Grey Relational Analysis between Chlorophyll a and Environmental Factors in ShaHu Lake

[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of environmental factors on the content of Chlorophyll a in ShaHu Lake.[Method] Based on the data in Shahu Lake from November in 2007 to September in 2008,the relationship between chlorophyll a and environmental factors like water temperature,pH,secchi-depth （SD）,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and potassium permanganate index was studied by grey relational analysis method.[Result] The main environmental factors affecting the content of Chlorophyll a in ShaHu Lake were in order of water temperature potassium permanganate index 〉total nitrogen 〉pH〉 total phosphorus 〉SD.[Conclusion] The research provides reference for the control of eutrophication and the reasonable development and utilization of Shahu Lake.

Paleosalinity in the Tianluoshan site and the correlation between the Hemudu culture and its environmental background

Paleosalinity records of the Tianluoshan site are derived from measurations data of clay mineral, boron, strontium, barium, after field sampling in three profiles of the Tianluoshan site. The relative sea level changes are discussed according to the lab results. The record indicates that the region where the Tianluoshan site located has witnessed at least three times of relative sea level high-stand before, during and after the Hemudu period. Based on previous researches, this paper also focuses on discussing several environmental elements, the inter-relationships between environmental condition, human activities and development of the Hemudu culture comprehensively.

Multi-hierarchical fuzzy judgment and nested dominance relation of rough set theory-based environmental risk evaluation for tailings reservoirs

Environmental risk assessment of tailings reservoir assessment system is complex and has many index factors.In order to accurately judge surrounding environmental risks of tailings reservoirs and determinate the corresponding prevention and control work,multi-hierarchical fuzzy judgment and nested dominance relation of rough set theory are implemented to evaluate them and find out the rules of this evaluation system with 14 representative cases.The methods of multi-hierarchical fuzzy evaluation can overall consider each influence factor of risk assessment system and their mutual impact,and the index weight based on the analytic hierarchy process is relatively reasonable.Rough set theory based on dominance relation reduces each index attribute from the top down,largely simplifies the complexity of the original evaluation system,and considers the preferential information in each index.Furthermore,grey correlation theory is applied to analysis of importance of each reducted condition attribute.The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed safety evaluation system and the application potential.

Distribution of chlorophyll a, photosynthesis and their relations to the environmental factors in the Central South China Sea

Some studies have been made on the variation of primary productivity in the Central South ChinaSea. This paper studies comprehensively the characteristics of chlorophyll a distributions in time andspace and the primary productivity, as well their relations to the environmental factors.Materals and methods During the comprehensive investigation in the Central South China Sea from September 1983 toDecember 1984, the distributions of chlorophyll a and primary productivity were studied. Figure 1shows the sampling stations and their range of investigation.

Environmental Occurrence of Selenium in Waters and Related Health Significance

Appreciable amounts of selenium in spring and well waters can be found due to geological occurrence. Concentrations of as much as 400 9000 μg/l have been reported in U. S. waters.These levels are 8 to 180 times the current EPA drinking water standard and approximate dietary exposures of 4900μg in selenosis regions of China. Reviews of health significance of the elevated drinking water exposures to U. S. populations revealed elevated concentrations of selenium in urine and blood. A decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in such instances was noted. However noticeable symptoms and signs seem absent in studies reviewed. A comparison of intake levels (diet or drinking water) to urinary excretion for residents of China and the U. S. produced a correlation coefficient, r = 0. 82 (P < 0. 01 ) for the three research studies available

Relativity of Environmental Rights:On Justification of Purposive Environmental Rights

Environmental rights in the early days,as a product of the combination of environmental crises and the ideas of human rights,had a tendency toward being considered absolute.Absolute environmental rights are of enlightening significance in the context of“existing problems in the absence of a system.”However,absolute environmental rights only consider environmental protection while excluding social and economic interests,and therefore cannot be exercised in legal practice.Legal practice now recognizes relative environmental rights that coordinate environmental protection and social and economic development.Given the ambiguous content of environmental rights,it is inappropriate to use external restrictions,and only internal restrictions can be applied.The content of environmental rights should be changed to take into account social and economic factors,and the inevitable result of the change is the shift from absolute environmental rights to relative environmental rights.The legislative purpose of environmental laws in various countries is the dualism of purpose that coordinates environmental protection with social and economic development.The dualism of purpose dovetails with relative environmental rights,and environmental rights should be positioned as purposive environmental rights in environmental law.

ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIVE BURDEN INDEX:A STREAMLINED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR FACILITIES POLLUTION PREVENTION

This paper describes a new semi-quantitative streamlined life cycle assessment(SLCA)method,the Environmental Relative Burden Index(ERBI),for describing and ranking the relative environmental burdens associated with facility operations and maintenance options.The long-range goal is for this ERBI method to serve as a pollution-prevention decision support tool for facilities managers,when faced with competing operations and maintenance alternatives.The specific application pre-sented in this paper evaluates asbestos-containing materials(ACM)and lead-based paint(LBP)management options in public school facilities.The ERBI methodol-ogy is adapted from previous streamlined semi-quantitative LCA methodologies and is described in detail.The ERBI is then employed to evaluate the relative environmental impacts of six management strategies for these hazardous building materials:management in-situ,encapsulation/containment,and full abatement/disposal,for both ACM and LBP.SLCA goal definition,system boundaries,ERBI matrix,and overall ERBI Ratings(RERB)for each material management strategy are presented.The ERBI can be a useful tool in prioritizing building maintenance alternatives,especially in cases where detailed quantitative data are unavailable.

Genetic relationship of rapeseed yield-related traits revealed by elite lines under multiple environments

To provide a theoretical basis for further improvement of Brassica napus yield, additive dominance with additive - by - additive epistatic effects （ ADAA） genetic model and a 6 X 8 partial dial- lel cross design were used to analyze the genetic effects and correlations of five yield related traits of 14 excellent Brassica napus parental lines and their 46 and F2 populations. The results showed that silique density （SD） , siliques per plant （SPP） , seeds per silique （SPS） and thousand - seed weight （TSW） exhibited not only additive and dominant effects, but also significant epistatic effects. The dominant effects of all five yield - related traits were obviously greater than their additive effects and epistatic effects. Yield per plant （YPP） showed significant genetic correlation with SD, SPP and SPS, and the main component of the genetic correlation was the dominance correlation. SPP and SPS both showed a significant negative correlation with TSW. The SD of rapeseed was genetically correlated with all three components of yield to a certain extent, and there were different components of genetic effects positively correlated with the three yield components, indicating that SD is a potential trait to reconcile the conflict between TSW and SPP as well as SPS.

RELATIVE SEA LEVEL RISE AND ITS EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES IN CHINAS COASTAL AREAS

Due to global climate warming and natural and man-made land subsidence etc., relative sea level rise in the coastal plains of China will exceed 2-3 times over the golbal mean value during the first half part of the 21st century. It will result in a series of adverse impacts on evolution of natural environment and socioeconomic development of the coastal area. This paper analyses environmental and resource effects induced by relative sea level rise in China's coastal areas on the basis of rough estimate of future relative sea level rise. These effects include inundating tidal flat and wetlands and increase in inundated risk of coastal habitable land,exacerbating storm surge. coastal erosion, flooding and salt water intrusion hazards.as well as endangering land. water. tourism and living resources and their utilization.

Optimization of environmental maintenance system used in a refuge chamber

Mine refuge chambers are used to shield miners who fail to escape from the mine when incidents occur. Environment maintaining system plays a key role in stabilizing thermal environment of a mine refuge chamber against heat emitted from metabolism and transferred from outside. The safety and comfort of refugees are closely related to the environment maintaining system design. In order to improve the comfort of refugees, optimization on the environment maintaining system has been done based on the previous work. To evaluate the environment of the chamber, eight volunteers were involved into the experiment. Under close observation and safety protection, they lived in a heat-isolated test chamber for 106 hours. The volunteers were asked to maintain low level of activities to simulate refugees＇ situation. It shows that the environment maintaining system worked well and the temperature, relative humidity and emitted harmful air content such as CO2 and CO were all kept in the safety level, and no discomfort was felt by volunteers at all.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TROPICAL CYCLONE IN BAROTROPIC ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS

ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＡＴＲＯＰＩＣＡＬＣＹＣＬＯＮＥＩＮＢＡＲＯＴＲＯＰＩＣＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＦＬＯＷＳＬｉＸｉａｏｆａｎ（李小凡）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｙ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＨａｗａｉｉａｔＭａｎｏａ，Ｈ...

