Background:Theory of Mind(ToM)and empathy are crucial cognitive and emotional capacities that influence social interactions.While their role in promoting prosocial behavior has been established,the potential moderatin...Background:Theory of Mind(ToM)and empathy are crucial cognitive and emotional capacities that influence social interactions.While their role in promoting prosocial behavior has been established,the potential moderating effect of mindfulness on this relationship remains unexplored.Understanding these complex interactions is vital for developing effective interventions to foster prosocial behavior among college students.This study examines the influence of ToM on college students’prosocial behavior and explores the moderating role of mindfulness in this relationship.Methods:A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaires and experimental design was employed.Study 1:A survey of 759 college students(mean age 22.03 years;477 females)was conducted using the ToM Scale,Interpersonal Reactivity Index,Prosocial Behavior Tendency Scale,and Mindfulness Awareness Scale.Data were analyzed using correlation and moderated mediation analyses.Study 2:An 8-week mindfulness attention training program was implemented for the intervention group and compared with a control group.Mindfulness training served as a moderating variable to validate Model 59 from Study 1.Results:1.Study 1 found:(a)ToM was significantly positively correlated with prosocial behavior(r=0.31,p<0.01).(b)Empathy partially mediated the relationship between ToM and prosocial behavior(β=0.10,p<0.001,95%CI[0.06,0.14]).(c)Mindfulness negatively moderated the direct path between ToM and three dimensions of prosocial behavior,as well as the indirect path between empathy and kin altruism and reciprocal altruism.Specifically,high levels of mindfulness weakened the direct impact of ToM on prosocial behavior.High levels of mindfulness also weakened the indirect influence of ToM on prosocial behavior through empathy.2.Study 2 results showed:(a)The intervention group had significantly higher levels of trait mindfulness compared to the control group(t=2.56,p<0.05).(b)The validity of the moderated mediation model 59 from Study 1 was verified.Conclusion:While ToM and empathy play crucial roles in fostering prosocial behavior,mindfulness exhibits a more complex influence than anticipated,potentially inhibiting prosocial behavior under certain circumstances.These findings offer novel insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior and underscore the importance of considering multiple interacting factors in its promotion.展开更多
【目的】探讨不同水平亲社会行为大学生的孤独特质(AT)、共情及心理理论(To M)能力特点。【方法】招募372名大学生(男91人,女281人;年龄18~25岁),采用孤独症谱系商数量表中文版(AQ-C)和亲社会倾向量表(PTM)量化AT和亲社会行为水平;从PT...【目的】探讨不同水平亲社会行为大学生的孤独特质(AT)、共情及心理理论(To M)能力特点。【方法】招募372名大学生(男91人,女281人;年龄18~25岁),采用孤独症谱系商数量表中文版(AQ-C)和亲社会倾向量表(PTM)量化AT和亲社会行为水平;从PTM得分高得分低组中分别抽取24(男10)、25(男12)人组成高低水平亲社会行为组,进一步采用中文版人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)与电脑版"看眼读心"测验(RMET)量化其共情及To M水平。【结果】PTM得分低组相较于得分高组的AQ-C总分(14.8±5.3 vs.13.8±5.3,P=0.031)、社会性(29.8±6.1 vs.27.6±6.0,P=0.001)得分更高。低水平亲社会组的IRI-C总分(46.5±9.9 vs 52.8±8.6,P=0.025)、观点采择得分(10.3±3.6 vs 12.1±2.4,P=0.049)均低于高水平亲社会组,RMET各指标在两组间无统计学差异。【结论】亲社会行为较差的大学生AT水平更高,且认知共情能力也较差,尚未发现亲社会行为与ToM存在关联。展开更多
基金supported by the 2023 School Level Scientific Research Project of Hechi University(No.2023XJPT004).
文摘Background:Theory of Mind(ToM)and empathy are crucial cognitive and emotional capacities that influence social interactions.While their role in promoting prosocial behavior has been established,the potential moderating effect of mindfulness on this relationship remains unexplored.Understanding these complex interactions is vital for developing effective interventions to foster prosocial behavior among college students.This study examines the influence of ToM on college students’prosocial behavior and explores the moderating role of mindfulness in this relationship.Methods:A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaires and experimental design was employed.Study 1:A survey of 759 college students(mean age 22.03 years;477 females)was conducted using the ToM Scale,Interpersonal Reactivity Index,Prosocial Behavior Tendency Scale,and Mindfulness Awareness Scale.Data were analyzed using correlation and moderated mediation analyses.Study 2:An 8-week mindfulness attention training program was implemented for the intervention group and compared with a control group.Mindfulness training served as a moderating variable to validate Model 59 from Study 1.Results:1.Study 1 found:(a)ToM was significantly positively correlated with prosocial behavior(r=0.31,p<0.01).(b)Empathy partially mediated the relationship between ToM and prosocial behavior(β=0.10,p<0.001,95%CI[0.06,0.14]).(c)Mindfulness negatively moderated the direct path between ToM and three dimensions of prosocial behavior,as well as the indirect path between empathy and kin altruism and reciprocal altruism.Specifically,high levels of mindfulness weakened the direct impact of ToM on prosocial behavior.High levels of mindfulness also weakened the indirect influence of ToM on prosocial behavior through empathy.2.Study 2 results showed:(a)The intervention group had significantly higher levels of trait mindfulness compared to the control group(t=2.56,p<0.05).(b)The validity of the moderated mediation model 59 from Study 1 was verified.Conclusion:While ToM and empathy play crucial roles in fostering prosocial behavior,mindfulness exhibits a more complex influence than anticipated,potentially inhibiting prosocial behavior under certain circumstances.These findings offer novel insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior and underscore the importance of considering multiple interacting factors in its promotion.
文摘【目的】探讨不同水平亲社会行为大学生的孤独特质(AT)、共情及心理理论(To M)能力特点。【方法】招募372名大学生(男91人,女281人;年龄18~25岁),采用孤独症谱系商数量表中文版(AQ-C)和亲社会倾向量表(PTM)量化AT和亲社会行为水平;从PTM得分高得分低组中分别抽取24(男10)、25(男12)人组成高低水平亲社会行为组,进一步采用中文版人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)与电脑版"看眼读心"测验(RMET)量化其共情及To M水平。【结果】PTM得分低组相较于得分高组的AQ-C总分(14.8±5.3 vs.13.8±5.3,P=0.031)、社会性(29.8±6.1 vs.27.6±6.0,P=0.001)得分更高。低水平亲社会组的IRI-C总分(46.5±9.9 vs 52.8±8.6,P=0.025)、观点采择得分(10.3±3.6 vs 12.1±2.4,P=0.049)均低于高水平亲社会组,RMET各指标在两组间无统计学差异。【结论】亲社会行为较差的大学生AT水平更高,且认知共情能力也较差,尚未发现亲社会行为与ToM存在关联。
