构建共价三嗪框架/氮掺杂碳包覆氧化亚铜S型异质结促进光催化制氢

开发用于制氢的高效光催化剂在可持续能源研究中至关重要。本研究设计并制备了一种具有S型异质结结构的共价三嗪框架(CTF)-Cu_(2)O@NC复合材料,旨在提高光催化制氢的效率。由于氮掺杂碳(NC)层和S型异质结的协同效应,复合物的光吸收能力、电子-空穴分离效率和产氢活性显著增强。该系统的结构和光电化学表征表明,S型异质结不仅提高了光生载流子的分离效率,而且还保持了很强的氧化还原能力,从而进一步促进了光催化反应。此外,NC层可以同时减少Cu_(2)O的光腐蚀并促进电子转移。实验结果表明,CTF-7%Cu_(2)O@NC复合材料在可见光照射下表现出优异的制氢性能,达到15645μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1),大大超过了纯CTF的光催化活性(2673μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))。这项研究为开发高效、创新的光催化材料提供了一种新方法,有力地支持了可持续氢能源的发展。

MOF-derived Co9S8/MoS2 embedded in tri-doped carbon hybrids for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Metal-organic framework(MOF)derived hybrid materials have been developed as an efficient non-noblemetal electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion systems.In this work,a Co-based MOF containing nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms(Co-NOMOF)mixed with the thiomolybdate[Mo3S(13)]^2- nanoclusters was used to prepare the N,S,O-doped carbon encapsulating Co9S8 and MoS2(Co9S8/MoS2@NSOC)nanocomposite by one-step pyrolysis.The Co9S8/MoS2@NSOC nanocomposite exhibited remarkable catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)with overpotential of 194 and 233 mV in 1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2SO4 solution under 10 mA cm^-2,respectively,which was ascribed to the multiheteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon matrix and the synergistic effect of intrinsic activity of Co9S8 and MoS2.This work provides new opportunity for developing highly efficient non-precious metal electrochemical catalysts.

B/S架构营运车辆技术状况数据库管理系统的实现

目前各省建立的运政系统并没有实现营运车辆技术状况数据的共享。综合性能检测站和维修企业迫切需要获得生产作业中用到的车型参数数据。企业自己收集的车型参数数据不完整、不准确,严重影响了对营运车辆性能的评价质量及车辆安全性。营运车辆技术状况数据库及管理系统,针对营运车辆管理部门、综合性能检测站、维修企业、运输企业等4类用户,实现了3省车辆技术状况数据的互联和共享;建立了车型数据库,解决综合性能检测站和维修企业车型参数缺失的问题。数据库已经导入数据数万条,在3省进行了近2个月的示范应用,评价良好。

A Unified Measurement Solution of Software Trustworthiness Based on Social-to-Software Framework

As trust becomes increasingly important in software domain, software trustworthiness--as a complex high- composite concept, has developed into a big challenge people have to face, especially in the current open, dynamic and ever-changing Internet environment. Furthermore, how to recognize and define trust problem from its nature and how to measure software trustworthiness correctly and effectively play a key role in improving users＇ trust in choosing software. Based on trust theory in the field of humanities and sociology, this paper proposes a measurable S2S （Social-to-Software） software trustworthiness framework, introduces a generalized indicator loss to unify three parts of trustworthiness result, and presents a whole metric solution for software trustworthiness, including the advanced J-M model based on power function and time-loss rate for ability trustworthiness measurement, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation advanced-model considering effect of multiple short boards for basic standard trustworthiness, and the identity trustworthiness measurement method based on the code homology detecting tools. Finally, it provides a case study to verify that the solution is applicable and effective.

Cubic S/N co-doped TiO_(2) with rich oxygen vacancies from Ti-MOFs for efficient elimination of formaldehyde

The cubic S/N co-doped TiO_(2)(TNSx,x is the calcination temperature)photocatalysts with rich oxygen vacancies were obtained by high temperature calcination of sulfur powder and titanium-based MOFs NH_(2)-MIL-125 for the photocatalytic removal of gaseous formaldehyde(a volatile organic compound).Among the obtained catalysts,the presence of oxygen vacancies restricted photogenerated electron and holes recombination.98.00%removal of gaseous formaldehyde in 150 min could be achieved over TNS600 by xenon lamp.The removal efficiency for formaldehyde was well retained for five cycle experiment.The results from PL,TRPL and EIS revealed that TNS600 had the best separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes,and the enhanced charge separation led to a significant increase in photocatalytic activity.The photocatalytic oxidation mechanism indicated that the ^(•)OH and ^(•)O_(2)−radicals were mainly involved in the efficient elimination of gaseous formaldehyde and were able to mineralize formaldehyde to H_(2)O and CO_(2).

