Rural Development Transformation and Social Governance from the Perspective of Specialization:A Case Study of Ruiling Village in Guangzhou City,China

The reorganization of the global production network and the increased mobility of urban-rural elements have accelerated the differentiation of rural spaces,resulting in a trend towards specialization in rural areas.This paper focuses on the concept of specialization,and takes a renowned bonsai specialized village in Guangzhou City,China as a typical case to explore its transformation and development process,action logic and coupling mechanism with the social governance.The results show that:1)the development of rural specialization in Ruiling Village is shaped by several key actors,such as local governments,grassroots organizations,villagers,social organizations,policies,markets and infrastructure.The transfer of these key actors and the reconstruction of actor-networks in different stages have an important influence on the transformation and realization of rural development goals.2)Through subjects-driven,organization management and resource connection,social governance supports the specialization of rural industrial organization,operation,technology and mode.The governance structure shifts from decentralization to networking,refinement and integration.A coupling community of social governance and specialization is created by the social governance system of‘local government-grassroots organizationseconomic cooperatives-villagers’,which links industries,industrial chains and cooperatives.3)Social governance integrates into the value chain extension process of rural specialized development with a central,multi-level organizational structure.It promotes the construction of the whole value chain through organizational planning,resource integration and image shaping,thus realizing the value,branding and organization of the industry,as well as the integration of rural sustainable development and governance mechanism.Social governance has a profound impact on the development of rural specialization in terms of subject,structure and mode,and participates in the construction of the whole value chain of rural areas.This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the coupling effect of social governance in the rural development transformation,and promotes the rural sustainable development and governance.

Review of China’s neighborhood center planning from the perspective of innovative social governance

The neighborhood center provides an implementation case for centralizing community service facilities and organizing service provision effectively,and has achieved community service improvement,which provides innovative methods for governance innovation.This paper summarizes the development process of neighborhood center planning in China,and analyzes related planning cases in Suzhou,Tianjin,Hangzhou,and Chengdu focusing on planning characteristics and operating mechanisms.Based on the case of Chongqing,it gives answer to key issues of the local application of neighborhood center planning concept.

From social management to social governance: Evolution, characteristics and innovation

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC firstly required innovative social governance in 2013. This is the CPC's focus on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the majority of the people, to maximize social harmony, and to enhance the vitality of social development. The differences between governance and management are embodied in such as the governance system, legality, resource management, and comprehensive measures, etc. Compared with the way of social management, in which the government was used to controlling and ordering all social affairs, social governance pays more attention to the process of co-operations among different parties, to more emphasis on parties' co-operations and co-governance, with a continuous and interactive process of coordinated negotiations among multiple stakeholders. Social governance pays more emphasis on respect to social and political rights of members in the society, trying to stimulate the potential of social members, so that members of the community, in the process of social governance, have rights to speak, to choose and to influence; it pays more emphasis not only on maximizing autonomy of the social organizations and community, but also emphasizes the comprehensive use of a variety of means. The constructions of social governance system should mainly consist of four aspects: first, it is to improve the quality of social grassroots governance; second, it is to stimulate the vitality of social organizations; third, it tries to become an innovative and effective system to prevent and resolve social conflicts; fourth, it is to improve the public security system. To innovate the social management system, it is not only to achieve the transformation of the idea from control to service, but also to change the governance way from inflexible to flexible, thus, to finally form the social governance structure of Party leadership, government responsibility, social coordination,and public

Research on the Collaborative Innovation Model in Regional Social Governance

Reforms in social governance are promoted by changes in social environments.Social governance models cannot be constant,and the rise of every innovative governance model is inseparable from an ever-changing society.The theoretical connotation of the collaborative innovation model in regional social governance is mainly reflected in its agents,actions,and processes.The fundamental requirements of the collaborative innovation model in regional social governance are de-administration and market-based.The key elements of the collaborative regional social governance model include:delegating power from central authorities,transferring selected social governance affairs,enhancing the development of governance capabilities in social governance agents,diversifying these agents by giving full play to the agency to strengthen the concept of collaborative governance for social governance agents,strengthening the establishment of the governance system,and ensuring the normal progress of the governance processes.The collaborative innovation model in regional social governance should be built in three aspects:a system of institutional norms,an evaluation indicator system,and law-based collaborative governance.

