construction in the subsidence section,the key points of the construction,and the appropriate control measures that are should be taken in the actual construction,was discussed in this paper.Further,this paper analyzes the availability of the subgrade and pavement construction technology for the municipal roads and bridges,to provide a reference for engineers.

Using Sorghum Stalk as a Partial Replacement of Lime in the Stabilization of Red Clay Soil for Road Sub-Grade Construction

This research aimed at testing the viability of using Sorghum Stalk Ash (SSA) as a partial replacement of lime in the stabilization of red clay soils for road subgrade construction. Red clay soils have been identified as highly expansive soils, which are affected by both climatic conditions and loading patterns. The consideration of both traffic loading patterns and climatic effects on these soils has been taken into account. A penetration test of 2.5 mm has been used on both pure red soils and stabilized soils at 10% and 15% partial replacement of lime with SSA and showed an improvement in the CBR of stabilized red clay soils up to 11.6%. Again, the PI of stabilized soils at 15% partial replacement of lime reduced up to 11.2%. The results obtained on both CBR and PI of these red clay soils are within the recommended values for the effective subgrade required for laying both permanent and flexible pavements. As a result, a recommendation of making use of SSA to lower the quantities of lime and its costs used in the stabilization of highly expansive soils have been tested through this research. However, further research on a more percentage partial replacement of lime to improve the PI of these soils to below 10% while keeping the CBR levels within the road construction regulations is welcomed.

刚柔复合式路面结构与材料及发展趋势

刚柔复合式路面作为一种耐久性路面结构,广泛应用于重载交通、特殊地质条件、桥隧铺装等工程。为进一步推动耐久性刚柔复合式路面的应用,明确研究中的关键问题及发展方向,该文综述了国内外刚柔复合式路面的相关研究进展。在梳理刚柔复合式路面结构设计理论及施工技术的基础上,首先阐述了刚柔复合式路面的结构力学行为特征,分析了沥青面层和刚性基层的荷载应力、温度应力及其交互影响,刚性基层上的沥青面层一方面直接承受荷载和环境作用,另一方面可以改善下卧结构层的应力场和温度场,是影响刚柔复合式路面服役性能及使用寿命的关键;明确了刚柔复合式路面的病害主要出现在沥青面层,由于沥青面层与刚性基层之间的模量差异巨大,刚性基层上的沥青面层更倾向于产生压剪破坏,刚性基层的开裂以及刚‒柔层间的结合状态对沥青路面的性能也有着显著影响;最后,分别从沥青面层抗剪、基层板整体性、刚‒柔层间结合3个方面归纳了刚柔复合式路面性能的提升技术。基于刚柔复合式路面的结构力学特性,开展结构‒高性能材料一体化设计是提升刚柔复合式路面使用性能和耐久性的有效途径。

基于三级养护标准的沥青路面预养护方案多目标加权灰靶决策

针对沥青路面最佳预防性养护策略选择问题,结合关于沥青路面预防性养护指标及规范标准,建立了基于判断性指标、综合性指标和控制性指标的三级预防性养护判断标准。在此标准下,以多年度项目级养护规划为研究对象,结合GM(1,1)预测模型确定预防性养护时段,并引入多目标智能加权灰靶决策模型对适用性预防性养护方案进行优化决策。在此过程中,确定了养护费用、耐久性等8个养护目标并利用博弈论组合赋权法确定权重,选取G30连霍高速甘肃省境内某路段进行决策分析。结果表明:该路段最早需要开展预防性养护的时间为第3年,在第6年底之后不宜再实施预防性养护,在该预防性养护时段内,方案4的综合效益值最大,其值为0.735 8,即应在第4年采取超薄层罩面预养护措施。该方法简单实用,可成为沥青路面预防性养护策略选择的一种新方法。

改性彩色沥青路面色彩耐久性与抗滑性能研究

为提高彩色沥青路面色彩耐久性并研究其抗滑性能,采用有机硅-聚丙酸酯(silane-modified polyacrylate,SMP)对彩色沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料(color stone mastic asphalt,CSMA)和彩色开级配抗滑表层(color open graded friction course,COGFC)2种混合料改性,借助小型加速加载设备进行对彩色沥青路面进行色彩耐久性评价,并通过三维扫描仪进行路面纹理信息采集,分析路面三维参数与其抗滑性能之间的关系。结果表明,SMP改性剂可有效提高CSMA、COGFC两种混合料的抗磨耗能力,提升彩色沥青色彩耐久性;CSMA及COGFC路面抗滑性能受到不同三维参数的影响,路面的摩擦系数模型由各自相关因子控制,增加路面暴露的集料数量和使用尖角集料能使彩色沥青路面的抗滑性能得到提升。