Problems Related to Divers Health and Comfort in Hyperbaric He-O_2 Environment

The Diver Gas Recovery System(DGRS)is an important accessory equipment of the 300m Saturation Dive System. The system facilitates the recycling of the breathing gases for divers,therefore,it has great economic benefits. In April 1995, a 300 m unmanned test and a 100 m manned test on the HY2031 DGRSwere carried out successively.Ten months later,another manned test on the HY2032 DGRS

Coupling relation between water and salt in irrigation area on a catchments scale

Water resource is the important factor for sustainable development in Weigan River catchments in western China. Based on ecological hydrology principles, the coupling relation between water and salt is monitored and analyzed. The water quality for irrigation in oasis ecosystem has a larger variable range in arid area, which depending on the input water resource and underground water mineralization degree and water chemical component on the catchments scale, the water and salt coupling is decided by the climate condition and soil feature and vegetation characteristics as well as human activity. Meanwhile, temporal and spatial change between water and salt is quite complicated. The environmental management should be paid attention to considering in irrigation area in the catchments.

An Assessment of Indoor Environmental Quality in School Buildings in the State of Kuwait

In this study, indoor quality and environmental comfort were investigated in secondaiy school buildings located in the State of Kuwait. Comfort variables such as temperature and relative humidity (thermal comfort), noise (acoustic comfort), illumination (visual comfort), as well as allocated classroom floor area per student (spatial comfort) were measured. Data was collected over a 7-month period on a spot basis during school hours in student-occupied classrooms at 46 selected schools. The measured data was then compared to international guidelines and standards related to indoor environment quality. The data for noise and allocated space were shown to be in the comfort ranges in all the schools. However, 11% of the schools are not adequately illuminated, 33% had temperatures not within the recommended limits, and 22% of the schools had humidity levels either higher or lower than the recommended levels. Also, 9% of the schools had low illummation readings. In addition, during the data monitoring, a survey was conducted by which the student occupants completed a questionnaire so that subjective and objective evaluations could be compared. The findings of the questionnaire displayed significant correlations between the measured data and some ailments and other corr^laints experienced by the students. Ultimately, the results found in this research will provide a baseHne for comparison with future indoor environment quality assessments in buildings. Furthermore, recommendations are suggested in order to improve the environmental quality problems encountered in some of the schools, which may be beneficial for policymakers, facilities managers, and design engineers.

Constructing a ＂Common Field＂ Across the Taiwan Strait via Environmentalism？ Case Studies of Cross-Strait Environment NGO Exchanges

This paper examines cases of exchange among environmental non-governmental organizations （ENGOs） between Taiwan and China. Based on interviews with three Taiwan Residents ENGOs and five Chinese ENGOs, this article has come up with the following preliminary observations. First, Chinese ENGOs have already built widespread connections with international community and developed good partner relationship within international groups. The exchange between the ENGOs across the Taiwan Strait is part of such a global network. Second, unlike other external or international actors, the Taiwan Residents ENGOs rarely provide direct financial support to the Chinese counterparts. Instead, the most important impact the Taiwan Residents ENGOs have brought to their Chinese counterparts are their accounts of ideas and their experiences of practices. Third, due to similar language and cultural backgrounds, Taiwan Residents ENGOs have a more important role in influencing their Chinese counterparts in comparison with other international connection. These direct contacts have contributed to form a ＂common identity＂ of environmentalism among the ENGOs across the strait, which actually is also part of a ＂global identity of environmentalism＂. Exchanges across the Taiwan Strait among ENGOs have provided a case in which cross-strait relations can be constructed and construed beyond nationalistic or economic context. ENGOs of Taiwan and China are developing a ＂common identity＂ as partners in a global community via ＂environmentalism＂.

RELATIVITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

From the realism of science, and taking the guide of EINSTEIN’s Relativity as guide, this article called in question the present theory of the sustainable development by the rational thinking of philosophy and a close logic inference. It is found that there are many paradoxes to the theory. Through more deepening and meticulous inference, we arrived at philosophic language of science about the sustainable development. The sustainable development is "non-sustainable development", and the non-sustainable development is "the best sustainable development". While carrying out philosophical principle thinking and repeating science demonstration for the sustainable development, this article got further confirmation that the existence of human being at the minimum environment cost may help them obtain motive power of the sustainable development. In fact, this foundation motive power exists in the flow of development in different organization levels, meanwhile it exists in strategy of intuition living of the ancient people. Only in relative lower environment cost to live can we get the support system of science for the sustainable development, and be able really to achieve the basic goal of the sustainable development.

Family-relatedFactorsThatInfluenceChildren’sAcademicAchievementsinSchool

This essay studies various family-related factors that influence a child’s academic achievement in school in P.R. China. The factors are illustrated under three categories: the family’s social class and education, early home environment and family material condition. The author discusses the relevant factors by way of relating the knowledge of social environment to his own experiences as a student and then teacher in China. The essay closes with a discussion directing the public’s attention to the concern about home-related factors influencing a child’s academic achievements in school.

Nanoscale mass sensing based on vibration of single-layered graphene sheet in thermal environments

Based on vibration analysis, single-layered graphene sheet （SLGS） with multiple attached nanoparticles is developed as nanoscale mass sensor in thermal environments. Graphene sensors are assumed to be in simplysupported configuration. Based on the nonlocal plate the- ory which incorporates size effects into the classical theory, closed-form expressions lot the frequencies and relative fre- quency shills of SLGS-based mass sensor are derived using the Galerkin method. The suggested model is justified by a good agreement between the results given by the present model and available data in literature. The effects of tem- perature difference, nonlocal parameter, the location of the nanoparticle and the number of nanoparticles on the relative frequency shift of the mass sensor are also elucidated. The obtained results show that the sensitivity of the SLGS- based mass sensor increases with increasing temperature difference.

A Review of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Symptoms, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Health Related Quality of Life Issues

In this paper, we present a thorough review of one of the most life-threatening autoimmune diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Symptoms, risk factors, including genetic and epidemiological factors are discussed. Treatment, life expectancies, and Health Related Quality of Life of patients with SLE will be discussed as well. Special attention will be given to Lupus Nephritis.

Safety Evaluation of Water Environment Carrying Capacity of Five Cities in Ningxia Based on Ecological Footprint of Water Resources

[Objectives]To make safety evaluation of water environment carrying capacity of five cities in Ningxia based on ecological footprint of water resources.[Methods]With the help of the grey relational model,15 indicators were selected from the natural,economic,and social aspects,and the most influential factors in the three fields were selected.Based on the concept of ecological priority,the water resources carrying capacity of the five cities in Ningxia from 2010 to 2019 was calculated with the help of the water resources ecological footprint model.Then,the indicators of the water resources ecological footprint model were coupled with the existing indicators to establish a comprehensive evaluation indicator system.Finally,the changes of the water environment carrying capacity of the five cities in Ningxia were analyzed with the help of the principal component analysis(PCA).[Results]The ecological pressure of water resources and the ecological deficit of water resources in the five cities were relatively large.Specifically,Yinchuan City had the most obvious deficit of water resources but good carrying capacity;Zhongwei City had a large ecological deficit of water resources,poor carrying capacity,and the largest ecological pressure index of water resources;Guyuan City had low water resources ecological deficit,water resources ecological carrying capacity and water resources ecological pressure index.[Conclusions]Through the analysis of the coupling indicator system,it can be seen that the water environment carrying capacity of the five cities is in an upward trend,indicating that the water environment in each region tends to become better.