Hotspots and trends of environmental,social and governance(ESG)research:a bibliometric analysis

This study examines paper-level metrics in the literature on topics related to environmental,social and governance(ESG)to provide a research agenda for hotspots and trends.Based on 755 papers on ESG in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2004 to 2021,we use VOSviewer and CiteSpace to present a bibliometric review of publications,citation structure,authors,universities,countries,journals,and keywords on the topic.Additionally,the philosophy of the ESG system,factors affecting ESG,the financial outcomes of ESG,the association between ESG and corporate social responsibility(CSR),and ESG investing are presented as research hotspots.Furthermore,three research trends are identified:research on the influencing factors and economic consequences of ESG in the context of emerging markets,mechanism analysis of ESG’s impact on the capital market,and further research on ESG information disclosure and ESG ratings.Our study enriches ESG theory and provides new paths for researchers and practitioners.

黄河流域生态保护府际协作网络结构及其影响因素

黄河流域府际协作网络的建立能够为实现流域生态保护高质量发展提供现实依据。以黄河流域地方政府间有关生态保护的1 263份府际协议为样本,从社会网络视角可视化呈现黄河流域生态保护府际协作结构,以整体指标和中心度刻画府际协作网络特征,并通过二次指派程序(QAP)回归探析地理邻近性、经济发展水平、行政隶属关系、行政层级差异、合作组织网络、行政领导关系、生态保护水平7个变量对府际协作关系建立的影响。研究发现:黄河流域府际协作网络紧密,但整体网络密度仍处于较低水平;黄河流域府际协作网络呈复合式结构特征,具体表现为三角结构、星型结构、网状型结构等;河南省处于府际协作网络的核心位置,对周边地区的辐射带动作用明显;地理邻近性、经济发展水平、行政层级差异、行政领导关系和生态保护水平是当前黄河流域生态保护府际协作的主要驱动因素。

世界温州人民间外交的内在逻辑及其政策启示

新时代中国特色的外交倡导“民心相通”。世界温州人在全球范围内开展的各类民间交往活动具有鲜明的民间外交特性。世界温州人的民间外交行为并非孤立的,而是与其组织的社会与文化特征紧密相联的整体行为。世界温州人网络中蕴含着丰富的文化资本、社会资本和经济资本。其中,文化资本以泛家族主义的共同体意识为主要特征,社会资本以社会信任与社会规范为主要内容。三重资本之间的互动与相互转化是理解世界温州人民间外交活动的关键所在。世界温州人的民间外交行无意间践行着新时代“国之交在民相通”的外交理念,对我国持续推进“民心相通”的外交实践具有重要的启示。

算法时代的社会、政府与治理:变革与挑战

当下算法技术已被广泛应用于社会各个领域,给当代社会结构和政府组织带来了巨大变革,进而深刻影响了“国家-社会”关系和社会治理的基本样态。本文首先从国家与社会二分的角度出发,系统梳理了算法对社会结构和政府组织的影响和改变,继而论证算法时代的社会治理特征。对于社会结构而言,算法偏见改变了传统的信息获取和人际交往方式,使公民权呈现序数化特征,重塑了公民、市场与国家间的生产关系和权利关系。对政府组织来说,算法为政府提供了一种效率导向的决策方式,塑造了数据控制的运作流程和组织结构,重新定义了科层官僚的自由裁量权。基于上述变化,算法在“国家-社会”关系的共识基础、双重序数化的价值选择、偏见与透明的问责机制上深刻影响着传统的社会治理模式,为信息时代的中国式现代化道路提供了技术基础。

