Correlation Analysis between Self-Disclosure and Social Support in Patients with Breast Cancer

Objective: Describe the status quo of self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients and analyze the correlation between them. Methods: General data questionnaire, distress disclosure Index scale and Chinese version of medical social support scale were used to investigate the correlation between self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: 1) The total self-disclosure score was (38.75 ± 9.18);the total score of social support was (70.57 ± 14.04) scores, including emotional information support dimension (28.39 ± 6.06) scores, practical support dimension (15.62 ± 3.31) scores, elastic support dimension (14.85 ± 3.23) scores, and emotional support dimension (11.70 ± 2.56) scores. 2) Self-disclosure was positively correlated with social support (r = 0.433, p Conclusion: Breast cancer patients had a moderate level of self-disclosure, and the higher the level of self-disclosure, the better the social support. It is suggested that improving the self-disclosure level of breast cancer patients can help them obtain more social support.

Relationship between Social Support and Self-efficacy in Women Psychiatrists

Objective： To explore the relationship between social support and self-efficacy in women psychiatrists. Methods： A survey was conducted in four hospitals in Shandong province using the Social Support Scale and the General Self-efficacy Scale （GSE）. A total of 140 women psychiatrists participated in the study. Results： Women psychiatrists of different ages or with different qualifications experience significant differences in objective support, subjective support, the utilization of support, and total scores on the social support and self-efficacy questionnaires （P〈0.05）. There were also significant differences in self-efficacy between different groups （P〈0.05）. Subjective support, objective support and the utilization of support have a positive correlation with the self-efficacy of women psychiatrists. Women psychiatrists in different education level have significant differences in objective support, utilization of support and total score of social support （P〈0.01）. Conclusions： Ages and educational backgrounds affect social support and self-efficacy, and self-efficacy had a significant positive correlation with the various dimensions of social support.

Social integration: How is it related to self-rated health?

Social integration has well-established health benefits among older adults in observational studies. However, interventions designed to increase social integration have not improved health suggesting important knowledge gaps on how social integration influences health outcomes. This study developed a new measure of social integration, daily social contact, capturing the interpersonal nature of social integration and mobility of individuals, and providing a direct assessment of individuals’ real-time access to companionship and social support. The data used is the 2006-2007 American Time Use Survey (ATUS), which surveyed 25,191 individuals aged 15 years and older (n = 4378 aged 65 years and older). Generalized ordinal logistic regression analyses revealed positive, but non-parallel relationships between daily social contacts and the ordinal categories of self-rated health among older adults. This study may be used to identify populations that experience social exclusion, such that future research can determine more precisely how to intervene to improve health outcomes.

The Influence of Social Desirability on Self-Reported Sexual Behavior in HIV Survey in Rural Ethiopia

Objective: It is in order to examine associations between social desirability (SD) and self-reports of abstinence among youths in rural Ethiopia. Methods: Youths of ages 15-24 (114 participants) were administered questionnaire to assess HIV knowledge and primary abstinence and a modified Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale to assess SD bias. The relationships between SD groups (dichotomized into high and low) and abstinence by various characteristics were assessed by using Fisher’s exact p-values. Results: The odds of individuals reporting abstinence were 13.2 times greater in the high SD group compared to the low SD group (p-value 0.002) when adjusted for education, gender, age group, and HIV knowledge. The differences in abstinence between the high and low SD score groups were also examined for selected variables. Conclusions: Individuals who exhibited more SD bias were more likely to report primary abstinence. SD bias should be considered when conducting self-reported surveys to measure the effectiveness of HIV prevention programs.

