Health checks are key features of primary and secondary disease prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the sex- and age-specific association of social status and health-related behaviors with health check at...Health checks are key features of primary and secondary disease prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the sex- and age-specific association of social status and health-related behaviors with health check attendance in eligible persons. Data were derived from the Kanazawa Study 2011 (n = 12,781), a cross-sectional study which investigated all the residents in model areas of Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. We selected participants aged 23 years or older with National Health Insurance (n = 4920). Attendance at health checks was the outcome. We used social status and health-related behaviors as predictor variables. We analyzed them by sex and applied stratified analyses by age groups for each sex. The bivariate analyses were conducted by means of cross-tabs. We calculated health check attendance rates by each variable. We used Pearson’s χ2-test to examine statistically significant differences. We fitted logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of attendance in the past one year. We computed ORs in a logistic regression model containing all variables described above. Workingmen and women aged 23 to 39 years and aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance compared with non-working persons. Men, men aged 23 to 39 years and men aged 65 years or older with more physical activity had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance. Male ex-smokers, female ex- and non-smokers, male ex-smokers aged 65 years or older, and female non-smokers aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs. The findings suggest that population groups with lower social status or increased risks of adverse health effects are less likely to attend health checks than those with higher social status or decreased risks in particular sex and age groups. It indicates that diverse approaches are required to realize the full benefit of health checks.展开更多
目的：探讨个性化护理对男性精神分裂症患者遵医行为和社会功能的影响。方法：选取2014年3~12月我院收治的84例男性精神分裂症患者,随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各42例,观察组采用精神科常规药物治疗和护理,观察组在此基础上给予个...目的：探讨个性化护理对男性精神分裂症患者遵医行为和社会功能的影响。方法：选取2014年3~12月我院收治的84例男性精神分裂症患者,随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各42例,观察组采用精神科常规药物治疗和护理,观察组在此基础上给予个性化护理措施,采用根据护理社会学不遵医行为的影响因素自行设计的影响患者不遵医行为问卷、住院精神患者社会功能评定量表（scale of cocial-skills for psychiatric impatients,SSPI）进行评定,比较两组男性精神分裂症患者不遵医行为和社会功能。结果：个性化护理4周、8周后,观察组SSPI评分明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）;个性化护理4周、8周后观察组患者的不遵医行为明显低于对照组,具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：个性化护理能有效提高男性精神分裂症患者的遵医行为,恢复其社会功能。展开更多
文摘Health checks are key features of primary and secondary disease prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the sex- and age-specific association of social status and health-related behaviors with health check attendance in eligible persons. Data were derived from the Kanazawa Study 2011 (n = 12,781), a cross-sectional study which investigated all the residents in model areas of Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. We selected participants aged 23 years or older with National Health Insurance (n = 4920). Attendance at health checks was the outcome. We used social status and health-related behaviors as predictor variables. We analyzed them by sex and applied stratified analyses by age groups for each sex. The bivariate analyses were conducted by means of cross-tabs. We calculated health check attendance rates by each variable. We used Pearson’s χ2-test to examine statistically significant differences. We fitted logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of attendance in the past one year. We computed ORs in a logistic regression model containing all variables described above. Workingmen and women aged 23 to 39 years and aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance compared with non-working persons. Men, men aged 23 to 39 years and men aged 65 years or older with more physical activity had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance. Male ex-smokers, female ex- and non-smokers, male ex-smokers aged 65 years or older, and female non-smokers aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs. The findings suggest that population groups with lower social status or increased risks of adverse health effects are less likely to attend health checks than those with higher social status or decreased risks in particular sex and age groups. It indicates that diverse approaches are required to realize the full benefit of health checks.
文摘目的：探讨个性化护理对男性精神分裂症患者遵医行为和社会功能的影响。方法：选取2014年3~12月我院收治的84例男性精神分裂症患者,随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各42例,观察组采用精神科常规药物治疗和护理,观察组在此基础上给予个性化护理措施,采用根据护理社会学不遵医行为的影响因素自行设计的影响患者不遵医行为问卷、住院精神患者社会功能评定量表（scale of cocial-skills for psychiatric impatients,SSPI）进行评定,比较两组男性精神分裂症患者不遵医行为和社会功能。结果：个性化护理4周、8周后,观察组SSPI评分明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）;个性化护理4周、8周后观察组患者的不遵医行为明显低于对照组,具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：个性化护理能有效提高男性精神分裂症患者的遵医行为,恢复其社会功能。