演化博弈视角下多方主体参与公益型邻避设施选址决策研究

为摸清公益型邻避设施项目的邻避冲突形成原因和避免措施,以演化博弈理论为基础,建立2个阶段演化博弈模型。第一个阶段建立当地政府与周边居民之间的演化博弈模型,探讨公众参与对公益型邻避设施选址的影响;第二阶段将环保NGOs作为第三方引入当地政府和周边居民利益博弈,探讨环保NGOs参与下的冲突协调机制。结果表明在没有外部介入下,政府与居民博弈几乎不能达到积极沟通-支持决策的结果,而环保NGOs介入调节了双方得失利益,为居民争取更多的环境效益,减少居民对抗政府行为和监督作用的角色提高了达到这一结果的可能性。

The Role of Certificates and Labels for Cocoa in the Face of Climate Change: A Scientific Review

Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.

省级政务大数据平台建设模式研究与启示

建设高质量政务大数据资源平台是实现跨部门、跨区域、跨层级政务信息集成融合,加快建设数字政府、提升公共服务和社会治理等数字智能化水平的重要基础工程。首先,回顾我国电子政务发展历程,并总结出传统省级政务大数据平台的3种建设模式以及存在的问题,即数据鲜活性低、数据一致性差、业务协同管理难、基础支撑力弱和总体投入高。其次,对江苏信用一体化信息资源管控平台进行案例分析,阐述以江苏案例为例的原因,针对传统建设模式存在的问题,提出对应的解决思路和总体架构设计,并梳理出江苏案例的4个借鉴价值。最后,在总结江苏研究和实践经验的基础上,归纳出5点建议,为各省研究、制定省级政务大数据平台的建设指南等政策性文件提供参考。

民族地区县级政府社会治理能力绩效评估——以桂黔7县为例

民族地区县级政府社会治理能力是我国社会治理能力的重要组成部分。在社会治理体系五大构成要素的基础上,通过“修正型德尔菲法”、AHP法以及专家赋权法,最终确定了包括56项指标的民族地区县级政府社会治理能力绩效评估指标体系。利用2022年桂黔7个县的数据,对民族地区县级政府社会治理能力绩效进行了实证分析。研究发现:社会治理能力呈现XA县>CX市>LZ县>NM县>LP县>TZ县>HJ县,从障碍度看,社会治理方式要素和社会治理内容要素是2个最主要的障碍因素,障碍度平均值分别为22.59%、22.2%,社会治理资源要素障碍度较高,均值达到20.34%,社会治理主体要素和社会治理价值要素障碍度则较低,影响较小。建议民族地区县级政府必须坚持以人民为中心的发展理念;建立上下有效互动的社会治理体系;完善党建引领县域社会治理体系;优化内部治理能力,拓展社会组织的基层服务能力。

中国体育政策府际合作关系演化研究

随着行政体制改革的深入,体育事业的复杂性和综合性不断提升,体育政策领域的府际合作愈加频繁。以1954—2021年中央部门联合发布的378份体育政策文件为数据样本,以国务院8次大规模机构变动为时间节点,阶段性划分体育政策的府际合作关系,绘制网络图并分析网络特征,构建府际合作网络拓扑结构。结果显示,体育政策网络结构由松散向耦合转变、体育政策网络主体由单一向多元转变、体育治理由碎片化回应向协同治理转变。研究表明:体育政策府际合作网络结构由简易到复杂、核心-边缘的多中心治理府际合作特征逐渐显现,构建协作型政府是实现体育治理现代化的必由之路;基于责任与利益两个维度进一步讨论府际合作关系,指出推动其他类型府际关系向协作型政府转变是实现体育治理现代化的必由之路。