Multiple mediation effects of health locusof control and hope on the relationshipbetween stroke patients’ social supportand self-management

Objective:This study aimed to identify the mediation effects of health locus of control(HLC)and hope between stroke patients’social support and self-management.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 300 Chinese stroke patients were recruited by convenient sampling from the acupuncture department of two Chinese Traditional Medical Hospitals in Tianjin Province from June to September 2018.The self-report questionnaires include Social Support Assessment Scale,Herth Hope Index,Mental Health Locus of Control Scale,Stroke Self-management Behavior Scale,and personal information questionnaires.All the survey data were entered in Excel and analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program.Mediation was tested with Bootstrapping in AMOS 23.0 program.Results:The result showed that internal health locus of control(IHLC),chance health locus of control(CHLC)and hope were the mediators between social support and self-management.The direct,indirect,and total effects of social support on self-management behavior were 0.306 (P<0.01),0.109(P<0.01),and 0.415(P<0.01),respectively.Conclusions:Social support can directly influence self-management,and it can also indirectly influence self-management through IHLC,CHLC,and hope.

Use of Social Cognitive Theory to Assess Salient Clinical Research in Chronic Disease Self-Management for Older Adults: An Integrative Review

The purpose of this integrative review is to evaluate research pertaining to self-management programs for older adults with chronic diseases using Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for behavior change. The focus is application of the SCT domains to self-management programs. The exploration of the current chronic disease self-management research provides an understanding of the Social Cognitive Theory concepts studied in interventional self-management research. The integrative review explicated two areas related to the theory in need of further research. First, social support has not been thoroughly explored as a mechanism for enhancing self-management interventions. Second, moral disengagement was not identified as a focus within chronic disease research raising the question about the impact of moral disengagement on long-term adherence and behavior change.

The Awakening:Rethinking on the Relationships of Women's Self-being,Family Responsibility,and Social Harmony

The Awakening stressed that if women wanted to gain self-being and self-independence they should abandon family and social responsibilities.This thought is too extreme.Women's real freedom and independence could not be gained out of family and social responsibilities.And family responsibilities should not be seen as the fetter to women's pursuit of self-being and self-independence,or it will cause a few problems in marriage and hurt themselves and other persons.Women's real awakening is that there are no conflicts between family and women's self-being.Only based on social harmony and family responsibilities,women could gain real self-being and that is women's real awakening.

Relationship between Self-Perceived Age and Social Activity in Older Japanese Adults: The KAGUYA Study

Youthful feelings were shown to have a positive effect on the mental and physical conditions of the elderly. On the contrary, elderly people whose self-perceived age is older than their chronological age were shown to experience negative health outcomes. This study investigated whether the self-perceived age (younger or older) relative to chronological age promotes social activity. The baseline data acquired from 3094 older adults as part of the Keeping Active across Generations Uniting the Youth and the Aged study was used in the current study. The participants completed a questionnaire that solicits information pertaining to sociodemographic factors, felt age, self-rated health, physical activity, depression, disease burden, fall history, fear of falling, level of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and social activity. The discrepancy between felt age and chronological age was defined as the self-perceived age. Self-perceived age was calculated by subtracting the participant’s chronological age from the felt age, and the score for the difference was divided by the chronological age. The Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence was used to evaluate social activity. Regression analysis results revealed that a younger self-perceived age was associated with higher social activity after controlling for sociodemographic factors, self-rated health, depression, physical activity, disease burden, level of IADL, fall history and fear of falling. Fall history was significantly associated with higher social activity in young-old participants (65 - 74 years) (p = 0.014) but not in old-old participants (>75 years). This study suggests that a younger self-perceived age in older adults would lead to a high-level living function. This finding may provide useful information for interventions aimed at the promotion of health and/or the prevention of frailty.