在平面构型[PdnClm]^2-阴离子驱动下三种瓜环基超分子框架化合物的构筑

采用无机阴离子诱导方法,以具有平面构型的[PdnClm]^2-阴离子为结构导向试剂,成功制备了3种具有框架结构特征的瓜环基超分子化合物:{Na2(H2O)6TMeQ[6]}[Pd2Cl6]·3H2O(1)、(H3O)2{CyH5Q[5]}[Pd2Cl6]·3H2O(2)及(H3O)2{Q[5]}[PdCl4]·23H2O(3)。X射线单晶衍射的结果表明:在1中,Na+离子与TMeQ[6]端口羰基氧直接配位形成一维结构的超分子链,在[Pd2Cl6]2-阴离子与TMeQ[6]的外壁作用下,进一步构筑形成三维的框架结构;在2中,在[Pd2Cl6]2-阴离子与CyH5Q[5]的外壁作用下,CyH5Q[5]以一维链有序排列,且4条CyH5Q[5]分子链可堆砌成一孔道,孔道中填充了[Pd2Cl6]2-阴离子,最终形成三维框架结构;在3中,8个[PdCl4]2-阴离子与4个Q[5]分子通过瓜环外壁相互作用,形成二维层状框架结构,层与层之间再通过非共价键作用力,最终形成三维层状框架结构。在这3种瓜环基超分子框架化合物中,[PdnClm]^2-阴离子促进了瓜环分子有序化排列,形成了具有框架结构特征的自组装体。这种主要驱动力来源于瓜环的外壁作用,即瓜环“正电性外壁”与[PdnClm]^2-阴离子间的离子偶极作用。

Regulating Li^(+)migration and Li_(2)S deposition by metal-organic framework-derived Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded carbon nanoarrays for durable lithium-sulfur batteries

The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the uncontrollable deposition of lithium sulfides(Li_(2)S)severely hinder the realization of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,we fabricated a carbon cloth(CC)-based self-supported interlayer(denoted as Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC),which is covered with Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded porous carbon nanoarrays through a facile two-step method with cobalt-based metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)nanosheets as the template.The interconnected carbon network and the polar Co_(4)S_(3) nanoparticles in the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer not only effectively suppress the polysulfide shuttle,but also significantly facilitate the lithium ion(Li^(+))conduction with a considerable Li^(+)transference number of 0.86.Besides,the rich interfaces between the polar Co_(4)S_(3) nanoparticles and the conductive carbon substrate serve as reaction sites to accelerate the polysulfide conversion and guide the flower-like growth of Li_(2)S,which ultimately mitigates the interlayer surface passivation and improves the sulfur utilization.Therefore,the Li-S batteries with the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer deliver an excellent rate capacity(368.7 mA h g^(−1) at 10 C),a stable cycling performance(a low fading rate of 0.045%per cycle over 1400 cycles at 2.0 C),and a high initial areal capacity(4.83 mA h cm^(−2) at 0.2 C under a sulfur loading of 4.6 mg cm^(−2)).This work provides a perspective on the self-supported catalytic interlayer for the selective Li^(+)conduction and Li_(2)S regulation toward high-performance Li-S batteries.

J2EE框架在需求侧用电管理信息系统中的应用

根据需求侧用电管理信息系统的功能和性能需求,从软件复用的角度出发,提出应用Java2平台企业版(J2EE)架构定制用电管理信息系统。通过与.NET间的技术特点比较,突出了J2EE框架在这个特定领域的优势。以实际用电管理信息系统为例,对J2EE在系统开发中的应用进行了探讨。介绍了用电管理信息系统的总体结构,分析了开发中涉及的J2EE框架下的JSP(Java Server Page)技术、EJB(Enterprise Java Bean)技术以及其他相关技术。

