Routing protocol based on social characteristics for opportunistic networks

Opportunistic networks are derived from delay tolerant networks, where mobile nodes have no end-to-end connections. Nodes are represented by people, which means that opportunistic networks can be regarded as social networks. Human mobility plays an important role in affecting the performance of forwarding protocols in social networks, furthermore, the trajectory of people＇s movements are driven by social characteristics. However, current routing protocols rely on simple mobility models, and rarely consider social characteristics. Considering two heterogeneous network models, an social opportunistic networks routing（SONR） was proposed which brings an adapted discrete Markov chain into nodes＇ mobility model and calculates the transition probability between successive status. Comparison was made between Spray, Wait and Epidemic protocol. Simulation show that SONR can improve performance on delivery ratio, delivery latency and network overhead, meanwhile. SONR approaches the performance of Epidemic routing.

An Overview of Overseas Interpretation of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

with the rise of China,how to correctly understand the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a hot issue in the international community.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the product of the Sinicization of Marxism,and its core point is the leadership of the Communist Party of China.This is the basic perspective to explain this path.From the perspective of the historical process of world modernization,the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has broken the exclusive situation of Western modernization and provides a new choice for those countries and nations that want to accelerate development while maintain their own independence.

Reflections on a New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has gone through dificulties and reached a new level.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that socialism with Chinese char-acteristics has entered a new era and it is our new historical position.This judgement is an important content of Xi Jjin-ping’s thought on the socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.From the perspective of theory,history and reality,the Marxism Times Thought is its theoretical basis;The Party's practice and recognition of keeping pace with the times is its historical basis;Canstantly promoting the pew development qf socialism with Chinese characteristics is its realistic requirement.

The Internal Logic and Value Pursuit of Green Development of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Communists.Comprehensive understanding and mastering the internal logic and value pursuit of the green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is in favor of upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new situation,implementing the strictest ecological and environmental protection system,and unswervingly taking the path of innovation,coordination,green development,openness and sharing,and providing ideological powers and operational guidance for the construction of a Beautiful China and the modernization of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Important Statements on Respecting and Protecting Human Rights are Integral Parts of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights have deepened the theoretical and practical cognition of the Communist party of China on human rights and opened up a new realm of socialist human rights theory with Chinese characteristics. They are major original theories responding to the demands of the times to realize national rejuvenation, fundamental guidelines for the development of China’s human rights for a new era, the most comprehensive, systematic and scientific human rights theoretical system of the Cp C so far, and integral parts of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Fra. The essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights expound on the purpose, the path, the system, and the practice of human rights in China and offer valuable guidance for the development of the global human rights cause. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights establish a scientific guideline for the future development of human rights. They are of great significance to the promotion of broader and fuller enjoyment of human rights by the people, the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the improvement of international influence of China’s discourse power on human rights, and the better development of the world human rights cause.

National Security Theory with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated changes unseen in a century,ushering profound transitions in the development environment of China.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core,maintains a firm hold on the strategic initiative in ensuring China’s security.It has developed new understandings and new ideas of the laws underlying national security,and emphasized the need to take a holistic approach to national security.This holistic approach is a powerful theoretical instrument that has become a fundamental guideline by incorporating China-specific characteristics to safeguarding and shaping national security.We must conscientiously study a holistic approach to national security to strengthen our consciousness of the need to keep in alignment with the Party Central Committee.We must closely follow the Party Central Committee in terms of our thinking,political orientation,and actions.We should put into practice Xi Jinping Thought on the Governance of China and implement the strategic decision to coordinate the needs of both development and security.We must remain committed to the principle of complying with China’s overall interests in ensuring both development and security as our nation marches toward rejuvenation.We must arm ourselves with Xi Jinping’s national security theory with Chinese characteristics for a new era and use it to guide our practices,thereby enhancing our professional abilities,quality,and methodologies to achieve levels commensurate with the requirements of a major and responsible country.We should adeptly align our efforts to the big picture of ensuring China’s national security in a holistic manner.

Basic Categories of the Chinese Socialist Human Rights Theory

The basic categories of the Chinese socialist human rights theory consist of four elements, namely, human rights history, human rights concepts, human rights attributes and human rights protection. The category of the human rights history includes ancient notions of human rights, classical human rights theory, Marxist human rights theory and the sinicized Marxist human rights theory. The category of human rights concepts includes the subjects, contents, forms, classification, origin and essence of human rights. The category of human rights attributes includes universality and particularity of human rights, harmony and confrontation between human rights, politicalness and a-politicalness of human rights, indivisibility between rights and duties, and conditioning of state power by human rights. The category of human rights protection includes human rights and sovereignty, human rights and democracy, human rights and the rule of law, human rights and property, human rights duty holders, and human rights education.