Self-directed learning readiness and social problem solving of nursing students in Macao

Objective The aims of this study were to describe nursing students′self-directed learning readiness and social problem solving and test their correlations in Macao.Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 140baccalaureate nursing students.A stratified random sampling was performed.The Self-directed Learning Readiness(SDLR)Scale and Chinese Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised(C-SPSI-R)were used.Results The response rate was 79.3%.Students possessed readiness for self-directed learning(mean 149.09±12.53,51.4%at high level,48.6%at low level).Regarding to social problem solving,the mean scores of each subscale were 9.35±3.25(Rational Problem Solving,RPS),10.26±3.23(Positive Problem Orientation,PPO),8.14±4.06(Negative Problem Orientation,NPO),5.67±4.44(Avoidance Style,AS),and 4.84±3.03(Impulsivity/Carelessness Style,ICS).SDLR was positively related to RPS and PPO,but was negatively related to AS.Conclusion Half of students possessed stronger readiness for self-directed learning.Students had a belief in the ability to solve problems,and adopted relevant strategies in solving problems.However,students still had negative and dysfunctional orientation and defective attempts in solving problems.Self-directed learning was positively related to positive and constructive orientation,but was negatively related to defective problem-solving pattern.Nurse educators should create educational climates for promoting student confidence and mutual responsibility for learning and their thinking process for problem solving.

Self-doubt and Social Dependence of Main Characters in An American Tragedy

Based on the description of an ordinary American young man—Clyde’s short life,An American Tragedy mingled many social aspects of modern American society together,which portrayed the money-oriented and indifferent American society.The analysis of the novel finds that the main characters shared some common traits,having both self-doubt and social dependence.They didn’t believe in their own ability but trusted the so-called social hierarchy;they didn’t count on their own efforts to be better off but depended on the society,on others and on fortune;they didn’t adhere to their own faiths but attached to others’opinions.It is clear through close studying that these characteristics resulted from American social system at that time,and the system made people mammonish,hidebound and indifferent.In this sense,the tragedy is not so much a tragedy of humanity as a tragedy of a society.

The Connection between Self-construal and Social Media about Chinese College Students

This paper focuses on the connection between self-construal and social media about Chinese college students and explores how and what the connections are between independent self-construal or interdependent self-construal and social media.The research begins at the differences of self-construal,and the connections between different self-construal.Based on the data analysis and interviews,five themes are developed.

社会支持对贫困大学生自我效能感的影响:心理弹性的中介作用

为探讨贫困大学生心理弹性的特点及其与社会支持、自我效能感的关系,选取某高校270名贫困大学生,采用大学生心理复原力量表(RSUS)、社会支持评定量表(SSQ)与一般自我效能感量表(GSES)进行调查.结果表明:来自单亲及孤儿家庭的贫困大学生的心理弹性和自我效能感得分高于来自双亲家庭的大学生,文科生在朋友支持上得分高于理科生;社会支持和自我效能感与心理弹性呈正相关,心理弹性在社会支持与自我效能感间起完全中介作用.这些结果揭示了贫困大学生心理弹性与社会支持和自我效能感的密切联系,强调了心理弹性在促进贫困大学生心理健康和社会适应中的重要作用.

Assessment on self-care, mobility and social function of children with spina bifida in Turkey

The aim of the study was to investigate the functional performance in children with spina bifida, using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory （PEDI） to look into capacity of twen- ty-eight children with spina bifida with lesions at different levels in different dimensions of self- care, mobility and social function. Mean age of the patients was 3.5 ± 2.3 （1-10） years. In the muscle test carried out, 13 patients （44.8%） had no movements including pelvic elevation in lower extremity muscles and they were at level 5. Sixteen patients （54%） were non-ambulatory according to the Hoofer ambulation classification. Raw and scale scores in the self-care, mobil- ity and social function domains both in the functional skill scale and in the caregiver scale were found to be lower compared to the data of the normal population. A statistically significant correlation was observed in the self-care values of the Functional Skills Scales and the Caregiver Assistance Scale measurements, which was positive for age and negative for Functional Ambu- lation Scale and muscle test （P 〈 0.05）. A positive relation was found between the Functional Skills Scales-mobility area and age while a negative relation was observed between Functional Ambulation Scale and muscle test （P 〈 0.005）. A negative relation was also found between Care- giver Assistance Scale-mobility and Functional Ambulation Scale and muscle test （P 〈 0.005）. In our study, the functional performance of the children was found to be low. Low-level lesions, encouraging muscular strength and independence in mobility are all very important factors for functional independence.

