Background: A means of assessing the social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer is not available in Japan, yet such individuals are at increased risk of developing psychological difficulties. Objectives: ...Background: A means of assessing the social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer is not available in Japan, yet such individuals are at increased risk of developing psychological difficulties. Objectives: The present study aimed (1) to describe the social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer, and (2) to explore factors associated with social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer. Design: Spouses (n = 559) of patients with cancer were recruited by registered agents of an online survey company and completed a self-reporting, online questionnaire. Measurements: The questionnaires included demographic information and a tool to assess social support needs. Results: Factor analysis of social support needs of the spouses of patients with cancer indicated that (1) “social support needs regarding disease and treatment of patient” (54 items) comprised 3 factors (“medical condition and cure”, “daily life and social support”, “intimacy and employment”), and (2) “social support needs of spouse (19 items)” comprised 2 factors (“family psychological issues and social support” and “intimacy, employment and society”). The ANOVA and T tests showed that “younger age”, “under treatment”, and “cancer not cured: treatment stopped”, “PS1” and “PS 2-4”, the presence of “lung cancer”, and “recurrence/metastasis” were significant factors (all展开更多
The 3PAKE(Three-Party Authenticated Key Exchange)protocol is a valuable cryptographic method that offers safe communication and permits two diverse parties to consent to a new safe meeting code using the trusted serve...The 3PAKE(Three-Party Authenticated Key Exchange)protocol is a valuable cryptographic method that offers safe communication and permits two diverse parties to consent to a new safe meeting code using the trusted server.There have been explored numerous 3PAKE protocols earlier to create a protected meeting code between users employing the trusted server.However,existing modified 3PAKE protocols have numerous drawbacks and are incapable to provide desired secrecy against diverse attacks such as manin-the-middle,brute-force attacks,and many others in social networks.In this article,the authors proposed an improved as well as safe 3PAKE protocol based on the hash function and the symmetric encryption for the social networks.The authors utilized a well-acknowledged AVISPA tool to provide security verification of the proposed 3PAKE technique,and findings show that our proposed protocol is safer in opposition to active as well as passive attacks namely the brute-force,man-in-the-middle,parallel attack,and many more.Furthermore,compared to other similar schemes,the proposed protocol is built with a reduced computing cost as our proposed protocol consumes less time in execution and offers high secrecy in the social networks with improved accuracy.As a result,this verified scheme is more efficient as well as feasible for implementation in the social networks in comparison to previous security protocols.Although multifarious authors carried out extensive research on 3PAKE protocols to offer safe communication,still there are vital opportunities to explore and implement novel improved protocols for higher safety in the social networks and mobile commerce environment in the future in opposition to diverse active as well as passive attacks.展开更多
The traditional business view—which assumes that the main contribution of companies to society is the creation of economic value—is being surpassed by a growing awareness of other values, including social and enviro...The traditional business view—which assumes that the main contribution of companies to society is the creation of economic value—is being surpassed by a growing awareness of other values, including social and environmental ones. The diffusion of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in all sectors and, in recent time, also in the wine business, has been based on a stakeholder approach. Most of the existing key concepts and tools addressing CSR issues have been developed by, and in, the context of large enterprises. The multitude of Italian wine SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) remain at an early stage of environmental and social management, limited in most cases to local activities, characterized by an occasional approach and unrelated to the business strategy. But, due to increased pressure from stakeholders, environmental and social concern is gradually growing in SMEs as well. Nevertheless, CSR initiatives developed by large companies frequently fail when they are adopted by SMEs and also by the wine SMEs. In recent years, major companies have felt the need to work on CSR and progressively defined and adopted a wide range of instruments such as codes of conduct, process standard, environmental management standard, cause related marketing, corporate social reports, sustainability reports, etc. These instruments more than often represent the final result of experiments established by large sized organizations, often operating in distant countries, which have decided to satisfy the multiple requests from the always more complex context in which they operate. Many companies, therefore, have orientated themselves towards the accomplishment of new objectives centred, not only on gaining profit but, moreover, towards the creation of values: a more extensive value better known as “pluri-dimensional” shared by all the stakeholders within a new interdependent dynamism and inspired by a multitude of references (such as UN Global Compact, AA1000 Guidelines, Global Reporting Initiative, SA8000, etc.). The