流体加热融雪系统运行对道路结构温度分布特性影响分析

为了明确流体加热道路融雪系统运行对道路结构短期/长期温度分布特性的影响,利用室外足尺试验系统对比分析了普通水泥混凝土路面结构与流体加热道路融雪系统道路结构在温度、温变速率及温度梯度分布特性等方面的差异,阐明了系统运行对道路结构短期/长期温度分布特性的影响规律。结果表明:融雪系统运行初期,快速上升的流体温度对管壁-路面材料界面存在强烈的温度冲击作用;随着系统持续运行,管壁-路面材料界面的温变速率逐渐减小并趋于稳定,且小于普通路面最大温变速率;同时,融雪系统的运行增大了路面结构内部的温度梯度,改变了路面结构一定深度范围内的热量传递方向。融雪系统道路结构年周期温度分布的观测结果表明:融雪系统的运行可在较短的时间内释放大量热能,降低了道路结构内部热量的散失,有效延缓了季节性冰冻地区冬季道路结构温度的降低及冻结深度的发展。

基于融雪效果的导电沥青路面电极优化设计

导电沥青混凝土结构设计过程中,电极的设计与优化是关键工作,决定着导电沥青路面的导电效率,影响路面融冰雪的效果。在前期试验研究的基础上,选择两种最具代表性的电极形式进行影响因素分析及优化方案设计,分别改变电极的间距、长度、材质进行实验,对比导电沥青试件的融雪效果。优化结果显示,选择铜作为电极材料,并综合考虑成本及后期对路面使用性能的影响,推荐最佳电极形式为单束铜电极,且间距为4 cm时沥青路面性价比及升温效果最佳。

基于NAR-ARIMA组合模型的高速公路沥青路面破损状况预测

基于NAR神经网络模型和ARIMA传统时间序列预测模型,对高速公路沥青路面的破损状况进行预测,再分别通过最优加权法和残差优化法对两种预测模型进行组合,得到两种组合模型.对各单一模型和组合模型的精度和稳定性进行了比较分析.实例分析表明,组合模型相较于单一模型的精度和稳定性均有所提升,NAR-ARIMA最优加权组合模型预测效果最佳.该组合模型所需样本量较小,且基于时间序列.由于采用历史数据作为影响因素代替指标,该组合模型计算速度快、精度高,适用于日常的预测工作,为后续合理的道路养护决策提供了重要的理论依据.

基于探地雷达时频特征的水泥路面脱空识别

脱空病害在水泥路面中不可避免,危害路面结构安全性,迫切需要建立脱空病害区域的准确定位方法。采用探地雷达(GPR)为无损检测工具,通过GPR信号时频特征的提取和正反演实验构建了脱空病害的特征数据集,将特征集进行PCA降维,以PCA主元为输入、正常和脱空为输出分别建立SVM和ANN脱空识别模型;在获得脱空的GPR信号上提出窗口能量法判断脱空区域的深度,在实际路面上对脱空识别进行验证。结果表明:时频特征可表征脱空病害,包含病害的部分数据集更适合用于建模识别;ANN的识别准确度优于SVM,窗口能量法可有效定位脱空区域的深度,并对噪声具有一定的鲁棒性,在室内模型中定位精度平均误差1.51%。研究结果可为路面精准养护提供科学依据。

基于ReliefF-RBF的路面不平度识别算法研究

路面不平度对道路车辆行驶安全性及车辆动力学响应具有重要影响。通过将路面不平度识别与先进悬架控制结合,有望能进一步提升乘员舒适性和车辆的操纵稳定性。现有基于数据驱动的路面分类方法难以高效处理时变参数与车速,现有基于模型的路面识别算法需要已知精确车辆模型,在实际应用中面临车辆物理参数难以获得的问题。提出一种融合模型和数据驱动的路面分类算法,采用基于模型的方法反算等效路面轮廓,结合数据预处理方法,对车辆响应和反算等效路面轮廓数据进行滤波;对等效路面轮廓和响应信息进行时域频域特征计算,采用ReliefF算法进行关键特征提取,构建基于径向基函数神经网络的路面分类器,进行路面分级识别;通过仿真试验和实车试验验证了不同车辆参数和车速下所提出的算法鲁棒性。