Social, Clinical and Psychometric Factors Affecting Self-Rated Oral Health, Self-Rated Health and Wellbeing in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background: Many studies examined and reported oral and general health inequalities in clinical health, SROH and SRH. Objectives: The study aims to explore the social influences, gradients and predictors of self-rated oral health (SROH) and self-rated health (SRH) and wellbeing in Greek adults. Methods: Cross-sectional study, of men and women, aged 65 years and over (N = 743) in Greece. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed for dentate and edentulous participants. For the association between socioeconomic exposures and binary outcomes, logistic regression was performed to estimate Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals (OR, 95% CI);levels of association and Cramer’s V were applied to calculate associations and p-values. Results: The objective socioeconomic measures, such as household income, education level and last main occupation were significant predictors and determinants of both SROH and self-rated health (SRH). For Satisfaction with life (SWL), there was a diversity in the results analogous to the dental status of the participants. Household income and SSS were predictors of SWL in dentate participants. In the total sample Household income, occupation and SSS, were predictors of SWL, while in edentulous participants only occupation and SSS were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Subjective social status was statistically significant for SROH, SRH and SWL (p < 0.01). More men than women reported their SROH and SRH as good. Household income and SSS were predictors of SWL, in dentate participants, thus the better the income and the higher the relative social status, the higher feeling of SWL was recorded. Place of residence had significant associations only with SWL. Household income, education, occupation and SSS had significant levels of association with SROH and SRH in dentate participants (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are socioeconomic gradient inequalities in SROH and SRH in Greek adults living in Attica area. Subjective social status is a predictor of SROH, SRH and SWL. The need to prioritize interventions to eliminate disparities and inequalities in oral and general health and wellbeing of elders is evident.

DAO媒介:驱动未来社会算法化与自组织的元媒介

DAO媒介是以区块链算法等技术为基础,支持数字社群协同自治的媒介,具有区块链、智能合约与投票等功能特性和要素确权、技术信任、规则构架以及场景聚合等价值禀赋。对于数字生态显露的各种问题,“算法化”是重构数字生态、降解社会系统复杂性的关键机制,DAO媒介是支撑“自组织式”算法化的元媒介。DAO媒介与数字文明时代喷发的微粒个体、微资源、微价值、微需求、微场景等相匹配,能够深度匹配人的个性与自我,形成有效的趣缘连接,进而极大地释放数字文明的生产力。DAO媒介将深刻影响社会系统的构造,将微粒个体与相关社会要素“包裹”为闭环子系统,支持其准开放的系统边界、有效的异质性整合、可持续的规则重构、子系统与父级系统的持续分化和快速进化,等等。在数字文明时代,DAO媒介将使“重新部落化”的“地球村”变为现实,其驱动构筑的DAO社会将更加多元、更加富有创造力,不断拓展人类群体实践的自由度,使人类在高度异质性聚合基础上更加和谐有序地整合协同。

心脏移植受者自我管理行为现状及影响因素分析

目的调查心脏移植受者术后自我管理行为水平,并分析影响因素,为采取针对性干预提供参考。方法采取便利抽样法,选取心脏移植门诊随访的161例心脏移植受者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、慢性病自我管理行为量表、慢性病自我效能量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表、12条目简明健康测量量表进行调查。结果心脏移植受者自我管理行为得分(18.45±4.63)分;多元线性逐步回归分析显示,自我效能、术后时间、社会支持、抑郁、生活质量、文化程度是心脏移植受者自我管理行为的影响因素(均P<0.05),共解释总变异的82.8%。结论心脏移植受者自我管理行为处于低水平,受较多因素的影响。医护人员需注重提高受者的自我效能和社会支持水平,及时关注受者的生活质量和心理状况,并结合受者的术后时间和文化程度予以针对性指导,提高受者自我管理行为水平。