The Inherent Logic and Developmental Tendency of the Practice of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics:A Structural Analytical Framework for the Questions of “Where Did China Come From?” and “Where Should China Go?”

The practice of more than 30 years of building socialism with Chinese characteristics contains within it a five-step evolution： ＂functional thinking → government leadership theoretical guidance → hybrid structure → the people in the principal position＂; in the course of the further development of the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the important responsibility and mission of Chinese Communists （exercising governance for the people） and the new expectations of the people （innovative practice） determine that its basic tendency should be to carry out reform and breakthroughs at three levels： ＂deep structures → core institutions → operational means,＂ embodied in ＂structural adjustment → restructuring → change of methods →construction of order.＂

Contributions Invited for the English Edition of the Journal Studies on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Studies on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics(Chinese edition)is a bimonthly academic journal dedicated to the study of the socialist road with Chinese characteristics. The journal was launched in 1995 and now is jointly sponsored

Mao Zedong Is the Great Founder, Explorer and Pioneer of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

As early as the revolutionary wars, Mao Zedong clearly pointed out the future path of the Chinese revolution： to go through the new democratic revolution and advance uninterruptedly into the stage of socialist revolution, and finally to build socialism and communism. After the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, he created and continuously improved the socialist economic system and the corresponding political system, led the large-scale socialist economic, political and cultural construction, established the institutional preconditions, ideological guarantees and material basis for socialism with Chinese characteristics, and brouglat about a favorable external environment for China＇s socialist construction. During this process, Mao originated a series of theories about China＇s socialist construction. In proposing to achieve the second combination of the universal truth of Marxism with China＇s realities and to go China＇s own way and explore a path of building socialism which suits China＇s national conditions and has Chinese characteristics, he madea great theoretical contribution to the history of China＇s socialist development. His ideas provided ample ideological gestation and theoretical preparation for the second historic leap of the sinicization of Marxism. They served not only as the starting point of the history and logic of the theory, road and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics but also as one of the guiding principles of China＇s revolution, construction and reform. Mao＇s exploration left us with experience of success and lessons from mistakes, both of which enabled us to store up valuable experience and important inspiration for today＇s construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, whether in terms of historical practice or theoretical logic, Mao is the great founder, explorer and pioneer of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Socialism with Chinese characteristics in a comparative vision

Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a product of the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with Chinese realities and the primary stage of socialism in China, marked by reform and opening up. In this stage capital and market exist and play important roles and capitalism is utilized for the Chinese modernization drive under the leadership of the Communist Party. With changes in historical conditions, the ideal of scientific socialism raised by Marx and Engels is confronted with a lot of challenges. It is the historical mission of Chinese Marxists to take up the gauntlet in response to these challenges and solve the historical enigma of human development in contemporary society.

The Logic of Self-Justification of China’s Anti-Epidemic Effectiveness

The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 is a syndrome of economic,social and governance crises.It is not only a test of the medical and health system of a country or a region,but also a test of the emergency management system and the comprehensive governance capacity.Based on the complexity of epidemic prevention and control,no single factor can explain and respond to the"exceptional status"of epidemic prevention and control.Only by applying the"Theory of History Resultant Force",establishing systematic thinking,and comprehensively reviewing and analyzing can we comprehensively and objectively clarify its pros and cons.Having taken advantage of the party’s leadership,the nationwide system,and the Socialism with Chinese characteristics with a broad mass base and strong material support,China has achieved obvious results in a relatively short period of time in the process of epidemic prevention and control.It provides other countries or regions with Chinese experience,and Chinese wisdom for anti-epidemic efforts.

Reform and opening up are a powerful motive force for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics

The history of China＇s reform and opening up are at the same time the history of the theoretical exploration of the Sinicization of Marxism. The in-depth movement of emancipating the mind represents a great leap ahead for both the practice and the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The great practice of three decades of reform and opening up has given us a store of valuable historical experience and provided a practical and scientific foundation for the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Reform and opening up are a tremendous impetus to socialism with Chinese characteristics. To adhere to this theoretical system is in effect to adhere to the viewpoint of the emancipation of the mind, seeking truth from facts and the productive forces criterion, as well as to the scientific concept of development and the correct outlook on reform. Taking this theoretical system as our guide is of the utmost importance for further reform and opening up and the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Contributions Invited for the English Edition of the Journal Studies on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Studies on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (Chinese edition) is a bimonthly academic journal dedicated to the study of the socialist road with Chinese characteristics.The journal was launched in 1995 and now is jointly sponsored by Beijing Federation of Social Sciences Circles, Beijing Research Center for Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,

Concerted Practice of the Four–Pronged Comprehensive Strategy Together with the “Five Development Concepts”

