A two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of pavement of geothermal road snow-melting system (GRSS) with solar energy storage is established and numerical simulation is carried out based on annual hourly meteorol...A two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of pavement of geothermal road snow-melting system (GRSS) with solar energy storage is established and numerical simulation is carried out based on annual hourly meteorological data and boundary conditions. Simulated results show that ground surface temperature and heating flux decrease with the increase of buried depth, but increase with the increase of fluid temperature in winter. Heat-extracted amount and efficiency drop with the increase of fluid temperature in summer.Compared with ambient temperature, solar radiation has more direct influence on the heat-extracted flux of pipe walls of GRSS in summer. The relationships among maximum and idling snow-melting load, the rate of snowfall, ambient temperature and wind speed are made clear, which provides necessary references for the design and optimization of a practical road snow-melting system.展开更多
Isotope hydrograph separation （IHS） is a basic tool in applied hydrology. Its application has expanded to surface water and groundwater interaction, and eco-hydrological processes from runoff generation processes. T...Isotope hydrograph separation （IHS） is a basic tool in applied hydrology. Its application has expanded to surface water and groundwater interaction, and eco-hydrological processes from runoff generation processes. This paper reviews the progress made in IHS for alpine catchments, with emphasis on its significance in reflecting the impact of global change on water resources. Also, the principle of IHS and its uncertainties are explained in detail. The mechanism of variation of stable isotopes in snow-melt water is discussed, and then methods are presented to improve the separation during snow-melt such as volume weighted average method （VWA）, current melt-water method （CMW） and runoff-corrected event water approach （RunCE）, with their advantages and disadvantages explained. New approaches may extend the applications of IllS, for example, large basin studies combined with GIS, and develop new theories of runoff generation combined with other pararneters such as deuterium excess and DOC.展开更多
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology Development Foundation(No.013112811-1).
文摘A two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of pavement of geothermal road snow-melting system (GRSS) with solar energy storage is established and numerical simulation is carried out based on annual hourly meteorological data and boundary conditions. Simulated results show that ground surface temperature and heating flux decrease with the increase of buried depth, but increase with the increase of fluid temperature in winter. Heat-extracted amount and efficiency drop with the increase of fluid temperature in summer.Compared with ambient temperature, solar radiation has more direct influence on the heat-extracted flux of pipe walls of GRSS in summer. The relationships among maximum and idling snow-melting load, the rate of snowfall, ambient temperature and wind speed are made clear, which provides necessary references for the design and optimization of a practical road snow-melting system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 40672171)the Innovation Chinese Academy of Sciences (GrantProgram of kzcx2-yw-127)
文摘Isotope hydrograph separation （IHS） is a basic tool in applied hydrology. Its application has expanded to surface water and groundwater interaction, and eco-hydrological processes from runoff generation processes. This paper reviews the progress made in IHS for alpine catchments, with emphasis on its significance in reflecting the impact of global change on water resources. Also, the principle of IHS and its uncertainties are explained in detail. The mechanism of variation of stable isotopes in snow-melt water is discussed, and then methods are presented to improve the separation during snow-melt such as volume weighted average method （VWA）, current melt-water method （CMW） and runoff-corrected event water approach （RunCE）, with their advantages and disadvantages explained. New approaches may extend the applications of IllS, for example, large basin studies combined with GIS, and develop new theories of runoff generation combined with other pararneters such as deuterium excess and DOC.