论社会保障的政府责任

社会保障的发展与社会保障管理体制的变迁 ,政府责任义不容辞。我国社会保障管理体制在变革过程中 ,尤其是养老社会保障的转轨中 ,产生了巨额的转轨成本———养老金隐性债务。政府应该承担且有能力解决养老金隐性债务 ,可从财政角度采取措施化解养老金隐性债务。

中国地方政府社会管理绩效测评量表编制及应用

根据量表研制的理论与方法,通过文献调研、专家访谈、群众座谈和开放式问卷调查,从协调社会关系、规范社会行为、解决社会问题、化解社会矛盾、促进社会公正、应对社会风险和保持社会稳定等七个方面,初始编制了包含70项条目的中国地方政府社会管理绩效测评量表条目体系;运用隶属度分析、鉴别力分析和相关分析对量表条目进行实证筛选,最终形成了包括50项条目的中国地方政府社会管理绩效测评量表;通过对浙江省舟山市1300名群众进行施测,统计分析结果表明,该量表具有良好的信度和效度及较强的可操作性,可以作为考量我国地方政府社会管理绩效的有效工具。

政府:一个公正社会不可或缺的角色——关于政府再分配职能正当性的思考

建立一个公正的社会是人类的理想。在实现这一理想的过程中,政府承担着重要的责任。一个优良的政府不仅是善治的政府,而且也必须是能够维系社会公正的政府。政府的再分配职能,不仅能够为公民身份具有实质意义创造各种条件,而且也能延缓或减少自然秩序中的不平等因素与偶然性因素对人类命运的影响,改善政治共同体公民之间的关系,建构合理的政治秩序;不仅有助于改善社会弱势群体的生活境遇,而且也有助于提升社会整体的生活质量,实现社会成员低成本地和谐共处。政府再分配职能的正当性,体现在它力图构建一个公正社会的良善意图与行动之中,它为公民有尊严地生活提供了可能性,也超越了市场形式正义与丛林法则,减少了政治不作为可能带来的改变社会结构的暴力行动。政府以实现社会公正为目的的再分配行为,决不像新古典自由主义者所主张的那样必然使人类通往奴役之路,恰恰相反,它是迈向和谐社会的重要保证。

社会福利指数、政府支出规模及其结构优化

政府支出规模及其结构优化应以提高社会福利水平而不是以经济增长为其最终目标。构建了政府支出与消费、社会福利之间的理论分析模型,利用优化控制理论与方法,从理论上论证了在最大社会福利的基础上存在最优政府支出规模与支出结构安排,设计了衡量社会福利水平的新指标,并以此指标为基础,利用中国1982年—2005年的年度数据,对政府支出规模及其结构优化进行计量分析。其基本结论是:我国政府支出规模及其各种单项支出与社会福利指数之间存在较强的相关性,为满足我国不断增加的公共服务需求,应增加政府支出规模,优化政府支出的内部结构体系,即适度提高中央政府支出在政府总支出中所占的比重,减少投资性支出和行政管理支出,增加以教育、公共卫生、公共安全、社会保障为主体的公共服务性支出,以促进我国社会福利水平的提高。

社会工作者参与精神卫生服务不同模式的比较研究

本文从社会工作者(社工)参与精神卫生服务角度比较专项社工人才培养、购买社工组织服务、精神卫生医疗机构社工岗位设置三种模式的异同及应用前景。选取了北京市、重庆市、上海市作为典型模式代表。前两种模式由政府行政部门主导,第三种模式由医疗机构主导;在社工队伍发展方面,专项社工人才培养能够短期内充实队伍,购买社工组织服务能够充分发挥现有社工队伍的作用,精神卫生医疗机构设置社工岗位使队伍更稳定;在服务侧重方面,政府购买服务更注重在社区持续开展服务,精神卫生医疗机构内的社工主要在院内开展服务,并承担对社区精神卫生社工服务的带动指导作用。三种模式并不是孤立互斥的,各地应根据经济水平、社会组织资源、医疗机构实力等实际情况进行综合探索,推动精神卫生工作中社会服务的发展。