Indium-organic framework CPP-3(In)derived Ag/In_(2)O_(3) porous hexagonal tubes for H_(2)S detection at low temperature

There is a great demand for high-performance hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)sensors with low operating temperatures.Ag/In_(2)O_(3)hexagonal tubes with different proportions were prepared by the calcination of Ag+-impregnated indium-organic frameworks(CPP-3(In)),and the developed sensors exhibit enhanced gas-sensing performance toward H_(2)S.Gas sensing measurements indicate that the response of Ag/In_(2)O_(3)(2.5 wt%)sensor to 5 ppm H_(2)S has the highest response(119),operated at 70℃.The Ag/In_(2)O_(3)(2.5 wt%)based sensor exhibits short response time(20 s),low detection limit(300 ppb),and good selectivity toward H_(2)S gas,which imply that the CPP-3(In)-derived Ag/In_(2)O_(3)hexagonal tube is a promising candidate to be constructed a low power-consumption H_(2)S sensor.

硫化氢气体在金属有机骨架中吸附机理的分子模拟研究

研究硫化氢(H_(2)S)气体在金属有机骨架(Metal Organic Frameworks, MOFs)材料中的吸附机理,对应用MOFs材料控制城市地下有限空间内的H_(2)S气体具有重要意义。以不同类型的MOFs材料作为研究对象,基于Materials Studio软件建立了MOFs-H_(2)S吸附体系,应用巨正则蒙特卡洛(Rand Canonical Monte Carlo, GCMC)方法及分子动力学(Molecular Dynamics, MD)理论研究了相互作用能、吸附热、金属位点、官能团等的影响,在分子层面讨论了H_(2)S气体在MOFs中的吸附特性及机理。应用等温吸附试验验证了所使用分子模型及力场的可靠性。结果表明:不同金属位点对于吸附量有较大影响,对H_(2)S气体的吸附作用由强到弱依次为Mg^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Co^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Zn^(2+);亲水性官能团的引入利于H_(2)S气体的吸附捕捉;UiO-66-Cu因其团簇为网状结构更利于H_(2)S气体的捕捉与吸附。同时,该研究建立了吸附热方程,提供了MOFs吸附效果评判标准,为MOFs材料应用于城市地下有限空间吸附H_(2)S气体提供了理论依据。

Cucurbit[6]uril-based supramolecular frameworks assembled via the outer surface interaction of cucurbit[n]urils

Curcurbit[n]uril(Q[n])-based supramolecular frameworks(QSFs) constructed from the outer surface interaction of Q[n]s(OSIQ) have the characteristic of simplicity,diversity and modulability.Their simplicity is reflected in their simple composition and preparation methods used for QSFs.The diversity of supramolecular organic frameworks(SOFs) is reflected in the synthesis methods and structural characteristics of the as-obtained QSFs,as well as the variety of structural directing agents and basic building blocks used to prepare QSFs.The modulability is reflected by the controllable channel size in the QSFs,which can be adjusted using different sizes of Q[n]s.In this work,the first re ported cucurbituril Q[6]was selected as the basic building block and three Q[6]-based su p ramolecular frameworks were obtained from aqueous HCl solutions in the presence of [CdCl_(4)]^(2-)respectively.The OSIQs are the main driving forces for the formation of these frameworks.This study shows the diversity of the QSFs.

金属有机框架材料捕集二氧化碳技术进展及应用

CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存是应对全球气候变化的关键技术之一。在油气田开发过程中,将捕集的CO_(2)注入油层中,既能降低原油黏度,又能补充地层能量提高采收率,同时还能将CO_(2)封存到地下,因此受到了广泛的重视,目前常见的CO_(2)捕集技术是醇胺吸收法。然而,醇胺吸收法再生能耗较高,溶液损失较大,且CO_(2)的再生率随着循环次数的增多而降低。因此,急需一种新的CO_(2)捕集技术。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)是一种网状框架化合物,通过金属离子与有机配体组装而成,具有大孔隙率、高比表面积、结构多样性、易修饰等特点,使得其在CO_(2)气体捕集与分离领域有着非常好的应用前景。首先介绍了MOFs的特点,之后总结了MOFs材料的合成方法,最后介绍了MOFs材料对CO_(2)、H2S和CH4吸附分离上的应用,并对其在新疆油田开发过程中的应用进行了展望。