The practice of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics requires the concerted practice of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy together with the five major development concepts.First,the implementation of the five major development concepts can be deemed as the precursor to the country's goal of building a moderately prosperous society.To this end,we shall innovatively tackle the developmental problems,coordinate social and economical development,leverage sound economic growth and resource exploitation,and practice open development strategies for the goal of creating prosperity for the entire population of China.Also,with the five major development concepts as a prerequisite for deepening reform,new measures shall be taken to creatively solve specific reform issues.Coordination shall be considered to keep all measures in one system and entity.We shall take green development concept to remove all the obstacles on our path to reform,and take opening-up concept to keep transparent and impartial reform atmosphere and sharing concept to ensure the beneficial policies and projects for the well being of all people.Moreover,implementing the five major development concepts as the foundation for law-based governance of China,innovation shall be made to develop a complete,standardized legal system,and coordination shall be developed for the legal guarantee of concerted and upgraded national hard and soft power.We shall take the green development concept for an equal legal environment,the opening-up concept to build law-based awareness for the whole society,and the sharing concept to benefit all people with fairness and righteousness in every judicial case.The five major development concepts shall be the cornerstone for strengthening Party self-discipline,by which we shall innovatively enhance Party leadership,coordinately build the Party and the Party's leading role,build a sound,orderly and vigorous political structure within the Party with green development concept.

Innovation of Chinese Discourse in the Context of Reform and Opening Up

Through reform and opening up,China has moved from the edge of the world arena to the center and this great historical change in its development has created new requirements for the innovation of Chinese discourse.The remarkable achievements of reform and opening up have not only maintained the vitality of Chinese discourse,but also built the inherent foundation for holding confidence in discourse.The key reason why the policy of reform and opening up has facilitated the historic construction of Chinese discourse is that it is a scientific answer to the questions of our times about how to build socialism in a country relatively backward in the level of economy and education.In a new era for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the innovations and development of Chinese discourse have shown new features rarely seen before,among which the most significant is that constructing Chinese discourse is no longer a matter of individual cases but more of a common phenomenon.In the historic journey towards an all-round in-depth reform,broader theoretical space has been created for Chinese discourse.In addition,it is an important signpost in the path of promoting innovative development of Chinese discourse in a new era,namely,how to"tell China’s stories well",and establish an appropriate mode for conveying Chinese discourse to the world.

Overview of the Symposium on Human Rights Cause in China in the New Era

The symposium on the "Progress of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China" was jointly hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Guangdong Provincial Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and organized by Guangzhou University Institute for Human Rights in Guangzhou on 19 December 2017. Scholars and experts from more than 20 universities and institutes, as well as delegates from over 10 ministries and commissions under the State Council participated in the symposium. The symposium explored four themes: "Human Rights Connotations in Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era", "The Progress of Human Rights Development in China after the 18 th National Congress of the CPC", "The Prospective of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China", as well as "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and the Progress of the Human Rights Development of the World". This Paper is a record of the important opinions articulated during the Symposium.

Party Politics in Socialist Countries:One Hundred Years of Exploration

Over the long history of political civilization,the 100 years of the party politics of socialist countries has emerged as a new form of politics.Exploration of the last 100 years of the party politics of socialist countries deals with the self-governance and national governance of Marxist ruling parties.It reflects intraparty relationships,interparty relationships,relationships between party and government and relationships between party and society,as well as foreign relations,and spans three historical periods,comprising the first establishment of party politics in Soviet Russia;the adoption of party rule in other countries,with concomitant setbacks;and the achievement by China,Vietnam and other countries of party political innovation and development.A review of the experience of the past hundred years shows that success in making party politics the basic system in socialist countries and in tapping its full potential is attributable to the efforts made by Marxist ruling parties to undertake fruitful theoretical reflection and grasp values,adhere to the truth and correct mistakes on the basis of exceptional strategic confidence and policy commitment,while constantly opening up new stages of theoretical understanding and practical development.The party politics of socialist countries in the 21 st century drives their modernization andcultivates and improves their practice.The union of the two in the magnificent historical process of the sustainable development of socialist institutional civilization will have major and far-reaching significance for building a brighter future for humanity.

SPECIAL ISSUE： IMPORTANT ISSUES IN MARXIST PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA：The issue of style of study in research on Marxist philosophy

Style of study is a fundamental prerequisite for studies of Marxist philosophy. A Marxist way of study requires firstly taking up the standpoint of the masses; secondly, an unwavering attitude of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts and progressing with the times; and thirdly, consciously espousing the method of joining theory and practice. Building up Chinese-style socialism is the greatest reality in China and is the locus of the fundamental interest of the mass of the people. It is the requirement and actualization of the principle of ＂emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts and progressing with the time.＂ It is the historical mission of Marxist philosophical studies to serve the practice of Chinese-style socialism.