数字健康背景下社区老年人家庭社会资本对健康自助行为影响的路径分析

目的探讨数字健康素养和技术焦虑在社区老年人家庭社会资本与健康自助行为之间的中介作用,为制订针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法2024年1-5月,便利选取延吉市2所社区卫生服务中心门诊的428名老年人作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、家庭社会资本量表、数字健康素养评估量表、技术焦虑量表、健康自助行为量表进行调查,并建立结构方程模型进行链式中介效应检验。结果社区老年人家庭社会资本得分为(33.56±7.57)分、数字健康素养得分为(44.25±10.50)分、技术焦虑得分为(36.72±9.05)分、健康自助行为得分为(78.63±16.81)分。家庭社会资本可以直接影响社区老年人健康自助行为,还可通过数字健康素养、技术焦虑的单独中介作用及链式中介作用间接影响健康自助行为(均P<0.05)。结论社区老年人健康自助行为处于中等水平,家庭社会资本可直接或间接通过数字健康素养和技术焦虑影响健康自助行为。应重视社区老年人的家庭社会资本作用,通过提高其数字健康素养,降低技术焦虑,以提升其健康自助行为。

“自我决定的孤独”:个体化时代青年社交样态背后的“自我逻辑”审思

“自我决定的孤独”是青年群体在当今时代的新型个体孤独,具有高度“自我意识”的青年个体构筑“自我孤岛”的社交图景主要呈现两个面向:私人情感场域“断离式”的情感封闭和公共社交领域“降级式”的社交样态。青年社交样态的背后是“自我脱嵌性”与“自我重嵌性”双重统一的“自我逻辑”的建构过程,既展现了个体化进程中青年基于“自我”视角所作出的社交选择,又突显了青年在个体性与社会性双重维度上的社交诉求。在现代性视角下,“自我逻辑”的建构揭示出现代“自我”在情感逻辑与经济理性逻辑双重纠缠中的情感转向与“自我决定的孤独”的情感悖论,并折射出现代性的吊诡之处。因此,面对青年群体“自我决定的孤独”的情感隐忧,需在观念层面克服理性主义的情感逻辑并关注“情感自我”的建构,在实践层面“重拾附近”并构建“情感共同体”,以此应对现代性“孤独自我”的存在性危机。

“老漂族”自我价值感的影响因素及提升策略研究

“老漂族”主要是指为了支持儿女、照料第三代,而选择离开原居住地、来到子女工作所在地的流动老人。基于对广州市H社区15个典型案例的深度访谈资料,采用扎根理论和生态系统理论,通过三级编码建构“老漂族”自我价值感影响因素模型。其影响因素主要是身体素质、生活观念、家庭关系、人际关系和社会关系五个维度。建议采用社会工作专业方法帮助“老漂族”在微观层面通过增强学习能力、形成锻炼认同和改变非理性信念来提升其生理和心理价值感,在中观层面通过回顾往事和发掘优势潜能来提升其家庭价值感和人际价值感,在宏观层面通过链接社会资源和增强社会认同来提升其社会价值感和其自我价值感,使其更好地融入城市生活。

难治性哮喘患儿重返学校适应现状及其影响因素分析

目的:调查难治性哮喘患儿重返学校适应现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:采用一般资料调查表、社会支持量表、自我护理能力评估量表、学校生活适应量表对长沙市某三级甲等专科医院呼吸内科返院门诊随诊的256例难治性哮喘患儿进行调查。结果:难治性哮喘患儿学校生活适应量表总分为(62.35±6.34)分,多元线性回归分析结果显示难治性哮喘患儿重返学校适应的影响因素包括疾病严重程度、疾病控制情况、病程、复发次数、社会支持水平及自我护理能力。结论:难治性哮喘患儿重返学校适应处于较低水平,医护人员需重点关注难治性哮喘患儿重返学校适应现状,并根据其影响因素制订针对性管理方案,以提高其适应学校生活的能力。