perception of the concept of corporate responsibility and its possible practical application in a wine-growing company is the subject of continuous debates, always in search of a globally shared interpretation. Sustainable and social initiatives require, in fact, planning, monitoring and enhancement of knowledge. This is a process that requires a tirelessly oriented approach to continuous improvement. The aim of this paper is to delineate efficient ways of promoting CSR, considering wine SMEs’ specific profiles and needs. Moreover, the paper is aimed at highlighting case of Feudi di San Gregorio S.p.A. The company has always been oriented to pursue management models capable of generating social value (in conjunction with that economic) at the systemic level (so-called shared value). This in order to evaluate the contribution that CSR instrument adopted has offered to build organization’s sustainability in its three dimensions: economic, environmental and social.展开更多
The considerable social, economic, legislative and political changes that have marked the agri-food sector over time have brought about new needs related to the ethical-social and environmental field. These requiremen...The considerable social, economic, legislative and political changes that have marked the agri-food sector over time have brought about new needs related to the ethical-social and environmental field. These requirements have imposed on organizations operating in the sector a change in their organizational and management models. In this context, CSR （corporate social responsibility） has assumed great importance in the context of the new managerial logic of agri-food companies, outlining a management model based on balancing the interests of all stakeholders, thanks to integration of traditional economic objectives with others environmental and social. This paper aims to examine, in the first part, the path that has characterized the enlargement of the corporate vision and the related responsibilities, towards aspects related to the ethical, social and environmental dimension, in the Italian agri-food sector. Subsequently, the current approach to CSR was outlined through a review of the main tools implemented. This is in order to evaluate the opportunities that may derive from a strategic orientation aimed at building the sustainability of organizations in its triple dimension： economic, environmental and social. Finally, the main critical elements that hinder the dissemination of CSR tools in agri-food organizations have been outlined.展开更多
文摘Background: A means of assessing the social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer is not available in Japan, yet such individuals are at increased risk of developing psychological difficulties. Objectives: The present study aimed (1) to describe the social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer, and (2) to explore factors associated with social support needs of spouses of patients with cancer. Design: Spouses (n = 559) of patients with cancer were recruited by registered agents of an online survey company and completed a self-reporting, online questionnaire. Measurements: The questionnaires included demographic information and a tool to assess social support needs. Results: Factor analysis of social support needs of the spouses of patients with cancer indicated that (1) “social support needs regarding disease and treatment of patient” (54 items) comprised 3 factors (“medical condition and cure”, “daily life and social support”, “intimacy and employment”), and (2) “social support needs of spouse (19 items)” comprised 2 factors (“family psychological issues and social support” and “intimacy, employment and society”). The ANOVA and T tests showed that “younger age”, “under treatment”, and “cancer not cured: treatment stopped”, “PS1” and “PS 2-4”, the presence of “lung cancer”, and “recurrence/metastasis” were significant factors (all
基金This project was funded by the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number(TURSP-2020/347),Taif Unversity,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The 3PAKE(Three-Party Authenticated Key Exchange)protocol is a valuable cryptographic method that offers safe communication and permits two diverse parties to consent to a new safe meeting code using the trusted server.There have been explored numerous 3PAKE protocols earlier to create a protected meeting code between users employing the trusted server.However,existing modified 3PAKE protocols have numerous drawbacks and are incapable to provide desired secrecy against diverse attacks such as manin-the-middle,brute-force attacks,and many others in social networks.In this article,the authors proposed an improved as well as safe 3PAKE protocol based on the hash function and the symmetric encryption for the social networks.The authors utilized a well-acknowledged AVISPA tool to provide security verification of the proposed 3PAKE technique,and findings show that our proposed protocol is safer in opposition to active as well as passive attacks namely the brute-force,man-in-the-middle,parallel attack,and many more.Furthermore,compared to other similar schemes,the proposed protocol is built with a reduced computing cost as our proposed protocol consumes less time in execution and offers high secrecy in the social networks with improved accuracy.As a result,this verified scheme is more efficient as well as feasible for implementation in the social networks in comparison to previous security protocols.Although multifarious authors carried out extensive research on 3PAKE protocols to offer safe communication,still there are vital opportunities to explore and implement novel improved protocols for higher safety in the social networks and mobile commerce environment in the future in opposition to diverse active as well as passive attacks.
文摘The traditional business view—which assumes that the main contribution of companies to society is the creation of economic value—is being surpassed by a growing awareness of other values, including social and environmental ones. The diffusion of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in all sectors and, in recent time, also in the wine business, has been based on a stakeholder approach. Most of the existing key concepts and tools addressing CSR issues have been developed by, and in, the context of large enterprises. The multitude of Italian wine SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) remain at an early stage of environmental and social management, limited in most cases to local activities, characterized by an occasional approach and unrelated to the business strategy. But, due to increased pressure from stakeholders, environmental and social concern is gradually growing in SMEs as well. Nevertheless, CSR initiatives developed by large companies frequently fail when they are adopted by SMEs and also by the wine SMEs. In recent years, major companies have felt the need to work on CSR and progressively defined and adopted a wide range of instruments such as codes of conduct, process standard, environmental management standard, cause related marketing, corporate social reports, sustainability reports, etc. These instruments more than often represent the final result of experiments established by large sized organizations, often operating in distant countries, which have decided to satisfy the multiple requests from the always more complex context in which they operate. Many companies, therefore, have orientated themselves towards the accomplishment of new objectives centred, not only on gaining profit but, moreover, towards the creation of values: a more extensive value better known as “pluri-dimensional” shared by all the stakeholders within a new interdependent dynamism and inspired by a multitude of references (such as UN Global Compact, AA1000 Guidelines, Global Reporting Initiative, SA8000, etc.). The perception of the concept of corporate responsibility and its possible practical application in a wine-growing company is the subject of continuous debates, always in search of a globally shared interpretation. Sustainable and social initiatives require, in fact, planning, monitoring and enhancement of knowledge. This is a process that requires a tirelessly oriented approach to continuous improvement. The aim of this paper is to delineate efficient ways of promoting CSR, considering wine SMEs’ specific profiles and needs. Moreover, the paper is aimed at highlighting case of Feudi di San Gregorio S.p.A. The company has always been oriented to pursue management models capable of generating social value (in conjunction with that economic) at the systemic level (so-called shared value). This in order to evaluate the contribution that CSR instrument adopted has offered to build organization’s sustainability in its three dimensions: economic, environmental and social.
文摘The considerable social, economic, legislative and political changes that have marked the agri-food sector over time have brought about new needs related to the ethical-social and environmental field. These requirements have imposed on organizations operating in the sector a change in their organizational and management models. In this context, CSR （corporate social responsibility） has assumed great importance in the context of the new managerial logic of agri-food companies, outlining a management model based on balancing the interests of all stakeholders, thanks to integration of traditional economic objectives with others environmental and social. This paper aims to examine, in the first part, the path that has characterized the enlargement of the corporate vision and the related responsibilities, towards aspects related to the ethical, social and environmental dimension, in the Italian agri-food sector. Subsequently, the current approach to CSR was outlined through a review of the main tools implemented. This is in order to evaluate the opportunities that may derive from a strategic orientation aimed at building the sustainability of organizations in its triple dimension： economic, environmental and social. Finally, the main critical elements that hinder the dissemination of CSR tools in agri-food organizations have been outlined.
